Translingual edit

Symbol edit

ben

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Bengali.

English edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Middle English ben, bene, from Old English bēn (prayer, request, favor, compulsory service), from Proto-Germanic *bōniz (supplication), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (to say). Related to ban. More at boon.

Alternative forms edit

Noun edit

ben (plural bens)

  1. (obsolete) A prayer; a petition.

Etymology 2 edit

From Middle English ben, bene, variation of bin, binne (within), from Old English binnan (within, in, inside of, into), equivalent to be- +‎ in.

Preposition edit

ben

  1. (Scotland, Northern England) In, into.
    • 2008, James Kelman, Kieron Smith, Boy, Penguin, published 2009, page 32:
      And he was waving to me to creep in, so I just did and then just to skip ben the front and then in the lobby.

Adverb edit

ben (not comparable)

  1. (Scotland, Northern England) Inside.

Adjective edit

ben (comparative benner, superlative benmost)

  1. Inner, interior.
Derived terms edit

Noun edit

ben (plural bens)

  1. (Scotland, Northern England) Ben-room: The inner room of a two-room hut or shack (as opposed to the but).
Derived terms edit
References edit

Etymology 3 edit

From Middle English been, from Old French and Medieval Latin, probably from a North African pronunciation of Arabic بَان (bān, ben tree).

Noun edit

ben (plural bens)

  1. A tree, Moringa oleifera or horseradish tree of Arabia and India, which produces oil of ben.
  2. The winged seed of the ben tree.
  3. The oil of the ben seed.
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Translations edit

Etymology 4 edit

From Arabic بِن (bin) and Hebrew בן (ben, son).

Alternative forms edit

Noun edit

ben (uncountable)

  1. (usually capitalised) Son of (used with Hebrew and Arabic surnames).
Derived terms edit
Translations edit

Etymology 5 edit

Borrowed from Scots ben, benn, from Scottish Gaelic beinn.

Noun edit

ben (plural bens)

  1. A Scottish or Irish mountain or high peak.
Derived terms edit

Etymology 6 edit

UK C16. Probably from Latin bene or Italian bene.

Adjective edit

ben (comparative benar, superlative benat)

  1. (obsolete, UK, thieves' cant) Alternative spelling of bene; good.
    • 1611, Thomas Middleton, The Roaring Girle[2]:
      A gage of ben Rom-bouse, / In a bousing-ken of Rom-vile, / Is benar than a Caster, / Pecke, pennam, lay, or popler, / Which we mill in deuse a vile.
      [paraphrase] A pot of good wine, / In a pub of London, / Is better than a cloak, / Meat, bread, milk, or porridge, / Which we steal in the countryside.
Derived terms edit

Etymology 7 edit

Shortening.

Noun edit

ben (plural bens)

  1. (UK, theater, slang, obsolete) A benefit (performance to raise funds).
    • year?, The Catholic Literary Circular (page 75)
      In the Chronicles of the Stage, some curious particulars are given relating to Sir Henry Herbert and the well-known Sir William Davidson, by which we learn, amongst other things, that a “ben” or benefit at Drury Lane, two centuries ago, was worth a hundred pounds.
References edit
  • John Camden Hotten (1873) The Slang Dictionary

See also edit

Anagrams edit

Amele edit

Adjective edit

ben

  1. big

Noun edit

ben

  1. a big thing

References edit

  • Pavol Štekauer, Salvador Valera, Lívia Kőrtvélyessy, Word-Formation in the World's Languages: A Typological Survey (2012)

Berbice Creole Dutch edit

Noun edit

ben

  1. bean

References edit

Catalan edit

Pronunciation edit

Adverb edit

ben

  1. Alternative form of
    Porteu un vestit ben bonic.Wear a very pretty dress.
    Demà al matí ben d'hora m'aixeco i viatjo a Milan.Tomorrow morning quite early I'll get up and travel to Milan.

Usage notes edit

  • The form ben is used when it precedes the adjective, adverb or verb form that it modifies, and is used in all other cases.

Cimbrian edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Middle High German wenne, wanne, from Old High German hwenne, hwanne, from Proto-West Germanic *hwannā, from *hwan, from Proto-Germanic *hwan (when). Cognate with German wenn, wann, English when. Doublet of benn (adverb), from the same Middle High German source.

Conjunction edit

ben

  1. (Luserna) when
    Khåntamar khön ben 'z tüata offe di pinakotèk?Can you tell me when the art gallery opens?

