بان

See also: پان, ثان, يان, and یان

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ب ي ن (b-y-n)

Verb

بَانَ • (bāna) I, non-past يَبِينُ‎ (yabīnu)

2. to separate, to become distinct, to sunder
4. to be or become evident, to come out, to be or become clearly visible by way of separation

Conjugation

Conjugation of

بَانَ

(form-I hollow, verbal noun بَيَان)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						بَيَان bayān
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						بَائِن bāʔin
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بِنْتُ bintu	بِنْتَ binta	بَانَ bāna		بِنْتُمَا bintumā	بَانَا bānā		بِنَّا binnā	بِنْتُمْ bintum	بَانُوا bānū
	f		بِنْتِ binti	بَانَتْ bānat			بَانَتَا bānatā			بِنْتُنَّ bintunna	بِنَّ binna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَبِينُ ʔabīnu	تَبِينُ tabīnu	يَبِينُ yabīnu		تَبِينَانِ tabīnāni	يَبِينَانِ yabīnāni		نَبِينُ nabīnu	تَبِينُونَ tabīnūna	يَبِينُونَ yabīnūna
	f		تَبِينِينَ tabīnīna	تَبِينُ tabīnu			تَبِينَانِ tabīnāni			تَبِنَّ tabinna	يَبِنَّ yabinna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَبِينَ ʔabīna	تَبِينَ tabīna	يَبِينَ yabīna		تَبِينَا tabīnā	يَبِينَا yabīnā		نَبِينَ nabīna	تَبِينُوا tabīnū	يَبِينُوا yabīnū
	f		تَبِينِي tabīnī	تَبِينَ tabīna			تَبِينَا tabīnā			تَبِنَّ tabinna	يَبِنَّ yabinna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَبِنْ ʔabin	تَبِنْ tabin	يَبِنْ yabin		تَبِينَا tabīnā	يَبِينَا yabīnā		نَبِنْ nabin	تَبِينُوا tabīnū	يَبِينُوا yabīnū
	f		تَبِينِي tabīnī	تَبِنْ tabin			تَبِينَا tabīnā			تَبِنَّ tabinna	يَبِنَّ yabinna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		بِنْ bin			بِينَا bīnā				بِينُوا bīnū
	f		بِينِي bīnī							بِنَّ binna

Verb

بَانَ • (bāna) I, non-past يَبِينُ‎ (yabīnu)

2. (intransitive, construed with مِن (min)) to part, to become separated (from)

Conjugation

Conjugation of

بَانَ

(form-I hollow, verbal nouns بَيْن or بَيْنُونَة)

verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر						بَيْن or بَيْنُونَة bayn or baynūna
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						بَائِن bāʔin
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَبِين mabīn
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بِنْتُ bintu	بِنْتَ binta	بَانَ bāna		بِنْتُمَا bintumā	بَانَا bānā		بِنَّا binnā	بِنْتُمْ bintum	بَانُوا bānū
	f		بِنْتِ binti	بَانَتْ bānat			بَانَتَا bānatā			بِنْتُنَّ bintunna	بِنَّ binna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَبِينُ ʔabīnu	تَبِينُ tabīnu	يَبِينُ yabīnu		تَبِينَانِ tabīnāni	يَبِينَانِ yabīnāni		نَبِينُ nabīnu	تَبِينُونَ tabīnūna	يَبِينُونَ yabīnūna
	f		تَبِينِينَ tabīnīna	تَبِينُ tabīnu			تَبِينَانِ tabīnāni			تَبِنَّ tabinna	يَبِنَّ yabinna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَبِينَ ʔabīna	تَبِينَ tabīna	يَبِينَ yabīna		تَبِينَا tabīnā	يَبِينَا yabīnā		نَبِينَ nabīna	تَبِينُوا tabīnū	يَبِينُوا yabīnū
	f		تَبِينِي tabīnī	تَبِينَ tabīna			تَبِينَا tabīnā			تَبِنَّ tabinna	يَبِنَّ yabinna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَبِنْ ʔabin	تَبِنْ tabin	يَبِنْ yabin		تَبِينَا tabīnā	يَبِينَا yabīnā		نَبِنْ nabin	تَبِينُوا tabīnū	يَبِينُوا yabīnū
	f		تَبِينِي tabīnī	تَبِنْ tabin			تَبِينَا tabīnā			تَبِنَّ tabinna	يَبِنَّ yabinna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		بِنْ bin			بِينَا bīnā				بِينُوا bīnū
	f		بِينِي bīnī							بِنَّ binna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	بِينَ bīna		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُبَانُ yubānu		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُبَانَ yubāna		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُبَنْ yuban		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

