誼

See also: 谊

誼 U+8ABC, 誼 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8ABC ← 誻 [U+8ABB] CJK Unified Ideographs 誽 → [U+8ABD]

Translingual

Han character

誼 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+8, 15 strokes, cangjie input 卜口十月一 (YRJBM), four-corner 0361₇, composition ⿰言宜)

References

• KangXi: page 1166, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35605
• Dae Jaweon: page 1631, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3992, character 12
• Unihan data for U+8ABC

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Chinese

trad.		誼
simp.		谊
alternative forms		竩 𧧼

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (多) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
多	*ʔl'aːl
哆	*ʔl'aːlʔ, *ʔl'aːls, *ʔr'aːls, *hr'aːl, *l̥ʰjaːlʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *l̥ʰjɯs
跢	*ʔl'aːls, *ʔl'aːds
痑	*ʔl'aːls, *l̥ʰaːl, *l̥ʰaːn
爹	*daːʔ, *tjaː
陊	*l'aːlʔ, *l'alʔ
橠	*naːlʔ
袲	*naːlʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *lal
奓	*ʔr'aːl, *ʔr'aːls
栘	*ɦljeːl, *lal
黟	*ʔleːl, *ʔlil
趍	*sʰlo, *l'al
誃	*l'al, *l̥ʰjalʔ
簃	*l'al, *lal
眵	*ʔljjal, *l̥ʰjal
恀	*ʔljalʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *ɦljalʔ
侈	*l̥ʰjalʔ
姼	*l̥ʰjalʔ, *ɦljal, *ɦljalʔ
鉹	*l̥ʰjalʔ, *lal
垑	*l̥ʰjalʔ
袳	*l̥ʰjalʔ
卶	*l̥ʰjals, *hljals
宜	*ŋral
誼	*ŋrals
竩	*ŋrals
移	*lal
迻	*lal
扅	*lal
拸	*lal, *lalʔ
熪	*lal
謻	*lal
蛥	*ɢljad

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋrals): semantic 言 + phonetic 宜 (OC *ŋral).

Etymology

In some lects, the pronunciation of 誼／谊 is the same as that of 宜 (i.e. in the light level tone (陽平／阳平)). This is the result of dubanbian (讀半邊／读半边 (dúbànbiān)).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yì, yí

  (Zhuyin): ㄧˋ, ㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ji⁴, ji⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngì
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): gī / gî

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ngi³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yì
    • Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yì
    • Wade–Giles: i⁴
    • Yale: yì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
    • Palladius: и (i)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yí
    • Zhuyin: ㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yí
    • Wade–Giles: i²
    • Yale: yí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yi
    • Palladius: и (i)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ji⁴, ji⁶
    • Yale: yìh, yih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ji⁴, ji⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yi⁴, yi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiː²¹/, /jiː²²/

Note:

• ji4 - common variant;
• ji6 - prescribed.

Hakka

• (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngì
  • Hakka Romanization System: ngiˇ
  • Hagfa Pinyim: ngi²
  • Sinological IPA: /ɲi¹¹/

Min Nan

• (Hokkien)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gī / gî
  • Tâi-lô: gī / gî
  • Phofsit Daibuun: gi, gii
  • IPA (Xiamen): /ɡi²²/, /ɡi²⁴/
  • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡi⁴¹/, /ɡi²⁴/
  • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡi²²/, /ɡi¹³/
  • IPA (Taipei): /ɡi³³/, /ɡi²⁴/
  • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡi³³/, /ɡi²³/

Note:

• gī - literary;
• gî - vernacular (俗).

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ngi³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngì
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋi²¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ŋˠiᴇ^H/

Rime
Character	誼
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	支 (13)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	宜寄切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋˠiᴇH/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋᵚiɛH/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiɛH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋjiə̆H/
Li Rong	/ŋjeH/
Wang Li	/ŋǐeH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋie̯H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ji6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋrals/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	誼
Reading #	1/1
No.	2678
Phonetic component	多
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	議
Old Chinese	/*ŋrals/

Definitions

誼

1. friendship

   友誼／友谊  ―  yǒuyì  ―  friendship

2. ^† Alternative form of 義／义 (yì).

   • 知自貴於物，然後知仁誼。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     知自贵于物，然后知仁谊。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE

     Zhī zì guì yú wù, ránhòu zhī rényì. [Pinyin]

     Having understood that one's very self is dearer than any external object, one then begins to understand charity and morality.

3. ^† Alternative form of 議／议 (yì).

Compounds

• 世誼／世谊
• 交誼／交谊 (jiāoyì)
• 交誼舞／交谊舞 (jiāoyìwǔ)
• 厚誼／厚谊
• 友誼／友谊 (yǒuyì)
• 友誼商店／友谊商店 (yǒuyì shāngdiàn)
• 友誼賽／友谊赛
• 同聲之誼／同声之谊
• 同舟之誼／同舟之谊
• 地主之誼／地主之谊
• 寅誼／寅谊
• 年誼／年谊

• 恩誼／恩谊
• 情誼／情谊 (qíngyì)
• 戚誼／戚谊 (qīyì)
• 氣誼／气谊
• 氣誼相投／气谊相投 (qìyìxiāngtóu)
• 深情厚誼／深情厚谊 (shēnqínghòuyì)
• 清風高誼／清风高谊
• 略盡情誼／略尽情谊
• 睦誼／睦谊
• 羊左之誼／羊左之谊
• 聯誼／联谊 (liányì)

• 聯誼會／联谊会 (liányìhuì)
• 舊誼／旧谊
• 行誼／行谊
• 誼不容辭／谊不容辞
• 誼主／谊主
• 誼士／谊士
• 誼母／谊母
• 鄉誼／乡谊
• 雲天高誼／云天高谊
• 高情厚誼／高情厚谊
• 高誼／高谊

References

• “誼”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

誼

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: ぎ (gi)
• Kan-on: ぎ (gi)
• Kun: よい (yoi, 誼い); よしみ (yoshimi, 誼)

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Korean

Hanja

誼 (eum 의 (ui))

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Vietnamese

Han character

誼: Hán Nôm readings: nghị

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation