cerrar
Asturian
editVerb
editcerrar (first-person singular indicative present cerro, past participle cerráu)
- Alternative form of zarrar
Conjugation
editinfinitive | cerrar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | cerrando | ||||||
past participle | m cerráu, f cerrada, n cerrao, m pl cerraos, f pl cerraes | ||||||
person | first singular yo |
second singular tu |
third singular él/elli |
first plural nosotros/nós |
second plural vosotros/vós |
third plural ellos | |
indicative | present | cerro | cerres | cerra | cerramos | cerráis | cerren |
imperfect | cerraba | cerrabes | cerraba | cerrábemos, cerrábamos | cerrabeis, cerrabais | cerraben | |
preterite | cerré | cerrasti, cerresti | cerró | cerremos | cerrastis, cerrestis | cerraron | |
pluperfect | cerrare, cerrara | cerrares, cerraras | cerrare, cerrara | cerráremos, cerráramos | cerrareis, cerrarais | cerraren, cerraran | |
future | cerraré | cerrarás | cerrará | cerraremos | cerraréis | cerrarán | |
conditional | cerraría | cerraríes | cerraría | cerraríemos, cerraríamos | cerraríeis, cerraríais | cerraríen | |
subjunctive | present | cerre | cerres, cerras | cerre | cerremos | cerréis | cerren, cerran |
imperfect | cerrare, cerrara | cerrares, cerraras | cerrare, cerrara | cerráremos, cerráramos | cerrareis, cerrarais | cerraren, cerraran | |
imperative | — | cerra | — | — | cerrái | — |
Galician
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Old Galician-Portuguese serrar, çerrar, sarrar, çarrar, from Vulgar Latin serrāre (“close, shut”), from Late Latin serō, serāre (“fasten, bolt”), from Latin sera (“bolt, cross-bar”).
Pronunciation
editVerb
editcerrar (first-person singular present cerro, first-person singular preterite cerrei, past participle cerrado)
- (transitive) to close, shut
- (transitive) to seal
- (transitive) to enclose
- (intransitive) to darken, dim
- (intransitive) to conclude
- (pronominal) to close, shut
Conjugation
edit1Less recommended.
References
edit- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “cerrar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cerrar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- “cerrar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cerrar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- “cerrar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cerrar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Portuguese
editEtymology
editFrom Old Galician-Portuguese serrar, çerrar, sarrar, çarrar, from Vulgar Latin serrāre (“close, shut”), from Late Latin serāre (“to fasten, to bolt”), from Latin sera (“bolt, cross-bar”). Cognate with Galician and Spanish cerrar, French serrer and Italian serrare.
Pronunciation
edit
Verb
editcerrar (first-person singular present cerro, first-person singular preterite cerrei, past participle cerrado)
Conjugation
edit1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Spanish
editEtymology
editInherited from Old Spanish, from Vulgar Latin serrāre (“close, shut”), from Late Latin serāre (“fasten, bolt”), from Latin sera (“bolt, cross-bar”). Compare English serry/serried.
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): (Spain) /θeˈraɾ/ [θeˈraɾ]
- IPA(key): (Latin America, Philippines) /seˈraɾ/ [seˈraɾ]
Audio (Colombia): (file) - Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: ce‧rrar
- Homophone: (Latin America) serrar
Verb
editcerrar (first-person singular present cierro, first-person singular preterite cerré, past participle cerrado)
- (transitive) to close, to shut
- Antonym: abrir
- No olvides cerrar la puerta.
- Don't forget to close the door.
- (transitive) to shut down, to close down
- Antonym: abrir
- Quieren cerrar tu negocio.
- They're trying to shut your business down.
- (transitive) to turn off, to shut off (to rotate a tap or valve so as to interrupt the outflow of liquid or gas)
- cerrar el grifo ― to turn off the tap
- cerrar la luz ― to turn off the lights
- (transitive) to enclose
- to lock, to lock up
- to seal, to close (e.g. a deal, a breach, a rift)
- to close up, to close off (e.g. a wound)
- to close, to conclude, to end
- (reflexive) to close (itself) (e.g., a store, a door)
- (reflexive) to close off (oneself)
- (linguistics) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.- 2018, Hortensia Martinez, Fonetica y fonología histórica, Apuntes de Fonética y Fonología Españolas[1]:
- La /o/ a veces se cierra a /u/ por influencia de una /j/: cognatum>cuñado; cochleare>cuchara; dormiamus>durmamos
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Usage notes
edit- To specify that you mean to "lock" and not just "close" or "shut", include con llave following cerrar.
Conjugation
editinfinitive | cerrar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | cerrando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | cerrado | cerrada | |||||
plural | cerrados | cerradas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | cierro | cierrastú cerrásvos |
cierra | cerramos | cerráis | cierran | |
imperfect | cerraba | cerrabas | cerraba | cerrábamos | cerrabais | cerraban | |
preterite | cerré | cerraste | cerró | cerramos | cerrasteis | cerraron | |
future | cerraré | cerrarás | cerrará | cerraremos | cerraréis | cerrarán | |
conditional | cerraría | cerrarías | cerraría | cerraríamos | cerraríais | cerrarían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | cierre | cierrestú cerrésvos2 |
cierre | cerremos | cerréis | cierren | |
imperfect (ra) |
cerrara | cerraras | cerrara | cerráramos | cerrarais | cerraran | |
imperfect (se) |
cerrase | cerrases | cerrase | cerrásemos | cerraseis | cerrasen | |
future1 | cerrare | cerrares | cerrare | cerráremos | cerrareis | cerraren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | cierratú cerrávos |
cierre | cerremos | cerrad | cierren | ||
negative | no cierres | no cierre | no cerremos | no cerréis | no cierren |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
Derived terms
edit- cerrado
- cerradura
- cerrajería
- cerrajero
- cerrar el juego
- cerrar el paso
- cerrar en falso
- cerrar filas
- cerrar la brecha (“to close or bridge the gap”)
- cerrar la cuenta
- cerrar la espita
- cerrar la marcha
- cerrar la plana
- cerrar los labios
- cerrar sesión
- cerrarse de campiña
- cerrarse en banda
- cerrarse en falso
- cerrarse las velaciones
- cerrazón
- cerrojo
- cierre
- descerrajadura
- descerrajar
- en un abrir y cerrar de ojos
- encerrar
- libro cerrado (“closed book”) (idiomatic)
- pregunta cerrada
Further reading
edit- “cerrar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
- Asturian lemmas
- Asturian verbs
- Galician terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- Galician terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Galician terms inherited from Late Latin
- Galician terms derived from Late Latin
- Galician terms inherited from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Galician lemmas
- Galician verbs
- Galician verbs ending in -ar
- Galician transitive verbs
- Galician intransitive verbs
- Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Portuguese terms inherited from Late Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Late Latin
- Portuguese terms inherited from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese 3-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with homophones
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese verbs
- Portuguese verbs ending in -ar
- Spanish terms inherited from Old Spanish
- Spanish terms derived from Old Spanish
- Spanish terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Spanish terms inherited from Late Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Late Latin
- Spanish terms inherited from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Spanish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/aɾ
- Rhymes:Spanish/aɾ/2 syllables
- Spanish terms with homophones
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish verbs
- Spanish verbs ending in -ar
- Spanish verbs with e-ie alternation
- Spanish transitive verbs
- Spanish terms with usage examples
- Spanish terms with collocations
- Spanish reflexive verbs
- es:Linguistics
- Spanish terms with quotations