familiar
English edit
Etymology edit
From Latin familiāris (“pertaining to servants; pertaining to the household”). Doublet of familial. Displaced native Old English hīwcūþ.
Pronunciation edit
- (UK) IPA(key): /fəˈmɪl.i.ə/
- (General American) IPA(key): /fəˈmɪl.jɚ/, /fəˈmɪl.i.ɚ/, /fɚˈmɪl.jɚ/
Audio (US) (file)
Adjective edit
familiar (comparative more familiar, superlative most familiar)
- Known to one, or generally known; commonplace.
- 1963, Margery Allingham, “Eye Witness”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 249:
- The story struck the depressingly familiar note with which true stories ring in the tried ears of experienced policemen. No one queried it. It was in the classic pattern of human weakness, mean and embarrassing and sad.
- 2013 July 20, “Welcome to the plastisphere”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:
- Plastics are energy-rich substances, which is why many of them burn so readily. Any organism that could unlock and use that energy would do well in the Anthropocene. Terrestrial bacteria and fungi which can manage this trick are already familiar to experts in the field.
- There’s a familiar face; that tune sounds familiar.
- Acquainted.
- I'm quite familiar with this system; she's not familiar with manual gears.
- Intimate or friendly.
- We are on familiar terms now; our neighbour is not familiar
- Don’t be familiar with me, boy!
- c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii], page 156, column 1:
- Be thou familiar; but by no meanes vulgar: […]
- Of or pertaining to a family; familial.
- 1822, Lord Byron, Werner
- familiar feuds
- 1822, Lord Byron, Werner
Synonyms edit
- (acquainted): acquainted
- (intimate, friendly): close, friendly, intimate, personal
- (inappropriately intimate or friendly): cheeky, fresh, impudent
Antonyms edit
- (known to one): unfamiliar, unknown
- (acquainted): unacquainted
- (intimate): cold, cool, distant, impersonal, standoffish, unfriendly
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
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Noun edit
familiar (plural familiars)
- (witchcraft) An attendant spirit, often in animal or demon form.
- The witch’s familiar was a black cat.
- 1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 75:
- The familiars of the magicians, on the other hand, were not in all cases evil, and often may have approximated the "guides" with whom present-day spiritualists are well acquainted.
- 1971, Richard Carpenter, Catweazle and the Magic Zodiac, Harmondsworth: Puffin Books, page 8:
- "What power hath gold?" Catweazle wondered as he picked up his familiar and put him in his special pocket.
- (obsolete) A member of one's family or household.
- A member of a pope's or bishop's household.
- (obsolete) A close friend.
- 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Concerning the Patient”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 2, section 1, member 4, subsection 3, page 199:
- [A] friend of mine, that finding a Receipt in Braſsivola, would needs take Hellebor in ſubſtance, & try it on his own perſon; but had not ſome of his familiars come to viſite him by chance, he had by his indiſcretion hazarded himſelfe; many ſuch I have obſerued.
- (historical) The officer of the Inquisition who arrested suspected people.
Synonyms edit
Translations edit
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See also edit
Further reading edit
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin familiāris.
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): (Central) [fə.mi.liˈar]
- IPA(key): (Balearic) [fə.mi.liˈa]
- IPA(key): (Valencian) [fa.mi.liˈaɾ]
Adjective edit
familiar m or f (masculine and feminine plural familiars)
- familiar
- familial
- family-friendly
- pel·lícules familiars
- family movies
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Noun edit
familiar m or f by sense (plural familiars)
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “familiar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “familiar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “familiar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “familiar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Galician edit
Etymology edit
From Latin familiāris.
Adjective edit
familiar m or f (plural familiares)
Noun edit
familiar m (plural familiares)
Synonyms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “familiar” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Noun edit
familiar m
Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin familiāris.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
familiar m or f (plural familiares)
- familiar (known to one)
- (relational) family
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Noun edit
familiar m (plural familiares)
- (usually in the plural) relative (person in the same family)
- familiar (attendant spirit)
- Synonym: espírito familiar
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from French familier, from Latin familiaris. By surface analysis, familie + -ar.
Adjective edit
familiar m or n (feminine singular familiară, masculine plural familiari, feminine and neuter plural familiare)
Declension edit
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | neuter | feminine | masculine | neuter | feminine | ||
nominative/ accusative |
indefinite | familiar | familiară | familiari | familiare | ||
definite | familiarul | familiara | familiarii | familiarele | |||
genitive/ dative |
indefinite | familiar | familiare | familiari | familiare | ||
definite | familiarului | familiarei | familiarilor | familiarelor |
Related terms edit
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
From Latin familiāris.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
familiar m or f (masculine and feminine plural familiares)
Derived terms edit
Noun edit
familiar m (plural familiares)
- relative, family member
- Synonyms: miembro de la familia, pariente
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “familiar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014