lier

See also: Lier

English

Etymology

From Middle English lier, equivalent to lie +‎ -er. Compare ligger, lidger, ledger.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈlaɪ.ə/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈlaɪ.ɚ/
• Rhymes: -aɪə(ɹ)
• Homophones: liar, lyre

Noun

lier (plural liers)

1. A person or thing that lies, in the sense of being horizontal.
2. A lie-abed; one who stays in bed late.
3. Obsolete spelling of liar
4. Misspelling of liar.

See also

• liar

Anagrams

• Iler, Irel., Reil, Riel, lire, riel, rile

---

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch liere, from Latin lyra, from Ancient Greek λύρα (lúra).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lir/, [liːr], [liə̯r]

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: lier
• Rhymes: -ir

Noun

lier f (plural lieren, diminutive liertje n)

1. (music) lyre
2. (music) hurdy-gurdy, wheel fiddle
3. winch

Derived terms

• draailier
• lierhert
• zijn lier aan de wilgen hangen

---

French

Etymology

From Old French lier, from Latin ligāre, present active infinitive of ligō, from Proto-Indo-European *leyǵ- (“to bind”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lje/

• audio

  (file)

Verb

lier

1. to link
2. to associate
3. (cooking) to thicken

   lier une sauce ― to thicken a sauce

Conjugation

Conjugation of lier (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	lier
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	liant /ljɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		lié /lje/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	lie /li/	lies /li/	lie /li/	lions /ljɔ̃/	liez /lje/	lient /li/
	imperfect	liais /ljɛ/	liais /ljɛ/	liait /ljɛ/	liions /li.jɔ̃/	liiez /li.je/	liaient /ljɛ/
	past historic2	liai /lje/	lias /lja/	lia /lja/	liâmes /ljam/	liâtes /ljat/	lièrent /ljɛʁ/
	future	lierai /li.ʁe/	lieras /li.ʁa/	liera /li.ʁa/	lierons /li.ʁɔ̃/	lierez /li.ʁe/	lieront /li.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	lierais /li.ʁɛ/	lierais /li.ʁɛ/	lierait /li.ʁɛ/	lierions /li.ʁjɔ̃/	lieriez /li.ʁje/	lieraient /li.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	lie /li/	lies /li/	lie /li/	liions /li.jɔ̃/	liiez /li.je/	lient /li/
	imperfect2	liasse /ljas/	liasses /ljas/	liât /lja/	liassions /lja.sjɔ̃/	liassiez /lja.sje/	liassent /ljas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	lie /li/	—	lions /ljɔ̃/	liez /lje/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is only usable with preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• fou à lier
• liaison
• se lier d'amitié

Related terms

• délier
• liaison
• liement
• lien
• ligament
• ligature
• obliger
• relier

 

Descendants

• → German: liieren

Further reading

• “lier” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• lire

---

Latin

Verb

līer

1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of līō

---

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

lier f

1. indefinite plural of li

---

Old French

Alternative forms

• liier, lïer (diaereses not universally used by scholars of Old French)

Etymology

From Latin ligāre, present active infinitive of ligō.

Verb

lier

1. to tie up; to connect with a tie

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of lier (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		lier			avoir lïé
gerund		en liant			Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle
present participle		liant
past participle		lïé
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	li	lïes	lïe	lions	lïez	lïent
	imperfect	lioie, lïeie, lioe, lïeve	lioies, lïeies, lioes, lïeves	lioit, lïeit, liot, lïeve	liiiens, liiens	liiiez, liiez	lioient, lïeient, lioent, lïevent
	preterite	liai	lias	lia	liames	liastes	lïerent
	future	lïerai	lïeras	lïera	lïerons	lïeroiz, lïereiz, lïerez	lïeront
	conditional	lïeroie, lïereie	lïeroies, lïereies	lïeroit, lïereit	lïeriiens, lïeriens	lïeriiez, lïeriez	lïeroient, lïereient
compound tenses	present perfect	Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect	Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	past anterior	Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	future perfect	Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	conditional perfect	Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	li	lis	lit	lions	lïez	lïent
	imperfect	liasse	liasses	liast	liissons, liissiens	liissoiz, liissez, liissiez	liassent
compound tenses	past	Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect	Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	lïe	—	lions	lïez	—

Descendants

• French: lier
  • → German: liieren
• → Middle English: lien
  • English: lye
• →? Galician: lear
• →? Portuguese: liar
• →? Spanish: liar