Wiktionary

說

See also: 説 and 说
說 U+8AAA, 說
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8AAA
← 誩
[U+8AA9] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 誫 →
[U+8AAB]
說 U+F96F, 說
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F96F
← 葉
[U+F96E] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 殺 →
[U+F970]
說 U+F9A1, 說
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9A1
← 裂
[U+F9A0] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 廉 →
[U+F9A2]

Translingual Edit

Stroke order
 
Traditional 說
Shinjitai 説
Simplified 说

Han character Edit

說 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+7, 14 strokes, cangjie input 卜口金口山 (YRCRU), four-corner 08616, composition ⿰訁兌)

Derived characters Edit

Related characters Edit

References Edit

  • KangXi: page 1164, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35556
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1629, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 6, page 3979, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+8AAA

Chinese Edit

trad. 說/説
simp. 说

Glyph origin Edit

Historical forms of the character 說
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script
   
Characters in the same phonetic series (兌) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
毤 *l̥ʰoːds
蛻 *l'oːds, *l̥ʰoːds, *hljods, *lod, *lod
娧 *l̥ʰoːds, *lod
駾 *l̥ʰoːds
裞 *l̥ʰoːds, *hljods
兌 *l'oːds
綐 *l'oːds
銳 *l'oːds, *lods
帨 *stʰods, *hljods
稅 *hljods
說 *hljods, *hljod, *lod
涚 *hljods
䫄 *rtʰoːd
脫 *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd
侻 *l̥ʰoːd
挩 *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd
莌 *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd
梲 *l̥ʰoːd, *ʔljod, *l̥ʰuːd
鮵 *l'oːd
敓 *l'oːd
痥 *l'oːd
悅 *lod, *lod
閱 *lod

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *hljods, *hljod, *lod): semantic 言 + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds).

Etymology Edit

All of the pronunciations of this character are in the same word family derived from a root *lo meaning “to loosen; to relax” (Schuessler, 2007). STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (“free; release; slip; dislocate”).

Pronunciation 1 is derived by causative devoicing of 悅 (OC *lod, “to relax; to be delighted”) (pronunciation 3).

Pronunciation 2 is probably the exoactive of pronunciation 1.

Pronunciation 1 Edit

Note: шә - dialectal.
Note:
  • seh/serh/soeh - vernacular;
  • soat - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 說
    Reading # 3/3
    Initial (聲) 書 (26)
    Final (韻) 仙 (82)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 失爇切
    Baxter sywet
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɕiuᴇt̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɕʷiɛt̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɕjuæt̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ɕwiat̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɕiuɛt̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɕĭuɛt̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ɕi̯wɛt̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		shuo
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		syut3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 說
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		shuō
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ sywet ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*l̥ot/
    English speak, explain

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 說
    Reading # 2/3
    No. 2571
    Phonetic
    component         		兑
    Rime
    group         		月
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		說
    Old
    Chinese         		/*hljod/

    Definitions Edit

    說

    1. to say; to speak
      說漢語／说汉语  ―  shuō Hànyǔ  ―  speak Chinese
      說話／说话  ―  shuōhuà  ―  to speak
    2. to explain
      把話說清楚／把话说清楚  ―  bǎ huà shuō qīngchǔ  ―  to make it clear
    3. to refer to
      是說你，不是說他。／是说你，不是说他。  ―  Shì shuō nǐ, bùshì shuō tā.  ―  I am talking about you, not them.
    4. to discuss
      沒有好說的。／没有好说的。  ―  Méiyǒu hǎo shuō de.  ―  There is nothing to say.
    5. to introduce; to bring parties together
      說媒／说媒  ―  shuōméi  ―  to act as a matchmaker
    6. to criticize; to scold; to upbraid
      你怎麼天天都說我？ [MSC, trad.]
      你怎么天天都说我？ [MSC, simp.]
      Nǐ zěnme tiāntiān dōu shuō wǒ? [Pinyin]
      Why do you constantly criticize me?
    7. to perform
      說相聲／说相声  ―  shuō xiàngshēng  ―  to perform cross-talk
    8. theory; explanation
      學說／学说  ―  xuéshuō  ―  theory
      假說／假说  ―  jiǎshuō  ―  hypothesis
    Synonyms Edit
    • (to say):
    Dialectal synonyms of 說 (“to say, to speak”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 言, 云, 曰, 道
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 說, 道 literary
    Mandarin Beijing 說
    Taiwan 說, 講
    Tianjin 說
    Jinan 說
    Xi'an 說
    Wuhan 說
    Chengdu 說
    Guilin 講
    Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) 講
    Hefei 講
    Malaysia 說, 講
    Singapore 說, 講
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 說
    Pematangsiantar 講
    Cantonese Guangzhou 講, 話
    Hong Kong 講, 話
    Macau 講, 話
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 講, 話
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 講
    Taishan 話
    Taishan (Guanghai) 講
    Yunfu 話
    Yangjiang 講, 話
    Beihai 講
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 講
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 講
    Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 講
    Danzhou 講
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 講, 話
    Penang (Guangfu) 講, 話
    Singapore (Guangfu) 講, 話
    Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 講
    Móng Cái 講
    Mandalay (Taishan) 講
    Gan Nanchang 話
    Hakka Meixian 講, 話
    Wuhua (Meilin) 講
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 講
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 講
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 講
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 講
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 講
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 講
    Hong Kong 講
    Kuching (Hepo) 講
    Singapore (Dabu) 講
    Huizhou Jixi 講
    Jin Taiyuan 說
    Min Bei Jian'ou 話
    Min Dong Fuzhou 講
    Fuqing 講
    Singapore (Fuqing) 講
    Min Nan Xiamen 講
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 講
    Quanzhou 說
    Jinjiang 說
    Shishi 說, 講
    Zhangzhou 講
    Zhao'an 呾, 講
    Dongshan 講
    Taipei 講
    Kaohsiung 講
    Tainan 講
    Penang (Hokkien) 講
    Singapore (Hokkien) 講
    Manila (Hokkien) 說, 講
    Chaozhou 呾
    Raoping 呾
    Shantou 呾
    Shantou (Chenghai) 呾
    Shantou (Chaoyang) 呾
    Jieyang 呾
    Lufeng 講
    Haifeng 講
    Phnom Penh (Teochew) 呾
    Singapore (Teochew) 呾
    Pontianak (Teochew) 呾
    Leizhou 講
    Wenchang 講
    Haikou 講
    Qionghai 講
    Singapore (Hainanese) 講
    Puxian Min Putian 講
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 講
    Southern Pinghua Binyang 講, 說
    Wu Shanghai 講
    Suzhou 講, 說
    Hangzhou 說, 話, 講
    Hangzhou (Yuhang) 講, 話
    Ningbo 講, 話
    Wenzhou 講
    Xiang Changsha 講
    Xiangtan 講
    Xiangxiang 講
    Xiangxiang (Meiqiao) 講
    Shuangfeng 曰, 講
    • (to explain):
    • (to refer):
    • (to discuss):
    • (to criticize):
    • (theory):

