इ

See also: ड, ड़, and ङ

इ U+0907, इ DEVANAGARI LETTER I ← आ [U+0906] Devanagari ई → [U+0908]

Translingual

Stroke order

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i/, /ɪ/ (may vary by language)

Letter

इ (i)

1. a vowel of the Devanagari script

Usage notes

• Its matra, used to modify the inherent vowel in a consonant is written ि. For example the first consonant क with the matra looks like: कि. The matra should appear before the consonant it modifies, though it is pronounced after.

Derived terms

• ि

Dhivehi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [i]

Letter

इ • (i)

1. The third vowel in Dhivehi, written in Devanagari script

Hindi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɪ/, /i/
• IPA^(key): /iː/ (at the end of words)

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

इ • (i)

1. the third vowel in Hindi

See also

• (matra): ि (i)

• Devanagari script letters: अ, आ, इ, ई, उ, ऊ, ऋ, ए, ऐ, ओ, औ, अं, अः, अँ, क, ख, ग, घ, ङ, च, छ, ज, झ, ञ, ट, ठ, ड, ढ, ण, त, थ, द, ध, न, प, फ, ब, भ, म, य, र, ल, व, श, ष, स, ह, त्र, ज्ञ, क्ष, क़, ख़, ग़, ज़, झ़, ड़, ढ़, फ़ ^[edit]

Marathi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i/

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

इ • (i)

1. The third vowel in Marathi.

Nepali

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [i]
• Phonetic Devanagari: इ

• Audio:

  (file)

Letter

इ • (i)

1. The third vowel in Nepali.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ই (Assamese script)
• ᬇ (Balinese script)
• ই (Bengali script)
• 𑰂 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀇 (Brahmi script)
• ဣ (Burmese script)
• ઇ (Gujarati script)
• ਇ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌇 (Grantha script)
• ꦆ (Javanese script)
• 𑂅 (Kaithi script)
• ಇ (Kannada script)
• ឥ (Khmer script)
• ອິ (Lao script)
• ഇ (Malayalam script)
• ᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘂 (Modi script)
• ᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦢 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐂 (Newa script)
• ଇ (Odia script)
• ꢄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆅 (Sharada script)
• 𑖂 (Siddham script)
• ඉ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚂 (Takri script)
• இ (Tamil script)
• ఇ (Telugu script)
• อิ (Thai script)
• ཨི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒃 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /i/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /i/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hay-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey-. Cognate with Ancient Greek εἶμι (eîmi, “I go”), Mycenaean Greek 𐀂𐀍𐀳 (i-jo-te), Old Persian 𐎠𐎡𐎫𐎡𐎹 (aitiy, “goes”), Luwian 𒄿𒋾 (i-ti /⁠iti, idi⁠/, “goes”), Hittite 𒄿𒄿𒀀𒀜𒋫 (i-ya-at-ta /⁠iyatta⁠/, “goes”), Old Church Slavonic ити (iti), Lithuanian eiti, and Latin eo, iter whence English itinerary.

Alternative forms

• अय् (ay), ई (ī)

Root

इ • (i)

1. to go

Usage notes

The aorist is normally supplied by the root गा (gā): अगात् (ágāt).

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root इ (0 c, 15 e)

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root इ (23 c, 0 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

• एति (éti) (Present)
• अयति (áyati) (Present)
• एष्यति (eṣyáti) (Future)
• अयिष्यति (ayiṣyáti) (Future)
• एता (etā́) (Periphrastic Future)
• ईयात् (īyāt) (Benedictive)
• इयाय (iyā́ya) (Perfect)

Secondary Forms

• ईयते (ī́yate) (Passive)
• आययति (āyayati) (Causative)
• ईषिषति (ī́ṣiṣati) (Desiderative)
• ईयते (ī́yate) (Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

• इत (itá) (Past Participle)
• एतुम् (étum) (Infinitive)
• एतवे (étave) (Infinitive)
• एतवै (étavaí) (Infinitive)
• एतोस् (étos) (Infinitive)
• इत्यै (ityaí) (Infinitive)
• इयध्यै (iyádhyai) (Infinitive)
• इत्वा (itvā́) (Gerund)
• इत्य (ítya) (Gerund)
• एतव्य (etavyà) (Gerundive)

Derived Nominal Forms

• अर्थेत् (arthét, “active, hasty”)
• अय (áya, “going”)
• अयन (áyana, “road, path”)
• आय (āyá, “arrival, approach”)
• आयन (ā́yana, “coming, approaching”)
• आयिन् (āyín, “coming or hastening near”)
• आयु (āyú, “living, movable”)
• इत्य (itya, “to be gone to”)
• इत्या (ityā́, “going, stepping”)
• इत्वन् (itvan, “going”)
• इत्वर (itvara, “going, walking”)
• एतृ (etṛ́, “goer, approacher”)
• एम (éma, “course, way”)
• एमन् (éman, “course, way”)
• एव (éva, “going, moving, speedy, quick”)
• एति (éti, “arrival, approach”)
• एत (éta, “come near, approached”)
• एत (éta, “rushing, darting”)
• एनी (enī́, “rushing, darting”)
• एत्य (étya, “having come near”)

Prefixed Root Forms

• अती (atī)
• अन्तरि (antari)
• अन्वि (anvi)
• अधी (adhī, “to turn the mind towards, to mind, know by heart, go over”)
• अपी (apī)
• अपे (ape)
• अभी (abhī)
• अवे (ave)
• उदि (udi)
• उपे (upe)
• ए (e, “come near, approach; reach, attain; submit”)
• निरि (niri)
• नी (nī)
• परी (parī)
• परे (pare)
• प्रती (pratī)
• प्रे (pre, “come forth, appear; begin; proceed, advance; go forwards; go out”)
• वी (vī)
• समि (sami)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *éy. See also अयम् (ayam).

Alternative forms

• अय् (ay)

Particle

इ • (i)

1. base of the nominative and accusative singular dual and plural of the demonstrative pronoun इदम् (idam), ‘this’ or ‘that’

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “इ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 163/2-3.
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 7
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 102-3; 185