Wiktionary

蘭

See also: 兰
蘭 U+862D, 蘭
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-862D
← 蘬
[U+862C] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 蘮 →
[U+862E]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

蘭 (radical 140, 艸+17 in Chinese and Korean, 艸+16 in Japanese, 21 strokes in Chinese in Chinese in traditional Chinese, 21 strokes in Korean, 19 strokes in Japanese, 20 strokes in mainland China, cangjie input 廿日弓田 (TANW), four-corner 44227, composition ⿱艹闌(GHTK) or ⿱艹䦨(J))

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 1070, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32477
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1536, character 24
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3333, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+862D

ChineseEdit

trad. 蘭
simp. 兰*
alternative forms 𬞕 nonstandard simp.

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 蘭
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
   
Characters in the same phonetic series (柬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蘭 *ɡ·raːn
攔 *ɡ·raːn
欄 *ɡ·raːn
瀾 *ɡ·raːn, *ɡ·raːns
讕 *ɡ·raːn, *ɡ·raːnʔ, *ɡ·raːns
闌 *ɡ·raːn
韊 *ɡ·raːn
幱 *ɡ·raːn
籣 *ɡ·raːn
躝 *ɡ·raːn
爛 *ɡ·raːns
爤 *ɡ·raːns
鑭 *ɡ·raːns
糷 *ɡ·raːns
斕 *ɡ·reːn
揀 *kreːnʔ, *ɡ·reːns
柬 *kreːnʔ
暕 *kreːnʔ
諫 *kraːns
練 *ɡ·reːns
鍊 *ɡ·reːns
煉 *ɡ·reːns
楝 *ɡ·reːns
萰 *ɡ·reːns
堜 *ɡ·reːns
湅 *ɡ·reːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡ·raːn): semantic 艹 (“plant”) + phonetic 闌 (OC *ɡ·raːn).

PronunciationEdit

Rime
Character 蘭
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 落干切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lɑn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/lɑn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/lɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lan/
Li
Rong 		/lɑn/
Wang
Li 		/lɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/lɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		laan4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 蘭
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		lán
Middle
Chinese 		‹ lan ›
Old
Chinese 		/*k.rˁan/
English orchid

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蘭
Reading # 1/1
No. 6119
Phonetic
component 		柬
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		蘭
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡ·raːn/

DefinitionsEdit

蘭

  1. orchid, especially cymbidium
  2. Eupatorium fortunei
  3. Used in the names of other plants that are fragrant or share morphological similarities with orchids or Eupatorium fortunei
    米仔蘭 / 米仔兰  ―  mǐzǐlán  ―  Aglaia odorata
    木蘭 / 木兰  ―  mùlán  ―  Magnolia liliiflora
    吊蘭 / 吊兰  ―  diàolán  ―  Chlorophytum comosum
    蟹爪蘭 / 蟹爪兰  ―  xièzhǎolán  ―  Schlumbergera truncata
  4. elegant; graceful
  5. Short for 蘭州／兰州 (Lánzhōu, “Lanzhou”).
  6. A surname​.

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 蘭

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

蘭

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. Eupatorium fortunei
  2. orchid
  3. aromatic, fragrant
  4. government office that handles documents
  5. kanji used to transliterate borrowings from foreign languages, especially Buddhist terms from Sanskrit
  6. Short for 阿蘭陀, 和蘭, 和蘭陀 (Oranda): Holland, the Netherlands

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

Etymology 1Edit

 
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Kanji in this term
蘭
らん
Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 蘭 (MC lɑn).

Compare modern Mandarin 蘭 (lán).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

蘭(らん) • (ran) 

  1. an orchid
  2. a style of 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”), featuring designs of orchid flowers and/or leaves
  3. (archaic) Synonym of 藤袴 (fujibakama): Eupatorium fortunei, a type of flower of the family Asteraceae
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

Proper nounEdit

蘭(らん) • (Ran) 

  1. Short for 阿蘭陀, 和蘭, 和蘭陀 (Oranda): Holland, the Netherlands, Dutch
  2. a female given name
  3. a surname
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
蘭
らに
Jinmeiyō
Irregular

/ran/ → /rani/

Shift from ran above.

Compare 縁 (en → eni, “destiny, fate”) and 銭 (zen → zeni, “coin”), with similar shifts.

NounEdit

蘭(らに) • (rani) 

  1. (archaic) Synonym of 藤袴 (fujibakama): Eupatorium fortunei, a type of flower of the family Asteraceae

Etymology 3Edit

Kanji in this term
蘭
あららぎ
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese, first attested in the Nihon Shoki (720 C.E.).[2]

Any further derivation is unclear. Speculative possibilities include:

  • The initial ara- may be cognate with 荒い (arai, “rough; wild”). The final -ragi is unknown, however.
  • Alternatively, the initial arara- may be cognate with 荒らか (araraka, “rough; wild”). The final -gi may be cognate with 木 (ki, “tree”), perhaps in reference to the way the plant's stalk rises straight and tall.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

蘭(あららぎ) • (araragi) 

  1. Synonym of 一位 (ichii): Taxus cuspidata, the Japanese yew
  2. (archaic) Synonym of 野蒜 (nobiru): Allium macrostemon, a species of wild onion
Derived termsEdit

Proper nounEdit

蘭(あららぎ) • (Araragi) 

  1. a surname

ReferencesEdit

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  3. ^ Minamoto, Shitagō; Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

蘭 (eumhun 란초 란 (rancho ran), South Korea 란초 난 (rancho nan))

  1. Hanja form? of 란 (“orchid”).

蘭 (eumhun 난초 란 (nancho ran), South Korea 난초 난 (nancho nan))

  1. Hanja form? of 난 (“orchid (South Korea)”).

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

蘭: Hán Nôm readings: lan, lơn

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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