References edit

Corsican edit

Etymology edit

From (well).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ben m

  1. deceased

Adverb edit

ben

  1. Alternative form of

References edit

Danish edit

Etymology edit

From Old Norse bein (bone, leg), from Proto-Germanic *bainą, cognate with English bone, German Bein.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /beːˀn/, [ˈb̥eˀn]

Noun edit

ben n (singular definite benet, plural indefinite ben)

  1. leg (a limb of a human or an animal used for walking; also, by analogy, the legs of a desk or a chair)
    Synonym: pusselanke (childish; joking)
  2. bone (any part of the skeleton)
  3. sinecure (a position that requires little to no work but still gives an ample payment; a cushy job.)

Declension edit

References edit

Domari edit

Etymology edit

From Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀩𑀳𑀺𑀡𑀻 (bahiṇī), from Sanskrit भगिनी (bhaginī). Cognate with Hindi बहन (bahan).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ben f

  1. sister

References edit

  • Matras, Yaron (2012) A Grammar of Domari (Mouton Grammar Library)‎[3], Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 65

Dutch edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Dutch bim, from Proto-Germanic *beuną.

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

ben

  1. first-person singular present indicative of zijn
  2. (dialectal) imperative of zijn

Usage notes edit

Ben, as an imperative, is considered non-standard, the standard form being wees.

Synonyms edit

Descendants edit

  • Skepi Creole Dutch: ben

References edit

Faroese edit

Etymology edit

From Old Norse ben, from Proto-Germanic *banjō.

Noun edit

ben n (genitive singular bens, plural ben)

  1. wound

Declension edit

Declension of ben
n3 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative ben benið ben benini
accusative ben benið ben benini
dative beni beninum benum benunum
genitive bens bensins bena benanna
Declension of ben
n22 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative ben benið ben benini
accusative ben benið ben benini
dative beni beninum benjum, benum benjunum, benunum
genitive bens bensins benja benjanna

Noun edit

ben f (genitive singular benjar, plural benjar)

  1. wound

Declension edit

f8 Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative ben benin benjar benjarnar
Accusative ben benina benjar benjarnar
Dative ben benini benjum benjunum
Genitive benjar benjarinnar benja benjanna


Derived terms edit

French edit

Etymology 1 edit

Alternative form of bien

Pronunciation edit

Interjection edit

ben

  1. (informal) Well; uh
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

Clipping of bénard.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ben m (plural bens)

  1. (slang) pants, trousers

Further reading edit

Friulian edit

Etymology edit

From Latin bene.

Adverb edit

ben

  1. well
  2. properly, nicely

Antonyms edit

Noun edit

ben

  1. good

Related terms edit

Galician edit

Etymology edit

From Old Galician-Portuguese ben, from Latin bene.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ben m (plural bens)

  1. benefit; welfare
    Synonym: beneficio
  2. (in the plural) goods
  3. good (the forces that are the enemy of evil)
    Antonym: mal

Related terms edit

Adverb edit

ben

  1. well
    Antonym: mal
    Ben feito!Well done!
  2. very; a lot; enough
    Eche un rapaz ben espilido!He's a very smart young man!
    • 1473, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 29:
      cando se ganou dos mouros a grande batalla da figeira en donde tamen perdin e me mataron o cabalo e eu sahin ben librado enpero ben ferido de hua saetada enno braço dereito que non a vin curada fasta pasados ben tres meses
      when the great Battle of the Figtree was won to the Moors, where I also lost —and they killed— my horse and I got out safe but badly injured of an arrow shot in the right arm, wound that I saw not cured until more than three months later
  3. (followed by de or a contraction of de) a lot (of)
    Bótalle ben de zucre, sen medo!Add a lot of sugar, don't be shy!
  4. plus, or more, upwards
    • c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 174:
      Et durou a guerra dessa uez ontre elles bem dous ãnos, fazendosse todauia muyto mal os hũus aos outros, de guisa que, ante que sse aquella contenda fijnse, morrerõ y muytos
      And the war between them lasted that time for two years plus, making in every way a lot of harm the ones to the others, in wise that, before that conflict had ended, many died there

Related terms edit

References edit

  • ben” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • ben” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • ben” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Interlingua edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Italian bene, French bien, Spanish bien and Portuguese bem.

Pronunciation edit

Adverb edit

ben (comparative melio, superlative le melio)

  1. well

Derived terms edit

Istriot edit

Etymology edit

From Latin bene.

Adverb edit

ben

  1. well

Italian edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈbɛn/
  • Hyphenation: bèn

Adverb edit

ben (apocopated)

  1. Apocopic form of bene
    ben fattowell done

Derived terms edit

Japanese edit

Romanization edit

ben

  1. Rōmaji transcription of べん

Kabuverdianu edit

Etymology edit

From Portuguese vir and Spanish venir .

