widzieć
Old Polish edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vìděti. First attested in the 14th century.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
widzieć impf (frequentative widać)
- to see (to have vision; to not be blind)
- to see (to understand)
- to see (to perceive or detect someone or something with the eyes)
- (of one's eyes) to see (to detect light)
- to see (to regard as) [+ jako (object)], [+accusative = whom/what] + [+accusative = as whom/what] or [+instrumental = as whom/what]
- to see (to experience, particularly hardship)
- (reflexive with się or impersonal) to be seen
- to look at
- to see; to be able to claim; to notice
- (reflexive with się) to seem (to appear; to look outwardly; to be perceived as)
- (reflexive with się) to please, to catch the eye (to be physically attractive or pleasing)
- to know, to be familiar with
Derived terms edit
adjectives
adverbs
nouns
verbs
- nawidzieć impf
- nienawidzieć impf
- widzić impf
- zaniewidzieć pf
- zawidzieć impf
- zwidzieć pf
Descendants edit
References edit
- Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “widzieć”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “widzieć, widzieć się”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Polish widzieć.
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /ˈvi.d͡ʑɛt͡ɕ/
Audio 1, widzieć (file) Audio 2, widzieć się (file) - Rhymes: -id͡ʑɛt͡ɕ
- Syllabification: wi‧dzieć
Verb edit
widzieć impf (perfective zobaczyć, indeterminate widywać)
- (transitive) to see (to perceive with the eyes)
- (intransitive) to see (to have vision; to not be blind)
- (transitive) to see (to watch (a movie) at a cinema, or a show on television etc.)
- Synonym: oglądać
- (transitive) to see (to meet, to visit)
- (transitive) to see (to foresee, predict, or prophesy) [+ w (locative) = in what]
- (transitive) to see (to realize, to come to understand)
- (transitive) to see (to perceive some character traits within someone) [+ w (locative) = in what/whom]
- (transitive) to see (to be of the opinion that someone would fill a role well) [+ w (locative) = in what role]
- (transitive) used to get the listener's attention; (you) see
- (transitive) used to get the listener's attention particularly to express disapproval; see?
- (reflexive with się) to see oneself (to perceive oneself with one's eyes)
- (reflexive with się) to see each other
- (reflexive with się) to see (to meet with) [+ z (instrumental) = with whom]
- (reflexive with się) to see oneself (to be of the opinion that oneself would fill a role well)
- (reflexive with się, colloquial) to seem, to come across, to appear [+dative = to whom]
- Synonyms: wydawać się, zdawać się
- (reflexive with się, colloquial) to please, to catch the eye (to be physically attractive or pleasing) [+dative]
- Synonym: podobać się
- (impersonal, Middle Polish) one can watch
- Synonym: widać
- (impersonal, Middle Polish) one can see (one can perceive with the eyes)
- Synonym: widać
- (impersonal, Middle Polish) one can get to know
Conjugation edit
Derived terms edit
adjectives
nouns
phrases
proverb
verbs
- nawidzieć impf
- niedowidzieć impf
- odwidzieć pf
- przewidzieć pf, przewidywać impf
- przywidzieć pf, przywidywać impf
- uwidzieć pf
- znienawidzić pf, nienawidzić impf
- zwidzieć pf, zwidywać impf
verbs
Related terms edit
adjectives
adverbs
prefix
nouns
verbs
Trivia edit
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), widzieć is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 44 times in scientific texts, 11 times in news, 36 times in essays, 153 times in fiction, and 244 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 488 times, making it the 91st most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
References edit
Further reading edit
- widzieć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- widzieć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “widzieć”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “WIDZIEĆ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2013 January 4
- “WIDZIEĆ%20SIĘ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2022 March 24
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “widzieć”, in Słownik języka polskiego[2]
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “widzieć”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861[3]
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “widzieć”, in Słownik języka polskiego[4] (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 554
- widzieć in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
Silesian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Polish widzieć.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
widzieć impf (frequentative widować)
- (transitive) to see (to perceive with the eyes)
Conjugation edit
Related terms edit
nouns
prefix
verbs
- niynawidzieć impf
- przewidzieć pf
- widać impf
- wiedzieć impf
Further reading edit
- widzieć in silling.org