Etymology 2

Root
ب ن ي (b-n-y)

Derived from the active participle of بَنَى (banā, “to build, to erect, to construct”).

Noun

بَانٍ • (bānin) m (construct state بَانِي (bānī), dual بَانِيَانِ (bāniyāni), plural بَانُونَ (bānūna) or بُنَاة (bunāh), feminine بَانِيَة (bāniya))

2. builder

Declension

Declension of noun بَانٍ (bānin)

Singular	Masculine			Feminine
	singular triptote in ـٍ (-in)			singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَانِي bānī	الْبَانِي al-bānī	بَانِي bānī	بَانِيَة bāniya	الْبَانِيَة al-bāniya	بَانِيَة bāniyat
Nominative	بَانٍ bānin	الْبَانِي al-bānī	بَانِي bānī	بَانِيَةٌ bāniyatun	الْبَانِيَةُ al-bāniyatu	بَانِيَةُ bāniyatu
Accusative	بَانِيًا bāniyan	الْبَانِيَ al-bāniya	بَانِيَ bāniya	بَانِيَةً bāniyatan	الْبَانِيَةَ al-bāniyata	بَانِيَةَ bāniyata
Genitive	بَانٍ bānin	الْبَانِي al-bānī	بَانِي bānī	بَانِيَةٍ bāniyatin	الْبَانِيَةِ al-bāniyati	بَانِيَةِ bāniyati
Dual	Masculine			Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَانِيَيْن bāniyayn	الْبَانِيَيْن al-bāniyayn	بَانِيَيْ bāniyay	بَانِيَتَيْن bāniyatayn	الْبَانِيَتَيْن al-bāniyatayn	بَانِيَتَيْ bāniyatay
Nominative	بَانِيَانِ bāniyāni	الْبَانِيَانِ al-bāniyāni	بَانِيَا bāniyā	بَانِيَتَانِ bāniyatāni	الْبَانِيَتَانِ al-bāniyatāni	بَانِيَتَا bāniyatā
Accusative	بَانِيَيْنِ bāniyayni	الْبَانِيَيْنِ al-bāniyayni	بَانِيَيْ bāniyay	بَانِيَتَيْنِ bāniyatayni	الْبَانِيَتَيْنِ al-bāniyatayni	بَانِيَتَيْ bāniyatay
Genitive	بَانِيَيْنِ bāniyayni	الْبَانِيَيْنِ al-bāniyayni	بَانِيَيْ bāniyay	بَانِيَتَيْنِ bāniyatayni	الْبَانِيَتَيْنِ al-bāniyatayni	بَانِيَتَيْ bāniyatay
Plural	Masculine			Feminine
	sound masculine plural‎; broken plural triptote in ـَاة (-āh)			sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَانِين‎; بُنَاة bānīn‎; bunāt	الْبَانِين‎; الْبُنَاة al-bānīn‎; al-bunāt	بَانِي‎; بُنَاة bānī‎; bunāt	بَانِيَات bāniyāt	الْبَانِيَات al-bāniyāt	بَانِيَات bāniyāt
Nominative	بَانُونَ‎; بُنَاةٌ bānūna‎; bunātun	الْبَانُونَ‎; الْبُنَاةُ al-bānūna‎; al-bunātu	بَانُو‎; بُنَاةُ bānū‎; bunātu	بَانِيَاتٌ bāniyātun	الْبَانِيَاتُ al-bāniyātu	بَانِيَاتُ bāniyātu
Accusative	بَانِينَ‎; بُنَاةً bānīna‎; bunātan	الْبَانِينَ‎; الْبُنَاةَ al-bānīna‎; al-bunāta	بَانِي‎; بُنَاةَ bānī‎; bunāta	بَانِيَاتٍ bāniyātin	الْبَانِيَاتِ al-bāniyāti	بَانِيَاتِ bāniyāti
Genitive	بَانِينَ‎; بُنَاةٍ bānīna‎; bunātin	الْبَانِينَ‎; الْبُنَاةِ al-bānīna‎; al-bunāti	بَانِي‎; بُنَاةِ bānī‎; bunāti	بَانِيَاتٍ bāniyātin	الْبَانِيَاتِ al-bāniyāti	بَانِيَاتِ bāniyāti

