cerrar

AsturianEdit

VerbEdit

cerrar (first-person singular indicative present cerro, past participle cerráu)

Alternative form of zarrar

ConjugationEdit

Conjugation of cerrar

person		first singular yo	second singular tu	third singular él/elli	first plural nosotros/nós	second plural vosotros/vós	third plural ellos
infinitive		cerrar
gerund		cerrando
past participle		m cerráu, f cerrada, n cerrao, m pl cerraos, f pl cerraes
indicative	present	cerro	cerres	cerra	cerramos	cerráis	cerren
	imperfect	cerraba	cerrabes	cerraba	cerrábemos, cerrábamos	cerrabeis, cerrabais	cerraben
	preterite	cerré	cerrasti, cerresti	cerró	cerremos	cerrastis, cerrestis	cerraron
	pluperfect	cerrare, cerrara	cerrares, cerraras	cerrare, cerrara	cerráremos, cerráramos	cerrareis, cerrarais	cerraren, cerraran
	future	cerraré	cerrarás	cerrará	cerraremos	cerraréis	cerrarán
	conditional	cerraría	cerraríes	cerraría	cerraríemos, cerraríamos	cerraríeis, cerraríais	cerraríen
subjunctive	present	cerre	cerres, cerras	cerre	cerremos	cerréis	cerren, cerran
subjunctive	imperfect	cerrare, cerrara	cerrares, cerraras	cerrare, cerrara	cerráremos, cerráramos	cerrareis, cerrarais	cerraren, cerraran
imperative		—	cerra	—	—	cerrái	—

GalicianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

zarrar

EtymologyEdit

From Galician-Portuguese serrar, çerrar, sarrar, çarrar, from Vulgar Latin serrāre (“close, shut”), from Late Latin serō, serāre (“fasten, bolt”), from Latin sera (“bolt, cross-bar”).

PronunciationEdit

(standard) IPA^(key): /θɛˈraɾ/
(western) IPA^(key): /sɛˈraɾ/

VerbEdit

cerrar (first-person singular present cerro, first-person singular preterite cerrei, past participle cerrado)

(transitive) to close, shut
(transitive) to seal
(transitive) to enclose
(intransitive) to darken, dim
(intransitive) to conclude
(takes a reflexive pronoun) to close, shut

ConjugationEdit

Conjugation of cerrar

person		singular			plural
infinitive			cerrar
gerund			cerrando
past participle				singular		plural
		masculine		cerrado		cerrados
		feminine		cerrada		cerradas
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		eu	ti	el / ela / Vde.	nós	vós	eles / elas / Vdes.
	present	cerro	cerras	cerra	cerramos	cerrades	cerran
	imperfect	cerraba	cerrabas	cerraba	cerrabamos	cerrabades	cerraban
	preterite	cerrei	cerraches	cerrou	cerramos	cerrastes	cerraron
	pluperfect	cerrara	cerraras	cerrara	cerraramos	cerrarades	cerraran
	future	cerrarei	cerrarás	cerrará	cerraremos	cerraredes	cerrarán
	conditional	cerraría	cerrarías	cerraría	cerrariamos	cerrariades	cerrarían
subjunctive		eu	ti	el / ela / Vde.	nós	vós	eles / elas / Vdes.
	present	cerre	cerres	cerre	cerremos	cerredes	cerren
	preterite	cerrase	cerrases	cerrase	cerrásemos	cerrásedes	cerrasen
	future	cerrar	cerrares	cerrar	cerrarmos	cerrardes	cerraren
imperative		—	ti	Vde.	nós	vós	Vdes.
	affirmative	—	cerra	cerre	cerremos	cerrade	cerren
	negative	—	cerres	cerre	cerremos	cerredes	cerren
personal infinitive		eu	ti	el / ela / Vde.	nós	vós	eles / elas / Vdes.
		cerrar	cerrares	cerrar	cerrarmos	cerrardes	cerraren

ReferencesEdit

“cerrar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
“cerrar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
“cerrar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
“cerrar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

PortugueseEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Portuguese serrar, çerrar, sarrar, çarrar, from Vulgar Latin serrāre (“close, shut”), from Late Latin serāre, present active infinitive of serō (“fasten, bolt”), from Latin sera (“bolt, cross-bar”). Cognate with Galician cerrar, Spanish cerrar, French serrer and Italian serrare.

