令和
|
Chinese edit
make or cause to be; order; command make or cause to be; order; command; decree; honourable |
mix together; peace; harmony mix together; peace; harmony; and; with; union; cap (a poem); respond in singing; soft; warm | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (令和) | 令 | 和 | |
simp. #(令和) | 令 | 和 |
Etymology edit
From Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 令和 (Reiwa).
Pronunciation edit
Proper noun edit
令和
Japanese edit
Etymology edit
From the Literary Chinese foreword by Ōtomo no Tabito to poems 815-846 in the fifth book of the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE). Relevant part of the foreword:
The Man'yōshū passage alludes in turn to a rhapsody written in 138 CE by the Han polymath and statesman Zhang Heng, titled 歸田賦/归田赋 (Guītián Fù, “Return to the Field”).[1] Below is the relevant part of the rhapsody with translation by Liu Wu-chi (1990), with slightly different choices of English for the same Chinese words:
- 於是仲春令月,時和氣清;原隰鬱茂,百草滋榮。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Return to the Field, by Zhang Heng, 138 CE
- Yúshì zhòng chūn lìngyuè, shí hé qì qīng; yuán xí yù mào, bǎicǎo zī róng. [Pinyin]
- Then comes young spring, in a fine month,
When the wind is mild and the air clear.
Plains and swamps are overgrown with verdure
And the hundred grasses become rank and thick.
于是仲春令月,时和气清;原隰郁茂,百草滋荣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
With reference to both contexts, a general understanding of this kanji compound is thus along the lines of "good harmony", though it should be noted that this sense of "good" of the common character 令 (rei) is otherwise very rare.
Pronunciation edit
- (Tokyo) れーわ [réꜜèwà] (Atamadaka – [1])
- (Tokyo) れーわ [rèéwá] (Heiban – [0])
- IPA(key): [ɾe̞ːɰᵝa̠]
Audio (file)
Proper noun edit
- the Reiwa era, 2019-present
Descendants edit
- → English: Reiwa
- → Chinese:
- Mandarin: 令和 (Lìnghé)
- → Korean: 레이와 (Reiwa)
- → Vietnamese: Reiwa, Lệnh Hoà, Lệnh Hòa
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Akihiro Sadake, Hideo Yamada, Isao Kudo, Masao Otani, Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (2017 November 10) “Man'yōshū, part 1”, in Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei [The New Compendium of Classical Japanese Literature] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
Vietnamese edit
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
令 | 和 |
Proper noun edit
令和