氣
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TranslingualEdit
| Traditional | 氣 |
|---|---|
| Shinjitai | 気 |
| Simplified | 气 |
Han characterEdit
氣 (Kangxi radical 84, 气+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人弓火木 (ONFD), four-corner 80917, composition ⿹气米)
Derived charactersEdit
- 㑶, 𠺪, 𡦎, 愾, 𭡾, 滊, 暣, 熂, 犔, 𦞝, 𥎃, 𧜃, 𧎵, 𧤟, 𧪢, 𧱲, 𧹵, 𮠼, 𣱬, 鎎, 𬂕, 靝, 餼, 𩥀, 𪸃, 𪒉, 霼, 𪖴, 𫨥, 𤅴
- 𣯘, 𩘞, 𭯴, 𭯵, 𣱯, 𫉀, 𥧔, 𧏨, 𧜚, 𡈏, 𮕇, 𣀽
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 599, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17059
- Dae Jaweon: page 990, character 26
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2011, character 14
- Unihan data for U+6C23
ChineseEdit
| trad. | 氣 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 气* | |
| alternative forms | ||
Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 氣 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kʰɯds, *qʰɯds): phonetic 气 (OC *kʰɯds) + semantic 米 (“rice”) – to give rice as a gift.
Later borrowed meanings of “air, flow” from 气 (OC *kʰɯds). The derivative 餼 (OC *qʰɯds) refers to the original word. Compare 乞 (OC *kʰɯds, *kʰɯd).
Pronunciation 1Edit
DefinitionsEdit
氣
- gas (matter in an intermediate state between liquid and plasma)
- (meteorology) air
- breath (Classifier: 口 m; 股 m; 啖 c)
- (Chinese philosophy, traditional Chinese medicine) qi; vital energy; life force
- weather
- smell; odour
- anger
- to be angry
- to make angry; to annoy; to anger; to enrage
- quality; character; spirit; mettle
- vitality; vigor; morale; spirit
- bad habit; bad practice
- a surname: Qi
SynonymsEdit
- (smell):
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 氣息, 臭味, 氣 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 味兒 |
| Taiwan | 味 | |
| Jinan | 味兒 | |
| Xi'an | 味兒, 味氣 | |
| Wuhan | 氣味, 氣色 | |
| Chengdu | 氣氣, 味道 | |
| Yangzhou | 味道 | |
| Hefei | 味道, 氣味 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 味, 𡃴 |
| Hong Kong | 味, 𡃴 | |
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 𡃴 | |
| Yangjiang | 味, 𡃴 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 氣味 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 味道, 氣味 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 味道, 氣味 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 味道, 氣味 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 味道, 氣味 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 味道, 氣味 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 味道, 氣味 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 味道, 氣味 | |
| Hong Kong | 味 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 味氣 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 味道, 氣色 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 味 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 味, 味素 |
| Quanzhou | 味, 味素 | |
| Zhangzhou | 味 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 味, 味素, 峇羽 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 味, 味素 | |
| Chaozhou | 味, 味素, 羶, 氣味 | |
| Wu | Suzhou | 味道, 氣味 |
| Wenzhou | 氣道 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 氣色, 味道, 氣味 |
| Shuangfeng | 氣色, 氣 | |
- (to be angry):
Synonyms of 氣
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- (vitality):
DescendantsEdit
Pronunciation 2Edit
DefinitionsEdit
氣
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 氣
ReferencesEdit
- “氣”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
JapaneseEdit
| 気 | |
| 氣 |
KanjiEdit
氣
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 気)
ReadingsEdit
Usage notesEdit
Not used in modern Japanese. Replaced by the shinjitai form 気.
KoreanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Chinese 氣 (MC kʰɨiH).
| Historical Readings | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 킝〮 (Yale: khúy) | |
| Middle Korean | ||
| Text | Eumhun | |
| Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] | 긔〮운〮 (Yale: kúywún) | ᄭᅴ〮 (Yale: skúy) |
PronunciationEdit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ki]
- Phonetic hangul: [기]
HanjaEdit
CompoundsEdit
Compounds
- 감기 (感氣, gamgi)
- 경기 (景氣, gyeonggi)
- 공기 (空氣, gonggi)
- 기력 (氣力, giryeok)
- 기류 (氣流, giryu)
- 기백 (氣魄, gibaek)
- 기분 (氣分, gibun)
- 기상 (氣象, gisang)
- 기세 (氣勢, gise)
- 기승 (氣勝, giseung)
- 기압 (氣壓, giap)
- 기온 (氣溫, gion)
- 기운 (氣運, giun)
- 기체 (氣體, giche)
- 기후 (氣候, gihu)
- 대기 (大氣, daegi)
- 분위기 (雰圍氣, bunwigi)
- 생기 (生氣, saenggi)
- 수증기 (水蒸氣, sujeunggi)
- 연기 (煙氣, yeon'gi)
- 오기 (傲氣, ogi)
- 일기 (日氣, ilgi)
- 자기 (磁氣, jagi)
- 전기 (電氣, jeon'gi)
- 절기 (節氣, jeolgi)
- 증기 (蒸氣, jeunggi)
- 토기 (吐氣, togi)
- 향기 (香氣, hyanggi)
- 혈기 (血氣, hyeolgi)
ReferencesEdit
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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