換

See also: 换

換	U+63DB, 換 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-63DB

← 揚
[U+63DA]

CJK Unified Ideographs

揜 →
[U+63DC]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

換 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 手弓月大 (QNBK), four-corner 5703₄, composition ⿰扌奐)

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 442, character 14
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12358
Dae Jaweon: page 793, character 13
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 3, page 1922, character 4
Unihan data for U+63DB

ChineseEdit

trad.		換
simp.		换

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (奐) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
渙	qʰʷaːds, qʰʷaːns
瘓	*tqʰʷaːnʔ
喚	*qʰʷaːns
煥	*qʰʷaːns
奐	*qʰʷaːns
寏	*ɢʷaːn
換	*ɢʷaːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢʷaːns): semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 奐 (OC *qʰʷaːns).

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): huàn (huan⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄢˋ

(Chengdu, SP): huan⁴

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): хуан (huan, III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): wun⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): von⁵
Gan (Wiktionary): uon⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): von

(Meixian, Guangdong): von⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): huan³
Min Bei (KCR): hūing
Min Dong (BUC): uâng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): ōaⁿ / hoān / hoàn

(Teochew, Peng'im): uan⁷ / huêng³ / huang³
Wu (Wiktionary): hhue (T3)
Xiang (Wiktionary): honn⁴ / honn⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: huàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄢˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huann
  - Tongyong Pinyin: huàn
  - Wade–Giles: huan⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xwän⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: huan⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xuan
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuan²¹³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: хуан (huan, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuæ̃⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wun⁶
  - Yale: wuhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wun⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: wun⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuːn²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: von⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /vᵘɔn³²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: uon⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uɵn¹¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: von
  - Hakka Romanization System: von
  - Hagfa Pinyim: von⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /von⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: von⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ʋɔn⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: huan³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /xuæ̃⁴⁵/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hūing
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuiŋ⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: uâng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uɑŋ²⁴²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ōaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: uānn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: voa
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /uã²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /uã³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /uã⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoān
  - Tâi-lô: huān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoan
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /huan⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /huan²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /huan³³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoàn
  - Tâi-lô: huàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoaxn
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /huan²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /huan¹¹/

Note:

ōaⁿ - vernacular;
hoān/hoàn - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: uan⁷ / huêng³ / huang³
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uāⁿ / huèng / huàng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /ũã¹¹/, /hueŋ²¹³/, /huaŋ²¹³/

Note:

uan7 - vernacular;
huêng3 - literary (Chaozhou);
huang3 - literary (Shantou).

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: hhue (T3)
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɦɯe̞²³/

Xiang

(Changsha)
- Wiktionary: honn⁴ / honn⁵
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /xõ⁴⁵/, /xõ²¹/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 換
Mandarin	Beijing	/xuan⁵¹/
	Harbin	/xuan⁵³/
	Tianjin	/xuan⁵³/
	Jinan	/xuã²¹/
	Qingdao	/xuã⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/xuan³¹²/
	Xi'an	/xuã⁴⁴/
	Xining	/xuã²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/xuan¹³/
	Lanzhou	/xuɛ̃n¹³/
	Ürümqi	/xuan²¹³/
	Wuhan	/xuan³⁵/
	Chengdu	/xuan¹³/
	Guiyang	/xuan²¹³/
	Kunming	/xuã̠²¹²/
	Nanjing	/xuaŋ⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/xʊ̃⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/xuæ̃⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/xuɑŋ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/xuæ̃⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦue²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦuø³¹/
	Hangzhou	/ɦuõ¹³/
	Wenzhou	/va²²/
Hui	Shexian	/xuɛ²²/ /uɛ²²/
Hui	Tunxi	/uːə¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/xõ⁵⁵/ /xõ¹¹/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ɦɔn²¹/
Gan	Nanchang	/uɵn²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/von⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/von⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/wun²²/
	Nanning	/wun²²/
	Hong Kong	/wun²²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/huan²²/ /uã²²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/uɑŋ²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/xuiŋ⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/huaŋ²¹³/ /uã³¹/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/huaŋ³⁵/ /ua²³/

Middle Chinese: /ɦuɑn^H/

Rime
Character	換
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡玩切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuɑn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷɑn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɑn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwan^H/
Li Rong	/ɣuɑn^H/
Wang Li	/ɣuɑn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuɑn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wun⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷˤa[n]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷaːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	換
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	huàn
Middle Chinese	‹ hwan^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷˁa[n]-s/
English	change
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	換
Reading #	1/1
No.	5360
Phonetic component	奐
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	換
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷaːns/

DefinitionsEdit

換

to change; to swap; to switch; to substitute
政府換咗人又點啫？ [Cantonese, trad.]
政府换咗人又点啫？ [Cantonese, simp.]
zing³ fu² wun⁶ zo² jan⁴ jau⁶ dim² ze¹? [Jyutping]
OK, the head of government has changed; so what?