Verb edit

ben

  1. to come

Ladin edit

Etymology edit

From Latin bene.

Adverb edit

ben (comparative miec)

  1. well
  2. properly

Noun edit

ben m (plural bens)

  1. (especially in the plural) goods, property

Lombard edit

Etymology edit

Akin to Italian bene, from Latin.

Adverb edit

ben

  1. well

Mandarin edit

Romanization edit

ben

  1. Nonstandard spelling of bēn.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of běn.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of bèn.

Usage notes edit

  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Manx edit

Etymology edit

From Old Irish ben, from Proto-Celtic *benā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ben f (genitive singular mreih, plural mraane)

  1. woman

Mutation edit

Manx mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
ben ven men
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References edit

Middle English edit

Verb edit

ben

  1. Alternative form of been

References edit

Northern Kurdish edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ben ?

  1. string, rope

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

Norwegian Bokmål edit

 
Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology edit

From Danish ben, from Old Norse bein, from Proto-Germanic *bainą.

Noun edit

ben n (definite singular benet, indefinite plural ben, definite plural bena or benene)

  1. a leg
  2. a bone

Alternative forms edit

Derived terms edit

References edit

Occitan edit

Etymology edit

From Old Occitan ben, from Latin bene.

Pronunciation edit

Adverb edit

ben

  1. well

Derived terms edit

Noun edit

ben m (plural bens)

  1. good, possession

Old Dutch edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Germanic *bainą.

Noun edit

bēn n

  1. leg
  2. bone

Inflection edit

Descendants edit

Further reading edit

  • bēn”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old English edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Germanic *bōniz. Cognate with Old Norse bón.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

bēn f (nominative plural bēne or bēna)

  1. prayer, praying
  2. request, entreaty
  3. boon
    • late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Basilius, Bishop"
      Bide nu æt gode þæt ic grecisc cunne. Þa cwæþ se biscop him to, þu bæde ofer mine mæðe ac uton swa þeah biddan þas bena æt gode.
      Pray now to God that I may know Greek. Pray now to God that I may know Greek. Then said the Bishop to him, 'Thou hast asked beyond my power, but let us, nevertheless, ask this boon of God.'
Declension edit
Descendants edit

Etymology 2 edit

From Proto-Germanic *banjō. Cognate with Old Norse ben.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ben f

  1. Alternative form of benn

Old French edit

Adverb edit

ben

  1. (Anglo-Norman) Alternative form of bien

Old Frisian edit

 
Ēn bēn (1).
 
Ēn bēn (2).

Etymology edit

From Proto-West Germanic *bain, from Proto-Germanic *bainą. Cognates include Old English bān, Old Saxon bēn and Old Dutch bēn.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈbeːn/, [ˈbɛːn]

Noun edit

bēn n

  1. bone
  2. leg

Descendants edit

References edit

  • Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

Old Irish edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Celtic *benā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn.

Noun edit

ben f (genitive mná, nominative plural mná)

  1. woman
    Synonyms: banscál, , frac
  2. wife
    Synonym: séitig
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 22c10
      Is bés trá dosom aní-siu cosc inna mban i tossug et a tabairt fo chumacte a feir, armbat irlamu de ind ḟir fo chumacte Dǽi, co·mbí íarum coscitir ind ḟir et do·airbertar fo réir Dǽ.
      This, then, is a custom of his, to correct the wives at first and to bring them under the power of their husbands, so that the husbands may be the readier under God’s power, so that afterwards the husbands are corrected and bowed down in subjection to God.
Inflection edit
Feminine irregular
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ben mnaí mná
Vocative ben mnaí mná
Accusative bein, mnaí mnaí mná
Genitive mná ban ban
Dative mnaí mnáib mnáib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit

Etymology 2 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb edit

·ben

  1. third-person singular present indicative conjunct of benaid

Verb edit

ben

  1. second-person singular imperative of benaid

Mutation edit

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
ben ben
pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/
mben
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading edit

Old Norse edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Germanic *banjō.

Noun edit

ben f (genitive benjar, plural benjar)

  1. mortal wound
  2. small bleeding wound

ben n

  1. wound

Declension edit

Related terms edit

  • bani m (bane)
  • benja (to wound mortally)

References edit

  • ben”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Occitan edit

Etymology edit

From Latin bene.

Adjective edit

ben

  1. well

Descendants edit

References edit

Old Saxon edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-West Germanic *bain.

Noun edit

bēn n

  1. bone

Descendants edit

Old Swedish edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Old Norse bein, from Proto-Germanic *bainą.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

bēn n

  1. bone
  2. leg

Declension edit

Descendants edit

Scots edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Old English binnan.

