топ
BulgarianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طوپ (top, “ball, clump”).
NounEdit
топ • (top) m (diminutive то́пче)
- (originally) cannonball, bullet (round projectile)
- Synonym: гюле́ (gjulé)
- → (by methonymic generalization) cannon
- bundle, roll, pellet, round clump
Usage notesEdit
In the modern language, the two meanings of the word are often interpretted as separate lemmas, but etymologically they share the same origin.
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
- то́пам (tópam, “to bounce a ball”)
- то́пка (tópka, “ball”)
- топчи́я (topčíja, “artilleryman”)
- топхана́ (tophaná, “arsenal, armory warehouse”) (historical, obsolete)
Related termsEdit
- топу́з (topúz, “cudgel, mace”) (historical, dialectal)
ReferencesEdit
- топ in Rečnik na bǎlgarskija ezik (Institut za bǎlgarski ezik)
- топ in Rečnik na bǎlgarskija ezik (Čitanka.Info)
- Nayden Gerov; Тодор Панчев (1904), “*топъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 347
Etymology 2Edit
Calque of Persian رخ (rox, “battle tower”).
NounEdit
топ • (top) m
See alsoEdit
Chess pieces in Bulgarian · шахматни фигури (šahmatni figuri) (layout · text) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
цар (car) | царица (carica) | топ (top) | офицер (oficer) | кон (kon) | пешка (peška) |
Etymology 3Edit
AdjectiveEdit
топ • (top) (indeclinable)
Derived termsEdit
- тип-топ (tip-top, “tip-top”)
ChechenEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Turkic, compare Azerbaijani top.
NounEdit
топ • (top)
KazakhEdit
Cyrillic | топ (top) |
---|---|
Arabic | توپ |
Latin |
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
топ • (top)
DeclensionEdit
singular (жекеше) | plural (көпше) | |
---|---|---|
nominative (атау септік) | топ (top) | топтар (toptar) |
genitive (ілік септік) | топтың (toptyñ) | топтардың (toptardyñ) |
dative (барыс септік) | топқа (topqa) | топтарға (toptarğa) |
accusative (табыс септік) | топты (topty) | топтарды (toptardy) |
locative (жатыс септік) | топта (topta) | топтарда (toptarda) |
ablative (шығыс септік) | топтан (toptan) | топтардан (toptardan) |
instrumental (көмектес септік) | топпен (toppen) | топтармен (toptarmen) |
SynonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
KyrgyzEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
топ • (top)
DeclensionEdit
singular (жекелик) |
plural (көптөгөн) | |
---|---|---|
nominative (атооч) | топ top |
топтор toptor |
genitive (илик) | топтун toptun |
топтордун toptordun |
dative (барыш) | топко topko |
топторго toptorgo |
accusative (табыш) | топту toptu |
топторду toptordu |
locative (жатыш) | топто topto |
топтордо toptordo |
ablative (чыгыш) | топтон topton |
топтордон toptordon |
possessive forms | ||
first-person singular (менин) | ||
nominative | топум topum |
топторум toptorum |
genitive | топумдун topumdun |
топторумдун toptorumdun |
dative | топума topuma |
топторума toptoruma |
accusative | топумду topumdu |
топторумду toptorumdu |
locative | топумда topumda |
топторумда toptorumda |
ablative | топумдан topumdan |
топторумдан toptorumdan |
second-person singular informal (сенин) | ||
nominative | топуң topuŋ |
топторуң toptoruŋ |
genitive | топуңдун topuŋdun |
топторуңдун toptoruŋdun |
dative | топуңа topuŋa |
топторуңа toptoruŋa |
accusative | топуңду topuŋdu |
топторуңду toptoruŋdu |
locative | топуңда topuŋda |
топторуңда toptoruŋda |
ablative | топуңдан topuŋdan |
топторуңдан toptoruŋdan |
second-person singular formal (сиздин) | ||
nominative | топуңуз topuŋuz |
топторуңуз toptoruŋuz |
genitive | топуңуздун topuŋuzdun |
топторуңуздун toptoruŋuzdun |
dative | топуңузга topuŋuzga |
топторуңузга toptoruŋuzga |
accusative | топуңузду topuŋuzdu |
топторуңузду toptoruŋuzdu |
locative | топуңузда topuŋuzda |
топторуңузда toptoruŋuzda |
ablative | топуңуздан topuŋuzdan |
топторуңуздан toptoruŋuzdan |
Derived termsEdit
MacedonianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طوپ (top).
NounEdit
топ • (top) m (relational adjective топовски)
DeclensionEdit
Etymology 2Edit
AdjectiveEdit
топ • (top) (indeclinable, not comparable)
AdverbEdit
топ • (top) (not comparable)
RussianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Borrowed from Dutch top, English top, or Low German Topp.
NounEdit
топ • (top) m inan (genitive то́па, nominative plural то́пы, genitive plural то́пов, diminutive то́пик)
DeclensionEdit
Etymology 2Edit
Onomatopoeic.
InterjectionEdit
топ • (top)
- stamp (sound of stamping when walking)
Serbo-CroatianEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طوپ (top).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
то̏п m (Latin spelling tȍp)
DeclensionEdit
See alsoEdit
Chess pieces in Serbo-Croatian · šahovske figure / шаховске фигуре (layout · text) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
kralj краљ |
dama, kraljica дама, краљица |
top, kula топ, кула |
lovac, trkač, laufer ловац, тркач, лауфер |
skakač, konj скакач, коњ |
pješak, pešak, pion, pijun пјешак, пешак, пион, пијун |