Wiktionary

penal

See also: pénal

EnglishEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old French peinal, from Medieval Latin penalis, from Latin poenalis, from poena (“punishment”), from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “punishment”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

penal (not comparable)

  1. Of or relating to punishment.
    penal servitude
  2. Subject to punishment; punishable.
    a penal offence
  3. Serving as a place of punishment.
    a penal colony
  4. Exorbitant.
    a penal rate of interest.

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

TranslationsEdit

AnagramsEdit

CatalanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From pena +‎ -al.

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

penal m or f (masculine and feminine plural penals)

  1. penal, criminal

Derived termsEdit

NounEdit

penal m (plural penals)

  1. (ball games) penalty

Derived termsEdit

Further readingEdit

GalicianEdit

 
palloza (thatched house) in eastern Galicia. Note the penais.

Etymology 1Edit

14th century. From pena (“stone”) +‎ -al.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

penal m (plural penais)

  1. shorter, lateral wall of a house
    • 1429, M. Lucas Alvarez & M. J. Justo Martín (eds.), Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537). Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 307:
      huna estrema de boa parede des lo canto mays de baixo do penal da dita casa [...] asta huna crus (+) que asignalamos e fezemos por marqua e deuision enna parede da orta de vos o dito liçençiado e vosos yrmâôs
      [We shall build]] a boundary, made of good wall, from the extreme of the lateral wall of that house [...] till a cross (+) that we have signalled and done as mark and division in the wall of the garden that belongs to you, the aforementioned lawyer, and to your brothers
  2. supporting wall
    Synonym: parede mestra
  3. each one of the slabs which tops a wall to protect it from the rain
  4. eaves
    Synonyms: beirado, beiril, sobrepena, sopena, topete

Etymology 2Edit

From Late Latin poenalis (“penal”).

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

penal m or f (plural penais)

  1. penal (of or relating to punishment)

NounEdit

penal m (plural penais)

  1. prison
    Synonyms: cadea, cárcere, trenla

ReferencesEdit

  • “penal” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “penal” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
  • “penal” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “penal” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “penal” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

LadinEdit

AdjectiveEdit

penal m (feminine singular penala, masculine plural penai, feminine plural penales)

  1. penal

PortugueseEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • Rhymes: (Portugal) -al, (Brazil) -aw
  • Hyphenation: pe‧nal

Etymology 1Edit

From Latin poenālis.[1][2] By surface analysis, pena (“punishment”) +‎ -al.

AdjectiveEdit

penal m or f (plural penais)

  1. penal (related to punishment, often in legal context)
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From German Pennal, from Latin pennale, from penna (“feather”). Likely reinforced by Ukrainian and Russian пенал (penal). By surface analysis, pena (“feather”) +‎ -al.

NounEdit

penal m (plural penais)

  1. (Paraná, Santa Catarina) pencil case
    Synonym: estojo

Etymology 3Edit

From pênalti.

NounEdit

penal m (plural penais)

  1. (Brazil, soccer) penalty
    Synonyms: (Portugal) penálti, (Brazil) pênalti

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ “penal” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2023.
  2. ^ “penal” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

RomanianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin poenalis or French pénal.

AdjectiveEdit

penal m or n (feminine singular penală, masculine plural penali, feminine and neuter plural penale)

  1. penal

DeclensionEdit

Declension of penal
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite penal penală penali penale
definite penalul penala penalii penalele
genitive/
dative 		indefinite penal penale penali penale
definite penalului penalei penalilor penalelor

SpanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Late Latin poenālis.

PronunciationEdit

  • Audio (Colombia)(file)
  • IPA(key): /peˈnal/ [peˈnal]
  • Rhymes: -al
  • Syllabification: pe‧nal

AdjectiveEdit

penal (plural penales)

  1. penal

NounEdit

penal m (plural penales)

  1. a kind of prison
  2. (soccer) penalty

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

Further readingEdit

AnagramsEdit

TagalogEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Spanish penal, from Late Latin poenālis.

PronunciationEdit

  • Hyphenation: pe‧nal
  • IPA(key): /peˈnal/, [pɛˈnal]

AdjectiveEdit

penál (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜈᜎ᜔)

  1. penal

Related termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

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