had
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English hadde (preterite), yhad (past participle), from Old English hæfde (first and third person singular preterite), ġehæfd (past participle), from Proto-Germanic *habd-, past and past participle stem of *habjaną (“to have”), equivalent to have + -ed. Cognate with Dutch had, German hatte, Swedish hade, Icelandic hafði.
PronunciationEdit
- (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA(key): /hæd/
Audio (GA) (file) - Rhymes: -æd
VerbEdit
had
- simple past tense and past participle of have.
- 1814 July, [Jane Austen], chapter I, in Mansfield Park: A Novel. In Three Volumes, volume I, London: Printed for T[homas] Egerton, […], OCLC 39810224, page 1:
- About thirty years ago, Miss Maria Ward, of Huntingdon, with only seven thousand pounds, had the good luck to captivate Sir Thomas Bertram, of Mansfield Park, in the county of Northampton, […].
- (auxiliary) Used to form the pluperfect tense, expressing a completed action in the past (with a past participle).
- 2011 April 15, Ben Cooper, The Guardian, London:
- Cooper seems an odd choice, but imagine if they had taken MTV's advice and chosen Robert Pattinson?
- 2011 April 15, Ben Cooper, The Guardian, London:
- (auxiliary, now rare) As past subjunctive: would have.
- 1499, John Skelton, The Bowge of Courte:
- To holde myne honde, by God, I had grete payne; / For forthwyth there I had him slayne, / But that I drede mordre wolde come oute […].
- 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 4, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], OCLC 946730821:
- Julius Cæsar had escaped death, if going to the Senate-house, that day wherein he was murthered by the Conspirators, he had read a memorial which was presented unto him.
- 1849, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, In Memoriam, 24:
- If all was good and fair we met, / This earth had been the Paradise / It never look’d to human eyes / Since our first Sun arose and set.
- 1499, John Skelton, The Bowge of Courte:
Derived termsEdit
AdjectiveEdit
had
- (informal) Duped.
- We've been had.
- (obsolete) Available.
- 1485, William Caxton, The Preface to Le Morte d'Arthur:
- Which be not had in our maternal tongue.
Usage notesEdit
Had, like that, is one of a very few words to be correctly used twice in succession in English, e.g. “He had had several operations previously.”
Related termsEdit
AnagramsEdit
AfrikaansEdit
VerbEdit
had
BretonEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Celtic *satos, from *sh₁-tó-, past participle of Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“to sow”). Cognate with English seed.
NounEdit
had m (plural hadoù)
Central Cagayan AgtaEdit
PronounEdit
had
- (interrogative) where
CzechEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Czech had, from Proto-Slavic *gadъ.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
had m anim
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
- hadice f
Further readingEdit
- had in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- had in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
DanishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse hatr, from Proto-Germanic *hataz, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂d- (“hate”).
PronunciationEdit
- Rhymes: -ad
NounEdit
had n (singular definite hadet, not used in plural form)
Related termsEdit
VerbEdit
had
- imperative of hade
DutchEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
had
HungarianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Hungarian hodu, from Proto-Ugric *kontə, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *kunta.[1] Cognate with Finnish kunta.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
had (plural hadak)
DeclensionEdit
Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | had | hadak |
accusative | hadat | hadakat |
dative | hadnak | hadaknak |
instrumental | haddal | hadakkal |
causal-final | hadért | hadakért |
translative | haddá | hadakká |
terminative | hadig | hadakig |
essive-formal | hadként | hadakként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | hadban | hadakban |
superessive | hadon | hadakon |
adessive | hadnál | hadaknál |
illative | hadba | hadakba |
sublative | hadra | hadakra |
allative | hadhoz | hadakhoz |
elative | hadból | hadakból |
delative | hadról | hadakról |
ablative | hadtól | hadaktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
hadé | hadaké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
hadéi | hadakéi |
Possessive forms of had | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | hadam | hadaim |
2nd person sing. | hadad | hadaid |
3rd person sing. | hada | hadai |
1st person plural | hadunk | hadaink |
2nd person plural | hadatok | hadaitok |
3rd person plural | haduk | hadaik |
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Róna-Tas, András; Berta, Árpád; Károly, László (2011) West Old Turkic: Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian (Turcologica; 84), volume II, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, page 1277
Further readingEdit
- had in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.
Jersey DutchEdit
VerbEdit
had
- had
- 1912, Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsche taal— en letterkunde, volumes 31-32, page 309:
- En kääd'l had twî jongers; […]
- A man had two sons. […]
- En kääd'l had twî jongers; […]
- 1912, Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsche taal— en letterkunde, volumes 31-32, page 309:
MatalEdit
VerbEdit
had
ReferencesEdit
Middle EnglishEdit
NounEdit
had
- Alternative form of hod
NovialEdit
VerbEdit
had
Old CzechEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *gadъ.
