彤

彤 U+5F64, 彤 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F64 ← 彣 [U+5F63] CJK Unified Ideographs 彥 → [U+5F65]

Translingual

Han character

彤 (Kangxi radical 59, 彡+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 月卜竹竹竹 (BYHHH), four-corner 7242₂, composition ⿰丹彡)

Derived characters

• 浵 烿

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 363, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9972
• Dae Jaweon: page 682, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 853, character 2
• Unihan data for U+5F64

Chinese

simp. and trad.		彤

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (彡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
杉	*sreːm
彡	*sroːm, *slom
衫	*sroːm
髟	*priw, *piw, *sroːm
釤	*sraːms
䑣	*l̥ʰun
彤	*l'uːŋ
浵	*l'uːŋ
肜	*luŋ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tóng (tong²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tung⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tông

  (Teochew, Peng'im): tong⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tóng
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tóng
    • Wade–Giles: tʻung²
    • Yale: túng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: torng
    • Palladius: тун (tun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: tung⁴
    • Yale: tùhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tung⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: tung⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tông
    • Tâi-lô: tông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: doong
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /tɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɔŋ¹³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: tong⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thông
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰoŋ⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: downg

Rime
Character	彤
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	冬 (5)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒冬切
Baxter	downg
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/duoŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/duoŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/doŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dawŋ/
Li Rong	/doŋ/
Wang Li	/duoŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱuoŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tóng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tung4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-rˤu[m]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*l'uːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	彤
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tóng
Middle Chinese	‹ downg ›
Old Chinese	/*N-rˁu[m]/ (dialect: *-um > *-uŋ)
English	red
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	彤
Reading #	1/1
No.	11049
Phonetic component	彡
Rime group	終
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	彤
Old Chinese	/*l'uːŋ/

Definitions

彤

1. (literary) red; vermilion

   • 靜女其孌，貽我彤管。彤管有煒，說懌女美。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     静女其娈，贻我彤管。彤管有炜，说怿女美。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Jìngnǚ qí luán, yí wǒ tóngguǎn. Tóngguǎn yǒu wěi, shuō yì nǚ měi. [Pinyin]

     How handsome is the retiring girl! She presented to me a red tube. Bright is the red tube—I delight in the beauty of the girl.

   • 太保太史太宗皆麻冕彤裳。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]

     From: The Book of Documents, circa 7^th – 4^th centuries BCE

     Tàibǎo tàishǐ tàizōng jiē má miǎn tóng cháng. [Pinyin]

     The grand guardian, the grand scribe and the grand master of rites all had hempen state caps and red skirts.

2. a surname

Compounds

• 彤庭
• 彤弓
• 彤管
• 彤管流芳
• 彤管貽／彤管贻
• 彤闈／彤闱
• 彤雲／彤云 (tóngyún)
• 彤霞
• 紅彤彤／红彤彤 (hóngtóngtóng)

 

Japanese

Kanji

彤

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. red
2. vermilion

Readings

• On (unclassified): とう (tō); ず (zu)
• Kun: あかい (akai)

Korean

Hanja

彤 • (dong) (hangeul 동, revised dong, McCune–Reischauer tong, Yale tong)

1. red, vermilion
2. name of an ancient state

Vietnamese

Han character

彤: Hán Nôm readings: đồng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation