手紙

See also: 手纸

ChineseEdit

		hand; convenient; ‑er	paper
trad. (手紙)		手	紙
simp. (手纸)		手	纸

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shǒuzhǐ

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄡˇ ㄓˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sau² zi²
Min Nan (POJ): chhiú-chóa
Wu (Wiktionary): ²seu-tsr

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shǒuzhǐ [Phonetic: shóuzhǐ]
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄡˇ ㄓˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shǒujhǐh
  - Wade–Giles: shou³-chih³
  - Yale: shǒu-jř
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shooujyy
  - Palladius: шоучжи (šoučži)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    手指
    手紙／手纸
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: sau² zi²
  - Yale: sáu jí
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sau² dzi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: seo² ji²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐu̯³⁵ t͡siː³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    手指
    手紙／手纸
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiú-chóa
  - Tâi-lô: tshiú-tsuá
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chiwzoar
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sua⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sua⁵⁵⁴/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ²seu-tsr
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɜ³³ t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

NounEdit

手紙

toilet paper
我在宿舍裡翻箱倒櫃地找手紙。最後還是不得不跑到隔壁宿舍去了。 [MSC, trad.]
我在宿舍里翻箱倒柜地找手纸。最后还是不得不跑到隔壁宿舍去了。 [MSC, simp.]
Wǒ zài sùshè lǐ fānxiāngdǎoguì de zhǎo shǒuzhǐ. Zuìhòu háishì bùdébù pǎo dào gébì sùshè qù le. [Pinyin]
I looked all over the dormitory for some toilet paper. In the end, I was forced to go to the dormitory next door.

SynonymsEdit

edit

廁紙／厕纸 (cèzhǐ)

衛生紙／卫生纸 (wèishēngzhǐ)

