See also:
U+6190, 憐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6190

[U+618F]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6191]
U+F98F, 憐
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F98F

[U+F98E]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F990]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 61, +12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 心火木手 (PFDQ), four-corner 99059, composition )

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 402, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11206
  • Dae Jaweon: page 742, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2356, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+6190

Chinese edit

trad.
simp. *

Glyph origin edit

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *riːn): semantic (heart) + phonetic (OC *rins).

Etymology edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-rin (compassion; love). Cognate with Tibetan དྲིན (drin, kindness; favour; grace).

Pronunciation edit


Note:
  • lîn - vernacular;
  • liân - literary.
Note:
  • liang5 - Shantou;
  • liêng5 - Chaozhou.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (37)
    Final () (85)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () IV
    Fanqie
    Baxter len
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /len/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /len/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /lɛn/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /lɛn/
    Li
    Rong
    /len/
    Wang
    Li
    /lien/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /lien/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    lián
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    lin4
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    lián
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ len ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*rˁiŋ/
    English love; pity

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 8193
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*riːn/

    Definitions edit

    1. to pity; to sympathize
      Synonym: 憐憫怜悯 (liánmǐn)
    2. to love tenderly

    Compounds edit

    Japanese edit

    Kanji edit

    (“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

    1. sympathy
    2. pity
    3. treasure
    4. dote on

    Readings edit

    Korean edit

    Hanja edit

    (eumhun 불쌍히 여길 (bulssanghi yeogil ryeon), South Korea 불쌍히 여길 (bulssanghi yeogil yeon))

    1. Hanja form? of / (pity, sympathize).

    Vietnamese edit

    Han character edit

    : Hán Nôm readings: lân, liên

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.