PronunciationEdit

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /sɨ.ˈʁaɾ/
Hyphenation: cer‧rar

VerbEdit

cerrar (first-person singular present indicative cerro, past participle cerrado)

to close, shut
to seal
first-person singular (eu) personal infinitive of cerrar
third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) personal infinitive of cerrar
first-person singular (eu) future subjunctive of cerrar
third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) future subjunctive of cerrar

ConjugationEdit

Conjugation of the Portuguese -ar verb cerrar

	Singular			Plural
Notes:^[edit] This is a regular verb of the -ar group. Verbs with this conjugation include: amar, cantar, gritar, marchar, mostrar, nadar, parar, participar, retirar, separar, viajar.
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	cerrar
Personal	cerrar	cerrares	cerrar	cerrarmos	cerrardes	cerrarem
Gerund
	cerrando
Past participle
Masculine	cerrado			cerrados
Feminine	cerrada			cerradas
Indicative
Present	cerro	cerras	cerra	cerramos	cerrais	cerram
Imperfect	cerrava	cerravas	cerrava	cerrávamos	cerráveis	cerravam
Preterite	cerrei	cerraste	cerrou	cerramos cerrámos	cerrastes	cerraram
Pluperfect	cerrara	cerraras	cerrara	cerráramos	cerráreis	cerraram
Future	cerrarei	cerrarás	cerrará	cerraremos	cerrareis	cerrarão
Conditional
	cerraria	cerrarias	cerraria	cerraríamos	cerraríeis	cerrariam
Subjunctive
Present	cerre	cerres	cerre	cerremos	cerreis	cerrem
Imperfect	cerrasse	cerrasses	cerrasse	cerrássemos	cerrásseis	cerrassem
Future	cerrar	cerrares	cerrar	cerrarmos	cerrardes	cerrarem
Imperative
Affirmative	-	cerra	cerre	cerremos	cerrai	cerrem
Negative (não)	-	cerres	cerre	cerremos	cerreis	cerrem

SpanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Spanish, from Vulgar Latin serrāre (“close, shut”), from Late Latin serāre, present active infinitive of serō (“fasten, bolt”), from Latin sera (“bolt, cross-bar”). Compare English serry/serried.

PronunciationEdit

(Castilian) IPA^(key): /θeˈraɾ/
(Latin America) IPA^(key): /seˈraɾ/
Homophone: serrar (non-Castilian)
Hyphenation: ce‧rrar

VerbEdit

cerrar (first-person singular present cierro, first-person singular preterite cerré, past participle cerrado)

(transitive) to close
No olvides cerrar la puerta.
Don't forget to close the door.

Antonym: abrir
(transitive) to shut
No olvides cerrar la puerta.
Don't forget to shut the door.
(transitive) to shut down, to close down
Están intentando cerrar tu negocio.
They're trying to shut your business down.

Antonym: abrir
(transitive) to enclose
to lock, to lock up
to seal, to close (e.g. a deal, a breach, a rift)
to close up, to close off (e.g. a wound)
to close, to conclude, to end
(reflexive) to close (itself) (e.g., a store, a door)
(reflexive) to close off (oneself)

ConjugationEdit

Rule: e becomes an ie in stressed syllables.

