penal
EnglishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- pænal (archaic, hypercorrect)
- pænall (obsolete, hypercorrect)
- penall (obsolete)
- pœnal (archaic)
- pœnall (obsolete)
EtymologyEdit
From Old French peinal, from Medieval Latin penalis, from Latin poenalis, from poena (“punishment”), from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “punishment”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
penal (not comparable)
- Of or relating to punishment.
- penal servitude
- Subject to punishment; punishable.
- a penal offence
- Serving as a place of punishment.
- a penal colony
- Exorbitant.
- a penal rate of interest.
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
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AnagramsEdit
CatalanEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
penal m or f (masculine and feminine plural penals)
Derived termsEdit
NounEdit
penal m (plural penals)
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “penal” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “penal”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “penal” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “penal” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
GalicianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
14th century. From pena (“stone”) + -al.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
penal m (plural penais)
- shorter, lateral wall of a house
- 1429, M. Lucas Alvarez & M. J. Justo Martín (eds.), Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537). Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 307:
- huna estrema de boa parede des lo canto mays de baixo do penal da dita casa [...] asta huna crus (+) que asignalamos e fezemos por marqua e deuision enna parede da orta de vos o dito liçençiado e vosos yrmâôs
- [We shall build]] a boundary, made of good wall, from the extreme of the lateral wall of that house [...] till a cross (+) that we have signalled and done as mark and division in the wall of the garden that belongs to you, the aforementioned lawyer, and to your brothers
- huna estrema de boa parede des lo canto mays de baixo do penal da dita casa [...] asta huna crus (+) que asignalamos e fezemos por marqua e deuision enna parede da orta de vos o dito liçençiado e vosos yrmâôs
- 1429, M. Lucas Alvarez & M. J. Justo Martín (eds.), Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537). Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 307:
- supporting wall
- Synonym: parede mestra
- each one of the slabs which tops a wall to protect it from the rain
- eaves
Etymology 2Edit
From Late Latin poenalis (“penal”).
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
penal m or f (plural penais)
- penal (of or relating to punishment)
NounEdit
penal m (plural penais)
ReferencesEdit
- “penal” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “penal” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “penal” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “penal” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “penal” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
LadinEdit
AdjectiveEdit
penal m (feminine singular penala, masculine plural penai, feminine plural penales)
PortugueseEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Latin poenālis.[1][2] By surface analysis, pena (“punishment”) + -al.
AdjectiveEdit
penal m or f (plural penais)
- penal (related to punishment, often in legal context)
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From German Pennal, from Latin pennale, from penna (“feather”). Likely reinforced by Ukrainian and Russian пенал (penal). By surface analysis, pena (“feather”) + -al.
NounEdit
penal m (plural penais)
- (Paraná, Santa Catarina) pencil case
- Synonym: estojo
Etymology 3Edit
From pênalti.
NounEdit
penal m (plural penais)
ReferencesEdit
- ^ “penal” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2023.
- ^ “penal” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
RomanianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Latin poenalis or French pénal.
AdjectiveEdit
penal m or n (feminine singular penală, masculine plural penali, feminine and neuter plural penale)
DeclensionEdit
SpanishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Late Latin poenālis.
PronunciationEdit
Audio (Colombia) (file)
AdjectiveEdit
penal (plural penales)
NounEdit
penal m (plural penales)
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “penal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
AnagramsEdit
TagalogEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Spanish penal, from Late Latin poenālis.
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
penál (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜈᜎ᜔)
Related termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “penal”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila: Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2018