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女

See also: タ, ヌ, ㄆ, ㄡ, 又, 夂, 夊, 夕, 支, 攴, 攵, 文, 歹, 歺, and 𡚦

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order

Han characterEdit

See images of
Radical 38 女

女 (radical 38 女+0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 女 (V), four-corner 40400)

  1. Kangxi radical #38, ⼥ ‎(“woman”).

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 254, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6036
  • Dae Jaweon: page 516, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1023, character 23
  • Unihan data for U+5973

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 女
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script

Pictogram (象形): a woman with breasts kneeling or standing. In modern form turned on left side: enclosed area is remnant of left breast (character's left, depicted woman's right), while right breast has disappeared. Graphically cognate to 母 (mǔ, “mother”), which has developed similarly, but also includes dots for nipples and has retained both breasts.

Etymology 1Edit

simp. and trad.
 女
alt. forms 𠨰

Pronunciation 1Edit

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 女
Mandarin Beijing /ny²¹⁴/
Harbin /ny²¹³/
Tianjin /nuei¹³/
/ny¹³/
Jinan /ȵy⁵⁵/
Qingdao /ny⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ny⁵³/
Xi'an /ny⁵³/
Xining /mji⁵³/
Yinchuan /ny⁵³/
Lanzhou /ȵy⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /ȵy⁵¹/
Wuhan /y⁴²/
Chengdu /ȵy⁵³/
Guiyang /ni⁴²/
Kunming /ni⁵³/
Nanjing /ly²¹²/
Hefei /zz̩ʷ²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /ny⁵³/
Pingyao /nzz̩ʷ⁵³/ ～子
/ȵy⁵³/ ～貓
Hohhot /ny⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /ȵy²³/
Suzhou /ȵy³¹/
Hangzhou /nz̩ʷ⁵³/
Wenzhou /ȵy³⁵/
Hui Shexian /ny³⁵/
Tunxi /ȵy²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ȵy⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ȵy⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /ȵy²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /n̩³¹/
Taoyuan /ŋ̍³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /nøy²³/
Nanning /ny²⁴/
Hong Kong /nøy¹³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /lu⁵³/
/li⁵³/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /ny³²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ny²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /nɯŋ⁵³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /nu²¹³/
Rime
Character 女
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 娘 (12)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 尼吕切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɳɨʌX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɳiɔX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /niɔX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɳɨə̆X/
Li
Rong		 /niɔX/
Wang
Li		 /nĭoX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ni̯woX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 nv
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 女
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 nǚ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nrjoX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*nraʔ/
English female

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 女
Reading # 1/2
No. 9616
Phonetic
component		 女
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese		 /*naʔ/
DefinitionsEdit

女

  1. woman
    Antonyms: 男 (nán)
    女人  ―  nǚrén  ―  woman
    女的  ―  nǚde  ―  woman; female
    請問女衛生間在哪兒？ [MSC, trad.]
    请问女卫生间在哪儿？ [MSC, simp.]
    Qǐngwèn nǚ wèishēngjiān zài nǎr? [Pinyin]
    Where is the ladies' lavatory please?
  2. (for people) female
    ⇒ 母, 雌
    一個女演員 / 一个女演员  ―  yī ge nǚ yǎnyuán  ―  an actress
    一個女士兵 / 一个女士兵  ―  yī ge nǚ shìbīng  ―  a female soldier
  3. daughter
    女兒 / 女儿  ―  nǚér  ―  daughter
  4. (astronomy) The Girl, a Chinese constellation near Aquarius, 10th of the Twenty-Eight Mansions and part of the Black Turtle.

Pronunciation 2Edit

Rime
Character 女
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 娘 (12)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 尼據切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɳɨʌH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɳiɔH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /niɔH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɳɨə̆H/
Li
Rong		 /niɔH/
Wang
Li		 /nĭoH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ni̯woH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 nv
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 女
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 nǜ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nrjoH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*nraʔ-s/
English give as a wife

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 女
Reading # 2/2
No. 9618
Phonetic
component		 女
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 女
Old
Chinese		 /*nas/
DefinitionsEdit

女

  1. † to give one's daughter in marriage; to give as wife

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 女

Etymology 2Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 女 – see 汝.
(This character, 女, is a variant form of 汝.)

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

女

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
女
おみな
Grade: 1
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. /womi1na/ → /womina/ → /omina/. The initial /wo/ expressed "small, youth" and contrasted with /o/ "grown, old" (as in 嫗 ‎(omina) "old woman"). The medial /mi/ is cognate with 女 ‎(me, “female, woman”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

女 ‎(hiragana おみな, romaji omina, historical hiragana をみな)

  1. (archaic) a young woman
  2. (archaic) a woman

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
女
おんな
Grade: 1
kun'yomi

From earlier /womina/: /womina/ → /woɴna/ → /oɴna/.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

女 ‎(hiragana おんな, romaji onna, historical hiragana をんな)

  1. a woman
Usage notesEdit

This has superseded omina, and is now one of the standard Japanese words for woman.

AntonymsEdit

Etymology 3Edit

Kanji in this term
女
め
Grade: 1
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. /me1/ → /me/

PronunciationEdit

Alternative formsEdit

NounEdit

女 ‎(hiragana め, romaji me)

  1. female
  2. woman
  3. wife
Usage notesEdit

Used more in compounds than on its own.

Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

女 • ‎(nyeo>yeo)
Eumhun:

  • Name (hangeul): 계집 (revised: gyejip, McCune-Reischauer: kyejip, Yale: kyeycip)
  1. female, woman

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

女 (nữ, nữa, lỡ, nhỡ, nớ, nợ, nỡ, nự, như, nhương)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReferencesEdit

Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=女&oldid=40803577"
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Last edited on 25 September 2016, at 09:37