後來居上
Chinese
editreside | up; on; on top up; on; on top; upon; first; previous or last; upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; to go up | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
trad. (後來居上) | 後來 | 居 | 上 | |
simp. (后来居上) | 后来 | 居 | 上 | |
Literally: “late-comer is positioned above”. |
Etymology
editFrom a sarcastic comment by Ji An (汲黯) to the Emperor Wu of Han:
- 陛下用群臣如積薪耳,後來者居上。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
- Bìxià yòng qúnchén rú jīxīn ěr, hòu lái zhě jū shàng. [Pinyin]
- The way Your Majesty manages your ministers is like nothing but keeping firewood in a pile: it is the late-comers that get the top position.
陛下用群臣如积薪耳,后来者居上。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): hau6 loi4 geoi1 soeng5
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hō͘-lâi-ku-siōng / hō͘-lâi-ki-siōng / āu-lâi-ki-siāng / āu-lâi-ku-siōng
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄡˋ ㄌㄞˊ ㄐㄩ ㄕㄤˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: hòuláijyushàng
- Wade–Giles: hou4-lai2-chü1-shang4
- Yale: hòu-lái-jyū-shàng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: howlaijiushanq
- Palladius: хоулайцзюйшан (xoulajczjujšan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xoʊ̯⁵¹ laɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕy⁵⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: hau6 loi4 geoi1 soeng5
- Yale: hauh lòih gēui séuhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: hau6 loi4 goey1 soeng5
- Guangdong Romanization: heo6 loi4 gêu1 sêng5
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɐu̯²² lɔːi̯²¹ kɵy̯⁵⁵ sœːŋ¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hō͘-lâi-ku-siōng
- Tâi-lô: hōo-lâi-ku-siōng
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoxlai'kusiong
- IPA (Xiamen): /hɔ²²⁻²¹ lai²⁴⁻²² ku⁴⁴⁻²² siɔŋ²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hō͘-lâi-ki-siōng
- Tâi-lô: hōo-lâi-ki-siōng
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoxlai'kisiong
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔ³³⁻²¹ lai²³⁻³³ ki⁴⁴⁻³³ siɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: āu-lâi-ki-siāng
- Tâi-lô: āu-lâi-ki-siāng
- Phofsit Daibuun: auxlai'kisiang
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /au³³⁻²¹ lai²³⁻³³ ki⁴⁴⁻³³ siaŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: āu-lâi-ku-siōng
- Tâi-lô: āu-lâi-ku-siōng
- Phofsit Daibuun: auxlai'kusiong
- IPA (Taipei): /au³³⁻¹¹ lai²⁴⁻¹¹ ku⁴⁴⁻³³ siɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Middle Chinese: huwX|huwH loj kjo dzyangH
Idiom
edit後來居上
- the up-and-coming youngster outstrips the older generation; the pupil surpasses the master
Categories:
- Literary Chinese terms with quotations
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Chinese idioms
- Mandarin idioms
- Cantonese idioms
- Hokkien idioms
- Middle Chinese idioms
- Chinese chengyu
- Mandarin chengyu
- Cantonese chengyu
- Hokkien chengyu
- Middle Chinese chengyu
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 後
- Chinese terms spelled with 來
- Chinese terms spelled with 居
- Chinese terms spelled with 上