NounEdit
had m
DeclensionEdit
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | had | hady, hada | hadi, hadové (hadoví), hadie (hadí), hady |
genitive | hada, hadu | hadú (hadou) | hadóv (haduov, hadů), had |
dative | hadu, hadovi | hadoma, hadama | hadóm (haduom, hadům) |
accusative | had, hada | hady, hada | hadi, hadové (hadoví), hadie (hadí), hady |
vocative | hade | hady, hada | hadi, hadové (hadoví), hadie (hadí), hady |
locative | hadě (hade), hadu, hadovi | hadú (hadou) | hadích, hadiech, hadech, hadách |
instrumental | hadem | hadoma, hadama | hady, hadmi, hadami |
DescendantsEdit
- Czech: had
Further readingEdit
- “had”, in Vokabulář webový: webové hnízdo pramenů k poznání historické češtiny [online][1], Praha: Ústav pro jazyk český AV ČR, 2006–2020
Old EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Germanic *haiduz (“state, condition, rank, person”). Akin to Old Norse heiðr (“dignity, honor”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌿𐍃 (haidus, “manner”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
hād m (nominative plural hādas)
- person, individual
- a character
- c. 1011, Byrhtferth, Manual
- Þonne se sċop inn ġebringþ ōðre hādas þe wiþ hine wordliġen swelċe hīe him andswariġen, þonne biþ sēo ġesetnes "ġemǣne" oþþe "ġemenġed" ġeċīeġed.
- When the poet introduces other characters who talk to him as if they're answering him, the composition is called "common" or "mixed."
- c. 1011, Byrhtferth, Manual
- individuality
- rank, status
- 9th century, the Blickling Homilies, "The Third Sunday in Lent"
- ġehwilċes hādes menn
- people of every rank
- 9th century, the Blickling Homilies, "The Third Sunday in Lent"
- a person of the Trinity
- 10th century, Ælfric, "Of the Catholic Faith"
- Nis se Fæder āna Þrīnes, oþþe se Sunu Þrīnes, oþþe se Hālga Gāst Þrīnes, ac þās þrī hādas sind ān god on ānre godcundnesse.
- The Trinity is not the Father alone, or the Son, or the Holy Spirit; these three persons are one god in one godhead.
- 10th century, Ælfric, "Of the Catholic Faith"
- honor, dignity
- office (esp religious)
- state, condition; nature, manner
- gender
- 10th century, Ælfric, "On the Nativity of the Holy Virgins"
- Sēo ġelaðung is ġegaderod of ǣġðres hādes mannum, þæt is, werhādes and wīfhādes.
- The church is gathered from people of each gender, that is, the male sex and the female sex.
- 10th century, Ælfric, "On the Nativity of the Holy Virgins"
- (grammar) grammatical person
- c. 995, Ælfric, Excerptiones de Arte Grammatica Anglice
- Þrī hādas sind worda. Se forma hād is þe spricþ be him selfum ānum ("iċ seċġe", oþþe mid ōðrum mannum on maniġfealdum ġetæle, "wē seċġaþ"). Se ōðer hād is þe se forma spricþ tō ("þū sæġst", oþþe maniġfealdlīċe "ġē seċġaþ"). Se þridda hād is be þǣm þe se forma hād spricþ tō þǣm ōðrum hāde ("hē sæġþ", oþþe maniġfealdlīċe "hīe seċġaþ").
- Verbs have three persons. The first person talks about himself alone ("I say", or with other people in the plural, "we say"). The second person is whoever the first person talks to ("you say", or in the plural "y'all say"). The third person is whoever the first person talks about to the second person ("he says", or in the plural "they say").
- c. 995, Ælfric, Excerptiones de Arte Grammatica Anglice
- race; kindred, family; tribe, group
- choir
DeclensionEdit
Related termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
SlovakEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *gadъ.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
had m (genitive singular hada, nominative plural hady, genitive plural hadov, declension pattern of dub)
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- had in Slovak dictionaries at korpus.sk
TurkishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Arabic حَدّ (ḥadd).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
had (definite accusative haddi, plural hadler)
DeclensionEdit
Inflection | ||
---|---|---|
Nominative | had | |
Definite accusative | haddi | |
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | had | hadler |
Definite accusative | haddi | hadleri |
Dative | hadde | hadlere |
Locative | hadde | hadlerde |
Ablative | hadden | hadlerden |
Genitive | haddin | hadlerin |
Upper SorbianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *gadъ.
NounEdit
had m
WelshEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Celtic *sato-, from Proto-Indo-European *sh₁-tó-, past participle of *seh₁- (“to sow”). Cognate with English seed.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
had m pl or m sg (singulative hedyn, plural hadau)
Related termsEdit
- hadu (“to sow”)