Synonyms

• بَنَّاء (bannāʔ)

Etymology 3

From ب و ن (b-w-n), as also بَنَان (banān, “finger”), a reference to the fruit or branch shape, known for their elegance in Arabic poetry.

Noun

بَان • (bān) m (collective, singulative بَانَة f (bāna))

2. ben tree, horseradish tree (the Moringa oleifera of Arabia and India, which produces oil of ben)
   • a. 1283, Abū Yahyā Zakariyāʾ ibn Muhammad al-Qazwīnīy, edited by Ferdinand Wüstenfeld, عجائب المخلوقات وغرائب الموجودات [ʿajāʾib al-maḵlūqāt wa-ḡarāʾib al-mawjūdāt]‎^[1], Göttingen: Verlag der Dieterichschen Buchhandlung, published 1849, page 249:

     بان شجرة معروفة لها ثمرة حبّها أكبر من الحمص مائل إلى البياض طيب الرائحة وله لبّ دهني قال الشيخ الرئيس إنه ينفع من البرص والكلف والبهق وآثار القروح وينفع من الثآليل أيضا في المراهم وطبخه ينفع من وجع الأسنان مضمضة وقال غيره ينفع من الجرب ويقطع الرعاف.

     The ben is a well-known tree with a fruit the grains of which are larger than chickpeas with a tendency towards white and a nice smell and an oily pulp about which Šayḵ ar-Raʾīs says that it helps against leprosy and melasmata and vitiligo and traces of ulcers and it helps against warts, too, and the salves and decocts applied by bandage are useful against toothache, and another author said it relives scabies and staunches nosebleed.

4. Egyptian willow (Salix aegyptiaca L.)

Declension

Declension of noun بَان (bān)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَان bān	الْبَان al-bān	بَان bān
Nominative	بَانٌ bānun	الْبَانُ al-bānu	بَانُ bānu
Accusative	بَانًا bānan	الْبَانَ al-bāna	بَانَ bāna
Genitive	بَانٍ bānin	الْبَانِ al-bāni	بَانِ bāni
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَانَة bāna	الْبَانَة al-bāna	بَانَة bānat
Nominative	بَانَةٌ bānatun	الْبَانَةُ al-bānatu	بَانَةُ bānatu
Accusative	بَانَةً bānatan	الْبَانَةَ al-bānata	بَانَةَ bānata
Genitive	بَانَةٍ bānatin	الْبَانَةِ al-bānati	بَانَةِ bānati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَانَتَيْن bānatayn	الْبَانَتَيْن al-bānatayn	بَانَتَيْ bānatay
Nominative	بَانَتَانِ bānatāni	الْبَانَتَانِ al-bānatāni	بَانَتَا bānatā
Accusative	بَانَتَيْنِ bānatayni	الْبَانَتَيْنِ al-bānatayni	بَانَتَيْ bānatay
Genitive	بَانَتَيْنِ bānatayni	الْبَانَتَيْنِ al-bānatayni	بَانَتَيْ bānatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَانَات bānāt	الْبَانَات al-bānāt	بَانَات bānāt
Nominative	بَانَاتٌ bānātun	الْبَانَاتُ al-bānātu	بَانَاتُ bānātu
Accusative	بَانَاتٍ bānātin	الْبَانَاتِ al-bānāti	بَانَاتِ bānāti
Genitive	بَانَاتٍ bānātin	الْبَانَاتِ al-bānāti	بَانَاتِ bānāti

Etymology 4

From Ottoman Turkish بان (ban), from Proto-Slavic *banъ.

