lear

See also: Lear, le-ar, and léar

English

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /lɪɹ/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /lɪə/
• Rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)

Etymology 1

From Middle English laire, leire, lere, northern Middle English variants of lore, loare (“doctrine, teaching, lore”), from Old English lār (“lore”). More at lore.

Noun

lear (countable and uncountable, plural lears)

1. (now Scotland) Something learned; a lesson.
2. (now Scotland) Learning, lore; doctrine.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

     when all other helpes she saw to faile, / She turnd her selfe backe to her wicked leares / And by her deuilish arts thought to preuaile [...].

   • 1836, Joanna Baillie, Witchcraft, act 3, page 100:

     'Foul befa' him and his lear too! It maun be o' some new-fangled kind, I think. Our auld minister had lear enough, baith Hebrew and Latin, and he believed in witches and warlocks, honest man, like ony ither sober, godly person.'

   • 1898, Francis James Child, editor, Lord William, or Lord Lundy, Child's Ballads:

     They dressed up in maids' array,
     And passd for sisters fair;
     With ae consent gaed ower the sea,
     For to seek after lear.

Etymology 2

From Middle English learen, leren (“to learn", also "to teach”). Doublet of learn (Etymology 2).

Verb

lear (third-person singular simple present lears, present participle learing, simple past and past participle leared)

1. (transitive, archaic and Scotland) To teach.
2. (intransitive, archaic) To learn.
   • 14thC, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canon's Yeoman's Prologue and Tale, from The Canterbury Tales,

     He hath take on him many a great emprise,

     Which were full hard for any that is here

     To bring about, but they of him it lear.

Etymology 3

See lehr.

Noun

lear (plural lears)

1. Alternative form of lehr

Anagrams

• Arel, Earl, Elar, Lare, Rael, Raël, Real, earl, lare, rale, real

Galician

Alternative forms

• liar

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese liar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), ultimately from Latin ligāre, present active infinitive of ligō. Compare Spanish liar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /leˈaɾ/

Verb

lear (first-person singular present leo, first-person singular preterite leei, past participle leado)
lear (first-person singular present leio, first-person singular preterite leei, past participle leado, reintegrationist norm)

1. (transitive) to wrap, coil

   Synonym: envurullar

2. (transitive) to link

   Synonym: ligar

3. (transitive) to entangle

   Synonyms: enlear, enredar

4. (transitive) to roll (a cigarette)
5. (takes a reflexive pronoun) to wrestle, fight

   Synonyms: enlear, loitar, rifar, punar, barallar, desortir

Conjugation

    Conjugation of lear

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	lear
Personal	lear	leares	lear	learmos	leardes	learen
Gerund
	leando
Past participle
Masculine	leado			leados
Feminine	leada			leadas
Indicative
Present	leo	leas	lea	leamos	leades	lean
Imperfect	leaba	leabas	leaba	leabamos	leabades	leaban
Preterite	leei	leaches	leou	leamos	leastes	learon
Pluperfect	leara	learas	leara	learamos	learades	learan
Future	learei	learás	leará	learemos	learedes	learán
Conditional	learía	learías	learía	leariamos	leariades	learían
Subjunctive
Present	lee	lees	lee	leemos	leedes	leen
Imperfect	lease	leases	lease	leásemos	leásedes	leasen
Future	lear	leares	lear	learmos	leardes	learen
Imperative
Affirmative		lea	lee	leemos	leade	leen
Negative (non)		non lees	non lee	non leemos	non leedes	non leen

    Reintegrated conjugation of lear (e may become ei when stressed) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	lear
Personal	lear	leares	lear	learmos	leardes	learem
Gerund
	leando
Past participle
Masculine	leado			leados
Feminine	leada			leadas
Indicative
Present	leio, leo1	leias, leas1	leia, lea1	leamos	leades, leais	leiam, leam1
Imperfect	leava	leavas	leava	leávamos	leávades, leáveis, leávais1	leavam
Preterite	leei	leaste, leache1	leou	leamos	leastes	leárom, learam
Pluperfect	leara	learas	leara	leáramos	leárades, leáreis, leárais1	learam
Future	learei	learás	leará	learemos	learedes, leareis	learám, learão
Conditional	learia	learias	learia	learíamos	learíades, learíeis, learíais1	leariam
Subjunctive
Present	leie, lee1	leies, lees1	leie, lee1	leemos	leedes, leeis	leiem, leem1
Imperfect	leasse	leasses	leasse	leássemos	leássedes, leásseis	leassem
Future	lear	leares	lear	learmos	leardes	learem
Imperative
Affirmative		leia, lea1	leie, lee1	leemos	leade, leai	leiem, leem1
Negative (nom)		nom leies, nom lees1	nom leie, nom lee1	nom leemos	nom leedes, nom leeis	nom leiem, nom leem1

¹Less recommended.

Related terms

• enlear
• lea
• releante
• relear
• releón

 

References

• “liar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “liar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “lear” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “lear” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
• “lear” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “lear” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /l̠ʲaɾˠ/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish ler, from Proto-Celtic *liros. Cognate with Welsh llŷr.

Noun

lear m (genitive singular lir)

1. (literary or archaic, except in phrases) sea, ocean

Derived terms

• thar lear (“overseas”)

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 ler”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “lear”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 426
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “lear”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Etymology 2

Noun

lear m (genitive singular lear, nominative plural learanna)

1. (mental) defect

   Tá lear air.

   He's wrong in the head, he's touched.

Further reading

• Entries containing “lear” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “lear”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 81

Volapük

Noun

lear (nominative plural lears)

1. olive tree

Declension

declension of lear

	singular	plural
nominative	lear	lears
genitive	leara	learas
dative	leare	leares
accusative	leari	learis
vocative 1	o lear!	o lears!
predicative 2	learu	learus

• ¹ status as a case is disputed
• ² in later, non-classical Volapük only

Yola

Etymology

From Middle English lere, from Old English *lǣre, gelǣr, from Proto-West Germanic *lāʀi, *lāʀī.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /liː/

Adjective

lear

1. empty
   • 1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 100:

     At ye mye ne'er be wooveless ta vill a lear jock an cooan.

     That you may never be unprovided to fill an empty jack and can.

References

• Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 52