viss

certain, sure, positive ^syn.
Ertu viss? — Já, ég er alveg viss.
Are you sure? — Yes, I'm positive.
certain, having been determined but unspecific ^syn.
Að falla úr vissri hæð.
To fall from a certain height.

InflectionEdit

positive (strong declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	viss	viss	visst
accusative	vissan	vissa	visst
dative	vissum	vissri	vissu
genitive	viss	vissrar	viss
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	vissir	vissar	viss
accusative	vissa	vissar	viss
dative	vissum	vissum	vissum
genitive	vissra	vissra	vissra

positive (weak declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	vissi	vissa	vissa
accusative	vissa	vissu	vissa
dative	vissa	vissu	vissa
genitive	vissa	vissu	vissa
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	vissu	vissu	vissu
accusative	vissu	vissu	vissu
dative	vissu	vissu	vissu
genitive	vissu	vissu	vissu

comparative

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	vissari	vissari	vissara
accusative	vissari	vissari	vissara
dative	vissari	vissari	vissara
genitive	vissari	vissari	vissara
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	vissari	vissari	vissari
accusative	vissari	vissari	vissari
dative	vissari	vissari	vissari
genitive	vissari	vissari	vissari

superlative (strong declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	vissastur	vissust	vissast
accusative	vissastan	vissasta	vissast
dative	vissustum	vissastri	vissustu
genitive	vissasts	vissastrar	vissasts
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	vissastir	vissastar	vissust
accusative	vissasta	vissastar	vissust
dative	vissustum	vissustum	vissustum
genitive	vissastra	vissastra	vissastra

superlative (weak declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	vissasti	vissasta	vissasta
accusative	vissasta	vissustu	vissasta
dative	vissasta	vissustu	vissasta
genitive	vissasta	vissustu	vissasta
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	vissustu	vissustu	vissustu
accusative	vissustu	vissustu	vissustu
dative	vissustu	vissustu	vissustu
genitive	vissustu	vissustu	vissustu

SynonymsEdit

(sure):^def. öruggur, (informal, dated) sikker
(certain):^def. ákveðinn

Derived termsEdit

óviss

LatvianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *visas, from Proto-Indo-European *wi-so-s, from *wi-, *wī- (“separated, divided; two parts of a whole”). Cognates include Lithuanian vìsas, Sudovian wisa, Proto-Slavic *vьxъ (Old Church Slavonic вьсь (vĭsĭ), Russian весь (vesʹ), Belarusian уве́сь (uvjésʹ), Ukrainian весь (vesʹ), уве́сь (uvésʹ), Bulgarian все (vse), Czech ves, Polish wszy, Sanskrit वि (ví, “apart, asunder, off, in several directions”), विश्व (víśva, “all, each, whole”), Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬯𐬞𐬀-‎ (vīspa-), Old Persian [script needed] (visa-, “all, whole”).^[1]

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): [vis]

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AdjectiveEdit

viss (no definite forms; irreg. adv. (none))

(usually singular) all, whole, entire (considered as a single entity)
viss mežs ― all the forest, the whole forest

visa māja ― the whole house

viss vezums ― the entire cartful

visa raža ― the whole harvest

visa produkcija ― the whole production, output

visa cilvēce ― all humanity, the whole human race

klusēt visu ceļu ― to be quiet all the way

izlasīt visu pasaku ― to read the whole fairy tale

smaidīt pa visu seju ― to smile all over (lit. on all) (one's) face

visa mugura slapja ― all (his) back (is) wet

visas rokas jēlas ― (his) hands (are) all raw

viņa visa nodrebēja ― she entire trembled (= all her body)

par to runā visa pilsēta ― the whole town is talking about that

divtelpu jeb tā saucamās dvīņu klētis sastopamas visā Latvijā ― two-room, also so-called twin, barns can be found in all Latvia (= all over Latvia)

visu ceļojumu no sākuma līdz galam Jānītis nevarēja atraut acis no automašīnas loga ― (during) the whole trip from beginning to end, Jānītis could not turn his eyes away from the car window
(of time periods, in the accusative) all, whole (during the entire time period)
visu dienu ― the whole day, all day (long)

visu nakti ― the whole night, all night (long)

lija visu vakaru ― it rained all evening

visu laiku ― all the time

visu mūžu ― all (one's) life

kaķītis gāja, gāja, 'visu vasaru ― the little cat went (= traveled) on and on, (during) the whole summer
(usually plural) all, all the... (the entire group of, without exception)
visi kaimiņi ― all the neighbors

visas tautas ― all peoples

visos logos ― in all windows

pēc visiem likumiem ― according to all laws

visas malas ― all over the place, everywhere (lit. all edges)

segt visus izdevumus ― to cover all expenses

atdot visus parādus ― to pay back all debts

atnākt ar visus bērnus ― to come with all (one's) children

visās varavīksnes krāsās ― in all the colors of the rainbow

viņi gāja tur visi trīs ― they went there, all the three of them

visi viesi bija īsti jautri un līksmi kā allaž pēc labi padarīta darba ― all the guests were really happy and cheerful as always after a job well done
(with abstractions entities, ideas) all, full (maximally intense)
viss bargums ― full rigor, utmost severity

visa lepnība ― full pride

sakoncentrēt visu uzmanību ― to pay full attention

visā augumā ― in full height (= fully grown; standing straight)

visā nopietnībā ― in all seriousness

visā visumā ― in all universe (= all in all, on the whole, by and large)

visā kailumā ― in all nakedness (= fully open, with no secrets)