Noun edit

ben (plural bens)

  1. The inner room of a two-room hut or shack (as opposed to the but).

Adjective edit

ben (comparative benner, superlative benmaist)

  1. Inner, interior.

Preposition edit

ben

  1. Through, in, into, inside (a dwelling).
    A gaed ben the chaumer.
    Come awah ben, hen.

Etymology 2 edit

Borrowed from Scottish Gaelic beinn.

Noun edit

ben (plural bens)

  1. mountain, hill

Serbo-Croatian edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish بك (beñ).

Noun edit

ben m (Cyrillic spelling бен)

  1. (regional) birthmark, mole, naevus
    Synonym: madež

Further reading edit

  • ben” in Hrvatski jezični portal
  • ben” in Hrvatski jezični portal
  • ben” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Sranan Tongo edit

Etymology edit

From English been.

Particle edit

ben

  1. Verbal marker for the past tense.

Usage notes edit

This marker can be combined with the markers sa or o for the future tense and e for the progressive aspect, in which case the order, if all are used, is that of ben sa/o e. Some examples:

  • mi ben waka: “I had walked”.
  • mi ben e waka: “I was walking”.
  • mi ben sa waka: “I would walk”.
  • mi ben sa e waka: “I would have been walking”.

Derived terms edit

Swedish edit

Etymology edit

From Old Swedish bēn, from Old Norse bein, from Proto-Germanic *bainą.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ben n

  1. (anatomy) leg; a body part
  2. leg; part of trousers which covers the legs
  3. the part of a piece furniture on which it stands
  4. (anatomy) bone; any of the components of an endoskeleton
  5. (anatomy) bone; the material of the endoskeleton

Declension edit

Declension of ben 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative ben benet ben benen
Genitive bens benets bens benens

Related terms edit

References edit

Turkish edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /bɛn/, /bæn/
  • Hyphenation: ben

Etymology 1 edit

From Ottoman Turkish بن (ben, I), from Proto-Turkic *ben (I).[1][2]

Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰢𐰤 (mn² /⁠men⁠/), 𐰋𐰤 (b²n² /⁠ben⁠/, I), Karakhanid مَنْ (men, I), Azerbaijani mən, Bashkir мин (min), Chuvash эпӗ (ep̬ĕ), Kazakh мен (men), Kyrgyz мен (men), Turkmen men.

Possibly related to Mongolian би (bi, I), Manchu ᠪᡳ (bi, I) (however, the Altaic family theory is now only supported by a minority of scholars).[3]

Pronoun edit

ben

  1. I, me
Usage notes edit
  • It is one of the two words that has irregular dative case declension. (The other one is "sen").
  • It is one of the two words that has irregular genitive case declension. (The other one is "biz").
Declension edit
See also edit

Noun edit

ben (definite accusative beni, plural biz)

  1. (psychology) ego

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

From Ottoman Turkish بك (beñ, mole), from Proto-Turkic *beŋ (mole on the face).[4]

Cognate with Bashkir миң (miñ), Kyrgyz мең (meŋ), Kazakh мең (meñ) Turkmen meň, Yakut мэҥ (meñ).

Also compare Mongolian мэнгэ (menge, mole, birthmark). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Noun edit

ben (definite accusative beni, plural benler)

  1. birthmark, mole
Declension edit
Inflection
Nominative ben
Definite accusative beni
Singular Plural
Nominative ben benler
Definite accusative beni benleri
Dative bene benlere
Locative bende benlerde
Ablative benden benlerden
Genitive benin benlerin
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*bẹ-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  2. ^ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “ben”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
  3. ^ Janhunen, Juha (2013), “Personal pronouns in Core Altaic”, in Martine Irma Robbeets, editor, Shared Grammaticalization: With Special Focus on the Transeurasian Languages[1], page 221; republished as Hubert Cuyckens, editor,, (please provide a date or year)
  4. ^ Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*beŋ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

Venetian edit

Etymology edit

From Latin bene.

Adverb edit

ben

  1. well

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

Vietnamese edit

Etymology edit

From French benne.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

(classifier xe) ben

  1. dump truck

See also edit

Derived terms

Volapük edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Latin bene.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ben (nominative plural bens)

  1. (sense of) well-being, welfare, being well, wellness

Declension edit

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

Welsh edit

Pronunciation edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Middle Welsh benn, from Proto-Celtic *bend(n)ā (whence Latin benna), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (to bind).

Noun edit

ben f (plural benni)

  1. (transport, archaic) cart, wagon
Synonyms edit

Mutation edit

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
ben fen men unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Etymology 2 edit

Noun edit

ben

  1. Soft mutation of pen (head).

Mutation edit

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
pen ben mhen phen
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.