Conjugation of cerrar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)^{edit data}

		singular			plural
infinitive			cerrar
gerund			cerrando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		cerrado		cerrada
		plural		cerrados		cerradas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	cierro	cierras^tú cerrás^{^vos}	cierra	cerramos	cerráis	cierran
	imperfect	cerraba	cerrabas	cerraba	cerrábamos	cerrabais	cerraban
	preterite	cerré	cerraste	cerró	cerramos	cerrasteis	cerraron
	future	cerraré	cerrarás	cerrará	cerraremos	cerraréis	cerrarán
	conditional	cerraría	cerrarías	cerraría	cerraríamos	cerraríais	cerrarían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	cierre	cierres^{^tú} cerrés^{^vos²}	cierre	cerremos	cerréis	cierren
	imperfect (ra)	cerrara	cerraras	cerrara	cerráramos	cerrarais	cerraran
	imperfect (se)	cerrase	cerrases	cerrase	cerrásemos	cerraseis	cerrasen
	future¹	cerrare	cerrares	cerrare	cerráremos	cerrareis	cerraren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		cierra^{^tú} cerrá^{^vos}	cierre	cerremos	cerrad	cierren
	negative		no cierres	no cierre	no cerremos	no cerréis	no cierren

¹ Mostly obsolete form, now mainly used in legal jargon.
² Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Other verbs with this conjugation:

► Spanish verbs ending in -ar (conjugation e-ie)

Selected combined forms of cerrar^{edit data}

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive cerrar
	dative	cerrarme	cerrarte	cerrarle, cerrarse	cerrarnos	cerraros	cerrarles, cerrarse
	accusative	cerrarme	cerrarte	cerrarlo, cerrarla, cerrarse	cerrarnos	cerraros	cerrarlos, cerrarlas, cerrarse

with gerund cerrando
	dative	cerrándome	cerrándote	cerrándole, cerrándose	cerrándonos	cerrándoos	cerrándoles, cerrándose
	accusative	cerrándome	cerrándote	cerrándolo, cerrándola, cerrándose	cerrándonos	cerrándoos	cerrándolos, cerrándolas, cerrándose

with informal second-person singular imperative cierra
	dative	ciérrame	ciérrate	ciérrale	ciérranos	not used	ciérrales
	accusative	ciérrame	ciérrate	ciérralo, ciérrala	ciérranos	not used	ciérralos, ciérralas

with formal second-person singular imperative cierre
	dative	ciérreme	not used	ciérrele, ciérrese	ciérrenos	not used	ciérreles
	accusative	ciérreme	not used	ciérrelo, ciérrela, ciérrese	ciérrenos	not used	ciérrelos, ciérrelas

with first-person plural imperative cerremos
	dative	not used	cerrémoste	cerrémosle	cerrémonos	cerrémoos	cerrémosles
	accusative	not used	cerrémoste	cerrémoslo, cerrémosla	cerrémonos	cerrémoos	cerrémoslos, cerrémoslas

with informal second-person plural imperative cerrad
	dative	cerradme	not used	cerradle	cerradnos	cerraos	cerradles
	accusative	cerradme	not used	cerradlo, cerradla	cerradnos	cerraos	cerradlos, cerradlas

with formal second-person plural imperative cierren
	dative	ciérrenme	not used	ciérrenle	ciérrennos	not used	ciérrenles, ciérrense
	accusative	ciérrenme	not used	ciérrenlo, ciérrenla	ciérrennos	not used	ciérrenlos, ciérrenlas, ciérrense

Usage notesEdit

To specify that you mean to "lock" and not just "close" or "shut", include con llave following cerrar.

Derived termsEdit

cerrar la brecha (“to close or bridge the gap”)
cerrado
cerradura
cerrajería
cerrajero
cerrar la marcha
cerrazón
cerrojo
cierre
descerrajadura
descerrajar
encerrar
en un abrir y cerrar de ojos

cerrar

Contents

AsturianEdit

VerbEdit

ConjugationEdit

GalicianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

ConjugationEdit

ReferencesEdit

PortugueseEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

ConjugationEdit

SpanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

ConjugationEdit

Usage notesEdit

Derived termsEdit

Derived termsEdit

Further readingEdit