Annele turējās visiem spēkiem pretī tumšām, aklām bailēm ― Annele held on with all (her) forces against the dark, blind fear

ielejā viņa mājas tagad bija redzamas visā savā nabadzībā ― in the valley, his house was now visible in all its poverty

tu redzēji tikai mazu daļu no tā, ko es esmu redzējis visā pilnībā ― you have seen only a little part of what I saw in all fullness (= in its entirety)

PronounEdit

viss (indefinite)

(masculine singular forms) all, everything, anything
visu redzēt ― to see everything

viss ir pateikts ― everything has been said

viss kopā ― all together, all of it

viņš grib visu zināt ― he wants to know everything

pateikties par visu ― to thank for everything

visam savs laiks ― to everything its time

būt gatavam uz visu ― to be ready for everything

viss viens ― all is one (i.e., it is all the same, it doesn't matter)

viss kas ― all that (i.e., all kinds of things)

būt spējīgam uz visu ― to be capable of everything, to be able to do anything

Gaitiņš pārdeva visu, paturdēami sev tik vienu zirgu un vienus ratus ― Gaitiņš sold everything, keeping for himself only one horse and one cart

vai tas var būt, ka viss - bez jēgas? vai tas var būt, ka viss ir velts? ― could it be that everything is meaningless? could it be that everything is futile?

neesmu apmierināata ar sevi, un viss ― I am not satisfied with myself, and all (= and that's all! that's it!)

braukšu uz Dmitrijevku pēc precēm; viss! ― I'll go to Dimitrijevku to get the merchandise; that's all! (= that's it!)

vieta, kurā varēja atrast visu ko: labo un slikto, jauno un veco, atpalikušo un progresīvo - a place where one coudl find all that (= all kinds of things): good and bad, new and old, backward and progressive
(plural forms) all, everyone, everybody
visi jau ir paēduši - everybody has already eaten

visi ir veseli - all are healthy

nāca visi kopā - they all came together

visu vārdā - in the name of (= on behalf of) everyone

visi bez izņēmuma - everybody, without exception

visi skraidīja ap ugunsgrēku kā apmulsuši, cits caur citu vaimanādami - everybody (just) ran around the fire confusedly, wailing at each other

visi, kas no mātes ir aizgājuši pasaulē laimi meklēt, ir apgājuši pasaulei apkārt un atraduši tikai māti - all those who went away from their mother to look for happiness in the world, went all around the world and found only (their) mother

Usage notesEdit

Viss has no definite forms; the indefinite forms are used in all cases. It has also no comparative or superlative forms.

DeclensionEdit

declension of viss

	masculine (vīriešu dzimte)		feminine (sieviešu dzimte)
	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	viss	visi	visa	visas
accusative (akuzatīvs)	visu	visus	visu	visas
genitive (ģenitīvs)	visa	visu	visas	visu
dative (datīvs)	visam	visiem	visai	visām
instrumental (instrumentālis)	visu	visiem	visu	visām
locative (lokatīvs)	visā	visos	visā	visās
vocative (vokatīvs)	—	—	—	—

SynonymsEdit

(of "whole"): vesels
(for time periods): augs

AntonymsEdit

(of "everything"): nekas

Derived termsEdit

All superlative adjectives and superlative adverbs.

ReferencesEdit

^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “viss”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

Norwegian BokmålEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse víss

AdjectiveEdit

viss (neuter singular visst, definite singular and plural visse)

certain
til en viss grad - to a certain extent

AntonymsEdit

uviss

ReferencesEdit

“viss” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian NynorskEdit

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /ʋɪsː/

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Norse víss

AdjectiveEdit

viss (neuter singular visst, definite singular and plural visse)

certain

AntonymsEdit

uviss

Etymology 2Edit

From Middle Low German wes

ConjunctionEdit

viss

if

SynonymsEdit

dersom

ReferencesEdit

“viss” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

SwedishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse viss, from Proto-Germanic *gawissaz.

PronunciationEdit

Audio
(file)

AdjectiveEdit

viss (comparative vissare, superlative vissast)

certain, convinced
Experterna har nu blivit vissa om olyckans orsaker
The experts have now become certain regarding the causes of the accident.
some, certain, particular (not comparable)
I vissa avseenden, fungerar det inte.
In some ways, it doesn't work.

DeclensionEdit

Inflection of viss
Indefinite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative²
Common singular	viss	vissare	vissast
Neuter singular	visst	vissare	vissast
Plural	vissa	vissare	vissast
Definite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Masculine singular¹	visse	vissare	vissaste
All	vissa	vissare	vissaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.

Related termsEdit

visshet

Wiktionary β

viss

Contents

EnglishEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

Related termsEdit

TranslationsEdit

IcelandicEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

InflectionEdit

SynonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

LatvianEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

PronounEdit

Usage notesEdit

DeclensionEdit

SynonymsEdit

AntonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

Norwegian BokmålEdit

EtymologyEdit

AdjectiveEdit

AntonymsEdit

ReferencesEdit

Norwegian NynorskEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

AdjectiveEdit

AntonymsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

ConjunctionEdit

SynonymsEdit

ReferencesEdit

SwedishEdit

EtymologyEdit

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

DeclensionEdit

Related termsEdit

See alsoEdit

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