kula
EnglishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From a South Slavic language, from Turkish kule, from Persian قله (qolle), from Arabic قُلَّة (qulla, “pinnacle, zenith”).
NounEdit
kula (plural kulas)
- A tower, turret or steeple on the Balkans erected during the period of Ottoman domination on the area.
- 1867, Georgina Mary Muir Mackenzie, Lady Georgina Mary Muir Sebright, Mackenzie Sebright, Adeline Paulina Irby, Travels in the Slavonic Provinces of Turkey-in-Europe, p. 107:
- Instead of the haïdooks, their next of kin, the zaptiés now hold a kula on the highest point of the pass; here one pauses to rest after scrambling up the vile Turkish road on one side of the ravine, and before scrambling down the vile Turkish road on the other.
- 1998, Adil Zulfikarpašić, Milovan Djilas, Nadežda Gaće, The Bosniak, p.5:
- The most important kulas of the Čengić-begs are those in Zagorje, in Rataji and the River Odžak near Ustikolina.
- 1998, Miranda Vickers, Between Serb and Albanian, p. 111:
- The kulas were indeed like fortresses, with as many as twenty 'guns', ie. adult men ready to fight.
- 1867, Georgina Mary Muir Mackenzie, Lady Georgina Mary Muir Sebright, Mackenzie Sebright, Adeline Paulina Irby, Travels in the Slavonic Provinces of Turkey-in-Europe, p. 107:
Etymology 2Edit
NounEdit
kula (uncountable)
- A ceremonial exchange system conducted in the Milne Bay Province of Papua New Guinea, involving the exchange of bracelets and necklaces, and linked to political authority.
AnagramsEdit
CebuanoEdit
NounEdit
kula
- glue; or any sticky adhesive substance
NounEdit
kula
VerbEdit
kula
HawaiianEdit
NounEdit
kula
HungarianEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
kula (plural kulák)
DeclensionEdit
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | kula | kulák |
accusative | kulát | kulákat |
dative | kulának | kuláknak |
instrumental | kulával | kulákkal |
causal-final | kuláért | kulákért |
translative | kulává | kulákká |
terminative | kuláig | kulákig |
essive-formal | kulaként | kulákként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | kulában | kulákban |
superessive | kulán | kulákon |
adessive | kulánál | kuláknál |
illative | kulába | kulákba |
sublative | kulára | kulákra |
allative | kulához | kulákhoz |
elative | kulából | kulákból |
delative | kuláról | kulákról |
ablative | kulától | kuláktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
kuláé | kuláké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
kuláéi | kulákéi |
Possessive forms of kula | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | kulám | kuláim |
2nd person sing. | kulád | kuláid |
3rd person sing. | kulája | kulái |
1st person plural | kulánk | kuláink |
2nd person plural | kulátok | kuláitok |
3rd person plural | kulájuk | kuláik |
JavaneseEdit
PronounEdit
kula
- (polite) I
KashubianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Low German. Cognate to German Kule, Kuhle.
NounEdit
kula
ReferencesEdit
- Leon Biskupski, Beiträge zur slavischen Dialektologie. I. Die Sprache der Brodnitzer Kaschuben im Kreise Karthaus (West-Preußen). I. Heft. Die Lautlehre. Abteilung A. – Inaugural-Dissertation, Druck von Breitkopf & Härtel in Leipzig, p. 12
LinduEdit
NounEdit
kula
MalayEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
- (Johor-Selangor) IPA(key): /kulə/
- (Riau-Lingga) IPA(key): /kula/
- Rhymes: -ulə, -lə, -ə
NounEdit
kula (Jawi spelling کولا, plural kula-kula, informal 1st possessive kulaku, impolite 2nd possessive kulamu, 3rd possessive kulanya)
PronounEdit
kula (Jawi spelling کولا)
SynonymsEdit
NgarrindjeriEdit
NounEdit
kula
Norwegian BokmålEdit
Alternative formsEdit
NounEdit
kula f
Norwegian NynorskEdit
NounEdit
kula f
PaliEdit
EtymologyEdit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Alternative formsEdit
NounEdit
kula ?
PolishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Apparently from a Germanic language. In most senses cognate with German Kugel[1], in the sense «crutch» cognate with German Keule[2].
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
kula f (diminutive kulka)
- ball (spherical object)
- (mathematics, geometry, topology) ball
- bullet
- crutch
- (sports) shot (the heavy iron ball)
- pchnięcie kulą ― shot put
DeclensionEdit
See alsoEdit
AnagramsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- → Belarusian: ку́ля (kúlja)
- → Russian: пу́ля (púlja) (with sound changes)
- → Ukrainian: ку́ля (kúlja)
Further readingEdit
- kula in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- kula in Polish dictionaries at PWN
ReferencesEdit
Serbo-CroatianEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قله (kulle) (Turkish kule), from Persian قله (qolle), from Arabic قُلَّة (qulla, “pinnacle, zenith”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
kúla f (Cyrillic spelling ку́ла)
DeclensionEdit
SynonymsEdit
- (tower): toranj
See alsoEdit
Chess pieces in Serbo-Croatian · šahovske figure / шаховске фигуре (layout · text) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
kralj краљ |
dama, kraljica дама, краљица |
top, kula топ, кула |
lovac, trkač, laufer ловац, тркач, лауфер |
skakač, konj скакач, коњ |
pješak, pešak, pion, pijun пјешак, пешак, пион, пијун |
SidamoEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
kula
- (transitive) to tell
ReferencesEdit
- Kazuhiro Kawachi, A grammar of Sidaama (Sidamo), a Cushitic language of Ethiopia, 2007, page 30
SothoEdit
EtymologyEdit
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
VerbEdit
kula
SwahiliEdit
VerbEdit
kula (verbal noun of the ku class)
- infinitive of -la
SwedishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse kúla (“lump, swelling”), with the meaning of "sphere" influenced by Middle Low German kule (“depression, bulge”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
kula c
- a small ball made of earthenware, glass (marble) or a similar hard material; marble: spela kula; of steel in a ball bearing; sphere; testicle, often in the compound pungkula
- bullet
- En kula träffade honom rakt i tinningen.
- A bullet hit him right in the temple.
- (slang, chiefly in the plural) money
- Jag har tjänat massa kulor med den här bilen.
- I've made tons of cash with this car.
- (heraldry) roundel
DeclensionEdit
Declension of kula | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | kula | kulan | kulor | kulorna |
Genitive | kulas | kulans | kulors | kulornas |
Derived termsEdit
TagalogEdit
VerbEdit
kula
TurkishEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
kula
Zacatepec ChatinoEdit
Etymology 1Edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
AdjectiveEdit
kula
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Chatino *kwela, from Proto-Zapotecan *kw-ella.
NounEdit
kula
Etymology 3Edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
NounEdit
kula