Wiktionary

lien

See also: Appendix:Variations of "lien"

English edit

Etymology 1 edit

Borrowed from Middle French lien, from Latin ligāmen (“a bond”), from ligō (“tie, bind”).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

lien (plural liens)

  1. (obsolete) A tendon.
  2. (law) A right to take possession of a debtor’s property as security until a debt or duty is discharged.
    • 1989, Greil Marcus, Lipstick Traces, Faber & Faber, published 2009:
      […] every youth movement presents itself as loan to the future, and tries to call in its lien in advance, but when there is no future all loans are canceled.
    • 2002, Colin Jones, The Great Nation, Penguin, published 2003, page 7:
      Bodin deemed the king of France's power as absolute in the sense that the ruler was ‘absolved’ by divine sanction from legally binding liens and restrictions.
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Etymology 2 edit

Alternative forms edit

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

lien

  1. (biblical, archaic) Alternative form of lain

Etymology 3 edit

Borrowed from Latin liēn (“spleen”). Doublet of spleen.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

lien (plural lienes)

  2. (uncommon, possibly obsolete) The spleen.
    Synonym: milt
    • 1892, John Marie Keating, Henry Hamilton, John Chalmers Da Costa, A New Pronouncing Dictionary of Medicine:
      Li'enal. Pertaining to the lien or spleen; splenic.
    • 1914, Quain's Elements of Anatomy, volume 1, page 312:
      The lien or spleen (figs. 282 to 285) is a soft, highly vascular contractile and very elastic organ of a dark purplish colour. It is placed obliquely behind the stomach, [...]
Related terms edit

Further reading edit

Anagrams edit

Cornish edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Cornish lyen, from Proto-Brythonic *lleɣenn, from Latin legendum.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

lien m (plural liennow)

  1. literature

French edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Middle French lien, from Old French lien, liem, from Latin ligāmen (“bond”), from ligō.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

lien m (plural liens)

  1. link

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

Further reading edit

Latin edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Indo-European, reflecting a form *(s)li(ǵʰ)-ēn-, from the root *spelǵʰ- (“spleen”), heavily distorted in all of its descendants, likely for tabooistic reasons,[1] making the exact original PIE form hard to pin down. The newly introduced -i- is seemingly also found in the Sanskrit cognate प्लीहन् (plīhán), the fall of *-h- < *-ǵʰ- is also observed in Ancient Greek σπλήν (splḗn),[2] while the loss of *-p- is also visible in Proto-Slavic *selzenь.

Other cognates include Old Irish selg, Lithuanian blužnis, Old Armenian փայծաղն (pʻaycałn), Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥- (spərəzan-). Doublet of splēn.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

liēn m (genitive liēnis); third declension

  1. spleen

Declension edit

Third-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative liēn liēnēs
Genitive liēnis liēnum
Dative liēnī liēnibus
Accusative liēnem liēnēs
Ablative liēne liēnibus
Vocative liēn liēnēs

Descendants edit

  • → English: lien, lieno-; ⇒ lienal, lienic
  • → Esperanto: lieno
  • → Romanian: lien

References edit

  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “liēn, -ēnis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 340
  2. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σπλήν, σπληνός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1385

Further reading edit

  • “lien”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • lien in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Latvian edit

Verb edit

lien

  1. inflection of līst:
    1. second/third-person singular present indicative
    2. third-person plural present indicative
    3. second-person singular imperative
  2. (with the particle lai) third-person singular imperative of līst
  3. (with the particle lai) third-person plural imperative of līst

Livonian edit

Etymology edit

Derived from Proto-Finnic *laihna, from a Germanic borrowing. Related to Finnish lainata. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Verb edit

lien

  1. (Salaca) give a loan

Middle Dutch edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Old Dutch *līan, from Proto-Germanic [Term?].

Verb edit

liën

  1. (transitive) to admit
  2. (transitive) to acknowledge, to be convinced
  3. (transitive) to declare
  4. (intransitive) to assent
Inflection edit

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Etymology 2 edit

From Old Dutch līan, from Proto-West Germanic *līhwan, from Proto-Germanic *līhwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *leykʷ-.

Verb edit

liën

  1. (eastern) to lend
Inflection edit

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Further reading edit

Middle English edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Old English liċġan, from Proto-West Germanic *liggjan, from Proto-Germanic *ligjaną.

Alternative forms edit

Verb edit

lien (third-person singular simple present lith, present participle liende, first-/third-person singular past indicative leie, past participle leien)

  1. to lie (be in a horizontal position)
    • c. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, General Prologue, lines 19–20:
      Bifil that in that seson, on a day, / In Southwerk at the Tabard as I lay
      It happened that, in that season, on a day / In Southwark, at the Tabard, as I lay
Descendants edit

References edit

Etymology 2 edit

From Old English lēogan, from Proto-West Germanic *leugan, from Proto-Germanic *leuganą.

Verb edit

lien (third-person singular simple present lieth, present participle liende, first-/third-person singular past indicative legh, past participle louen)

  1. to lie (tell a falsehood)
Alternative forms edit
Descendants edit

References edit

Etymology 3 edit

From Old French lier, liier (“to tie up, connect”), from Latin ligāre (“to tie, bind”).

Verb edit

lien (third-person singular simple present lieth, present participle liende, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle liid) (cooking)

  1. to thicken (a soup, etc.) by mixing
  2. to bind (ground meat, etc. with eggs, sauce, etc.)
  3. to coat (something with sauce, etc.)
Alternative forms edit
Descendants edit

References edit

Etymology 4 edit

From Middle French lien (“tie, strap”), from Latin ligāmen (“bandage, band, tie”).

Noun edit

lien (plural liens)

  1. bond, fetter
Alternative forms edit
Descendants edit

References edit

Etymology 5 edit

Noun edit

lien (plural liens)

  1. Alternative form of len

Middle French edit

Etymology edit

From Old French lien.

Noun edit

lien m (plural liens)

  1. tie; strap
  2. (by extension) link (association)

Descendants edit

Old French edit

Alternative forms edit

  • lïen (diareses not universally used in transcriptions of Old French)

Etymology edit

From Latin ligāmen.

Noun edit

lien oblique singular, m (oblique plural liens, nominative singular liens, nominative plural lien)

  1. tie; strap
    • late 12th century, anonymous author, “La Folie de Tristan d'Oxford”, in Le Roman de Tristan, Champion Classiques edition, →ISBN, page 408, lines 901–2:
      Brenguain, ore alez pur le chen,
      amenez k'od tut le lïen
      Brangain, go get the dog,
      bring it with its leash

Descendants edit

Romanian edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Latin liēn. Doublet of spleen and splină.

Noun edit

lien n (plural lienuri)

  1. spleen
    Synonym: splină

Declension edit

Declension of lien
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) lien lienul (niște) lienuri lienurile
genitive/dative (unui) lien lienului (unor) lienuri lienurilor
vocative lienule lienurilor

Swedish edit

Noun edit

lien

  1. definite singular of lie

Anagrams edit

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