Noun

بَان • (bān) m

2. ban, a title in the Southeastern Europe

Declension

Declension of noun بَان (bān)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَان bān	الْبَان al-bān	بَان bān
Nominative	بَانٌ bānun	الْبَانُ al-bānu	بَانُ bānu
Accusative	بَانًا bānan	الْبَانَ al-bāna	بَانَ bāna
Genitive	بَانٍ bānin	الْبَانِ al-bāni	بَانِ bāni

Declension of noun بَان (bān)

Singular	basic singular diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	—	بَان bān	—
Nominative	—	بَانُ bānu	—
Accusative	—	بَانَ bāna	—
Genitive	—	بَانَ bāna	—

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *banъ.

Noun

بان • (ban)

2. ban (title)

Descendants

• Turkish: ban
• → Arabic: بَان (bān)

Etymology 2

From Persian بان (bân).

Noun

بان • (-ban)

2. (in compounds) keeper, tender, ward

Etymology 3

From Arabic بَان (bān).

Noun

بان • (ban)

2. ben tree, horseradish tree (the Moringa oleifera of Arabia and India, which produces oil of ben)
4. Egyptian willow (Salix aegyptiaca L.)

Descendants

• Turkish: ban

Etymology 4

From earlier باك, باڭ (bañ), from Persian بنگ (bang, “henbane”).

Noun

بان • (ban)

2. henbane (Hyoscyamus gen. et spp.)

Descendants

• Turkish: ban

Persian

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [bɑːn]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑːn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑːn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bɑːn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bɔːn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bɒːn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bɔn]

Readings
Classical reading?	bān
Dari reading?	bān
Iranian reading?	bân
Tajik reading?	bon

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (-pʾn' /⁠-bān⁠/, “-keeper, -guard”), ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to protect”). Related to پاییدن (pâyidan). Also compare Old Armenian -պան (-pan).

Noun

بان • (bân)

2. prince, lord, governor, chief

Suffix

Dari	بان
Iranian Persian
Tajik	-бон

بان • (-bân)

2. keeper, guardian

See also

Persian terms suffixed with بان

Etymology 2

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to clothe, wear, put on”). Compare Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀 (vaŋhana), 𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬁𐬥𐬀 (vaŋhāna, “cover”).

Alternative forms

• بام (bâm), بون (bun)

Noun

بان • (bân)

2. roof

Derived terms

• نردبان (nardebân) / نوردبان (navardebân)

Etymology 3

Borrowed from a descendant of Sanskrit बाण (bāṇa).

Noun

بان • (bân)

2. (obsolete) arrow

   Synonym: تیر (tir)

Etymology 4

Noun

بان • (bân)

2. Alternative form of بانگ (bâng, “voice”)

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “بان”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
• Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 349
• Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 521

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ب ي ن
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic بَانَ (bāna).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baːn/, [bæːn]

• Audio (al-Lidd)

  (file)

Verb

بان • (bān) I (present ببان (bibān))

1. to appear (mainly used in proverbs)

   Synonym: بيّن (bayyan)

Conjugation

Conjugation of بان (bān)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	بنت (bint)	بنت (bint)	بان (bān)		بننا (binna)	بنتو (bintu)	بانو (bānu)
	f		بنتي (binti)	بانت (bānat)
present	m	ببان (babān)	بتبان (bitbān)	ببان (bibān)		منبان (minbān)	بتبانو (bitbānu)	ببانو (bibānu)
	f		بتباني (bitbāni)	بتبان (bitbān)
subjunctive	m	ابان (abān)	تبان (tbān)	يبان (ybān)		نبان (nbān)	تبانو (tbānu)	يبانو (ybānu)
	f		تباني (tbāni)	تبان (tbān)
imperative	m		بان (bān)				بانو (bānu)
	f		باني (bāni)

See also

• ابن الحلال عند ذكره ببان (ʔibn il-ḥalāl ʕind zikro bibān, “speak of the devil”)

Torwali

Etymology

From Sanskrit वापन (vāpana, “sowing”).

Noun

بان (bān)

1. meadow, pasture