    Compounds Edit

    Descendants Edit

    Sino-Xenic (說):
    • → Japanese: 説(せつ) (setsu)
    • → Korean: 설(說) (seol)
    • → Vietnamese: thuyết (說)

    Pronunciation 2 Edit

    Rime
    Character 說
    Reading # 1/3
    Initial (聲) 書 (26)
    Final (韻) 祭 (36)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 舒芮切
    Baxter sywejH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɕiuᴇiH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɕʷiɛiH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɕiuæiH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ɕwiajH/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɕiuɛiH/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɕĭwɛiH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ɕi̯wɛiH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		shuì
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		seoi3
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 說
    Reading # 1/3
    No. 2552
    Phonetic
    component         		兑
    Rime
    group         		祭
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		稅
    Old
    Chinese         		/*hljods/

    Definitions Edit

    說

    1. to persuade; to canvass; to lobby
    2. (Quanzhou Hokkien) to swindle; to defraud; to cheat out of
    Synonyms Edit
    • (to persuade):

    Compounds Edit

    Descendants Edit

    Sino-Xenic (說):

    Pronunciation 3 Edit

    Rime
    Character 說
    Reading # 2/3
    Initial (聲) 以 (36)
    Final (韻) 仙 (82)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 弋雪切
    Baxter ywet
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/jiuᴇt̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/jʷiɛt̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/juæt̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/jwiat̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/iuɛt̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/jĭuɛt̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/i̯wɛt̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		yuè
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		jyut6
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 說
    Reading # 3/3
    No. 2577
    Phonetic
    component         		兑
    Rime
    group         		月
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		悅
    Old
    Chinese         		/*lod/

    Definitions Edit

    說

    1. † Alternative form of 悅／悦 (yuè, “happy; delighted”)

    Compounds Edit

    Pronunciation 4 Edit

    Definitions Edit

    說

    1. † Alternative form of 脫／脱 (“to free; to relieve”)

    Compounds Edit

    References Edit

    Japanese Edit

    Shinjitai

    		説

    Kyūjitai

    		說

    Kanji Edit

    說

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 説)

    1. opinion
    2. theory
    3. explanation
    4. rumor

    Readings Edit

    Usage notes Edit

    This character lacks essential JIS support and is not used in Japanese. The character 説 (U+8AAC) is used instead.

    Korean Edit

    Etymology 1 Edit

    From Middle Chinese 說 (MC sywet).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 ᄉᆑᇙ〮 (Yale: syyélq)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3] 니ᄅᆞᆯ (Yale: nilol) 셜 (Yale: syel)

    Pronunciation Edit

    Hanja Edit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    說 (eumhun 말씀 설 (malsseum seol))

    1. Hanja form? of 설 (“theory, opinion, view; rumour”). [noun]
    2. Hanja form? of 설 (“theory”). [suffix]
    3. Hanja form? of 설 (“to explain; to speak; to talk”). [affix]
    Compounds Edit
    Compounds

    Etymology 2 Edit

    From Middle Chinese 說 (MC sywejH).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 ᄉᆒᆼ〮 (Yale: syyéy)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 달앨 (Yale: talGayl) 셰 (Yale: syey)

    Pronunciation Edit

    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰe̞(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [세(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja Edit

    說 (eumhun 달랠 세 (dallael se))

    1. Hanja form? of 세 (“to persuade”). [affix]
    Compounds Edit
    Compounds

    Etymology 3 Edit

    From Middle Chinese 說 (MC ywet).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 ᄋᆑᇙ〮 (Yale: yyélq)

    Pronunciation Edit

    Hanja Edit

    說 (eumhun 기쁠 열 (gippeul yeol))

    1. Hanja form? of 열 (“used in personal names”). [1]
    2. (literary Chinese) Alternative form of 悅 (“Hanja form? of 열 (“to be happy”).”)

    References Edit

    1. ^ Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo), page 29. [1]
    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [4]

    Vietnamese Edit

    Han character Edit

    說: Hán Nôm readings: thuyết

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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