Dialectal synonyms of 手紙 (“toilet paper”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		手紙, 衛生紙, 廁紙
Mandarin	Beijing	手紙, 擦屁股紙
	Taiwan	衛生紙
	Tianjin	草紙
	Langfang	擦屁股紙
	Tangshan	手紙, 擦屁股紙
	Cangzhou	手紙, 擦腚紙
	Baoding	手紙, 草紙
	Shijiazhuang	手紙, 擦屁股紙
	Daming	擦包紙
	Chifeng	手紙, 擦屁股紙
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	手紙, 擦屁股紙
	Harbin	手紙, 擦屁股紙
	Shenyang	手紙
	Yantai (Muping)	揩腚紙, 手紙
	Qingdao	手紙
	Jinan	擦腚紙, 手紙, 衛生紙, 草紙 dated
	Luoyang	解手紙, 擦包紙
	Wanrong	擦溝子紙, 衛生紙
	Zhengzhou	草紙, 擦屁股紙
	Xi'an	手紙, 草紙, 擦溝子紙
	Yinchuan	草紙, 擦屁股紙, 擦溝子紙
	Lanzhou	擦溝子的紙, 衛生紙, 手紙, 草紙, 擦屁股紙
	Xining	草紙
	Ürümqi	手紙, 衛生紙, 擦溝子紙
	Wuhan	解手紙, 草紙
	Chengdu	草紙, 手紙, 衛生紙
	Chongqing	草紙
	Guiyang	手紙, 揩屁股紙, 草紙
	Kunming	土紙, 草紙, 揩屁股紙, 手紙
	Guilin	手紙, 草紙 dated
	Liuzhou	解手紙
	Nanning (Wuming)	草紙, 手紙, 衛生紙, 抹屎紙, 屙屎紙
	Xuzhou	草紙, 擦腚紙, 手紙, 出恭紙
	Yangzhou	草紙
	Nanjing	草紙, 手紙
	Hefei	草紙, 衛生紙
	Nantong	草紙
	Singapore	衛生紙
Cantonese	Guangzhou	草紙
	Hong Kong	廁紙, 草紙 dated
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	抿屎紙
	Macau	廁紙, 草紙
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	草紙
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	草紙
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	草紙
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	草紙
	Foshan	草紙
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	草紙
	Foshan (Shunde)	草紙
	Foshan (Sanshui)	草紙
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	草紙
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	草紙
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	草紙
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	草紙
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	草紙
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	草紙
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	草紙
	Taishan	草紙
	Kaiping (Chikan)	草紙
	Enping (Niujiang)	草紙
	Heshan (Yayao)	草紙
	Dongguan	抿屎紙, 草紙
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	草紙
Hakka	Meixian	摒屎紙, 草紙
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	草紙
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	草紙
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	草紙
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	草紙
	Conghua (Lütian)	草紙
	Yudu	揩屎紙
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	草紙
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	草紙
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	草紙
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	草紙
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	草紙
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	草紙
Huizhou	Shexian	草紙
Jin	Taiyuan	草紙, 汧屁股紙
	Xinzhou	擦㞘子紙
	Linhe	草紙, 擦屁股紙
	Jining	手紙
	Hohhot	擦屁股紙, 衛生紙
	Zhangjiakou	手紙
	Handan	草紙
Min Bei	Jian'ou	草紙
Min Nan	Xiamen	粗紙, 紙巾
	Quanzhou	粗紙, 紙巾
	Zhangzhou	粗紙, 紙巾
	Kaohsiung	衛生紙, 塗紙
	Yilan	放屎紙
	Changhua (Lukang)	衛生紙
	Taichung	衛生紙
	Taichung (Wuqi)	衛生紙
	Tainan	綿仔紙, 塗紙
	Taitung	綿仔紙
	Hsinchu	衛生紙, 粗紙
	Penghu (Magong)	衛生紙
	Singapore (Hokkien)	粗紙, 馬口紙, 染蠻紙
	Manila (Hokkien)	廁紙, 礐廁紙
	Shantou	草紙
	Leizhou	草紙, 擼尻川紙
	Wenchang	手紙
	Haikou	放屎紙, 拭尻脽紙, 大便紙
Min Zhong	Yanping (Wangtai)	紙
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	紙巾, 草紙
Wu	Shanghai	草紙, 飛機票 humorous, 粗紙 dated
	Shanghai (Chongming)	草紙
	Suzhou	草紙
	Danyang	草紙, 大便紙
	Hangzhou	毛紙, 草紙
	Ningbo	草紙
	Wenzhou	草紙
	Jinhua	草紙
Xiang	Changsha	解手紙
Xiang	Loudi	解手紙, 刮屁股紙

JapaneseEdit

Kanji in this term
手	紙
て Grade: 1	かみ > がみ Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Etymology 1Edit

Compound of 手 (te, “hand”) +‎ 紙 (kami, “paper”).^[1]^[2] The kami changes to gami as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

An etymologically unrelated false friend of Chinese 手紙／手纸 (shǒuzhǐ).

PronunciationEdit

(Tokyo) てがみ [tègámí] (Heiban – [0])^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [te̞ɡa̠mʲi]

NounEdit

手(て)紙(がみ) • (tegami)

a letter, epistle (written message or note)
(archaic) a utility paper used for various purposes, such as for jotting down notes or for wrapping items
Synonym: 半切り紙 (hankirigami)

DescendantsEdit

→ Amis: tikami

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
手	紙
て Grade: 1	かみ > がん Grade: 2
kun’yomi	irregular

/teɡami/ → /teɡaɴ/

Shift from standard Japanese tegami, dropping the final vowel and keeping the nasal.

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): [te̞ɡã̠ɴ]

NounEdit

手(て)紙(がん) • (tegan)

(Kagoshima dialect) a letter, epistle (written message or note)

ReferencesEdit

^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

2000, Jonathan Bunt, Gillian Hall, The Oxford Starter Japanese Dictionary, First Edition, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

[KDJ-1] 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-3] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

[3]

手紙

Contents

ChineseEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

SynonymsEdit

See alsoEdit

JapaneseEdit

Etymology 1Edit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

DescendantsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

ReferencesEdit