皺

See also: 皱

皺 U+76BA, 皺 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-76BA ← 皹 [U+76B9] CJK Unified Ideographs 皻 → [U+76BB]

Translingual

Han character

皺 (Kangxi radical 107, 皮+10, 15 strokes, cangjie input 心山木竹水 (PUDHE), four-corner 2444₇, composition ⿰芻皮)

Derived characters

• 𥶈

References

• KangXi: page 791, character 46
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22899
• Dae Jaweon: page 1207, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2757, character 17
• Unihan data for U+76BA

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Chinese

trad.		皺
simp.		皱
alternative forms		𤿿 𤿥 𩌄 𩋓 𩊥

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (芻) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
煼	*sʰroːʔ
謅	*sʰroːʔ, *ʔsru, *sʰru
縐	*sʰroːs, *ʔsrus
鄒	*ʔsru
騶	*ʔsru
搊	*ʔsruʔ, *sʰru, *ʔsro
皺	*ʔsrus
篘	*sʰru
㑳	*zrus, *ʔsro, *rnuːb
趍	*sʰlo, *l'al
趨	*sʰlo
芻	*sʰro
犓	*sʰro
雛	*zro
鶵	*zro
媰	*zro
齺	*zroːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ʔsrus): phonetic 芻 (OC *sʰro) + semantic 皮.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zhòu (zhou⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄡˋ

  (Chengdu, SP): zong⁴

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zau³
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): chò͘ / chò / liâu / jiâu

  (Teochew, Peng'im): niou³ / niao³ / zou³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhòu
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄡˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhòu
    • Wade–Giles: chou⁴
    • Yale: jòu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jow
    • Palladius: чжоу (čžou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: zong⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zung
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡soŋ²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zau³
    • Yale: jau
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzau³
    • Guangdong Romanization: zeo³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐu̯³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chò͘
    • Tâi-lô: tsòo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zox
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔ²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chò
    • Tâi-lô: tsò
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zoix
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡so⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liâu
    • Tâi-lô: liâu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liaau
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /liau²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiâu
    • Tâi-lô: jiâu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: jiaau
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ʑiau²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ʑiau¹³/

Note:

• chò͘/chò - literary;
• liâu/jiâu - vernacular (semantic).

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: niou³ / niao³ / zou³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: niòu / niàu / tsòu
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /niou²¹³/, /niau²¹³/, /t͡sou²¹³/

Note:

• niou3 - vernacular (Chaozhou);
• niao3 - vernacular (Shantou, Jieyang, Chaoyang);
• zou3 - literary.

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡ʃɨu^H/

Rime
Character	皺
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	莊 (18)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	側救切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃɨuH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂiuH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃiəuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂuwH/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃiuH/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃĭəuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂi̯ə̯uH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhòu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zau3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤro-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsrus/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	皺
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhòu
Middle Chinese	‹ tsrjuwH ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁro-s/
English	wrinkles
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	皺
Reading #	1/1
No.	1597
Phonetic component	芻
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	皺
Old Chinese	/*ʔsrus/

Definitions

皺

1. wrinkle; crease; fold

   皺褶／皱褶  ―  zhòuzhě  ―  fold; crease; wrinkle

   皺紋／皱纹  ―  zhòuwén  ―  wrinkle

2. to wrinkle; to crease

   皺眉／皱眉  ―  zhòuméi  ―  to frown; to knit one's brows; to scowl

Compounds

• 弄皺／弄皱 (nòngzhòu)
• 慚皺／惭皱
• 掐鼻皺眉／掐鼻皱眉
• 皺巴巴／皱巴巴 (zhòubābā)
• 皺彆／皱别
• 皺摺／皱折

• 皺眉／皱眉 (zhòuméi)
• 皺眉蹙眼／皱眉蹙眼
• 皺紋／皱纹 (zhòuwén)
• 皺胃／皱胃 (zhòuwèi)
• 皺褶／皱褶 (zhòuzhě)

• 皺襞／皱襞 (zhòubì)
• 窊皺／窊皱
• 褶皺／褶皱 (zhězhòu)
• 褶皺帶／褶皱带
• 起皺／起皱 (qǐzhòu)

References

• “皺”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

皺

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: しゅ (shu)
• Kan-on: すう (sū)
• Kan’yō-on: しゅう (shū)
• Kun: さび (sabi, 皺); しぼ (shibo, 皺); しわ (shiwa, 皺)

Compounds

Compounds

• 皺曲(しゅうきょく) (shūkyoku)
• 皺襞(しゅうへき) (shūheki)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
皺
さび Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Origins unclear. Possibly related to 錆 (sabi, “rust, oxidation”), from the way the surface of something changes.

Noun

皺(さび) • (sabi) 

1. a pattern of cracks and wrinkles on the surface of an 烏帽子 (eboshi, “traditional Japanese formal black hat”) formed as the black lacquer dries

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 大皺(おおさび) (ōsabi)
• 小皺(こさび) (kosabi)
• 皺烏帽子(さびえぼし) (sabi eboshi)
• 柳皺(やなぎさび) (yanagisabi)
• 横皺(よこさび) (yokosabi)
• 横皺(よこさび)の烏帽子(えぼし) (yokosabi no eboshi)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
皺
しぼ Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Probably from stem shiwo of classical verb shiworu, modern shioru (萎る, 撓る: “to make something loosen, to make something wither and wrinkle”). Probably cognate with shiwa below.

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) し​ぼ [shíꜜbò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɕibo̞]

Noun

皺(しぼ) • (shibo) 

1. a pattern of cracks and wrinkles on the surface of an 烏帽子 (eboshi, “traditional Japanese formal black hat”) formed as the black lacquer dries
2. a pattern of puckers and bulges in a cloth, caused by the warp and woof of the material
3. a similar pattern of puckers and bulges formed on the surface of paper or leather

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 皺紙(しぼがみ) (shibogami)
• 皺丸太(しぼまるた) (shibomaruta)
• 竹皺(たけしぼ) (takeshibo)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
皺
しわ Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Probably from stem shiwa of verb shiwaru (撓る: “to sag, as something elastic that has lost its bounce”). Probably cognate with shibo above.

Alternative forms

• 皴

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) しわ [shìwá] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɕiɰᵝa̠]

Noun

皺(しわ) • (shiwa) 

1. wrinkles in skin, paper, cloth, or some other surface
2. ripples on the surface of water
3. a pattern of cracks and wrinkles on the surface of an 烏帽子 (eboshi, “traditional Japanese formal black hat”) formed as the black lacquer dries

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 雄陽皺(おひじわ) (ohijiwa)
• 小皺(こじわ) (kojiwa)
• 皺紙(しわがみ) (shiwagami)
• 皺(しわ)くちゃ (shiwakucha)
• 皺皺(しわしわ) (shiwashiwa)
• 皺伸(しわの)ばし (shiwanobashi)
• 皺腹(しわばら) (shiwabara)
• 皺(しわ)ぶ (shiwabu)
• 皺(しわ)む (shiwamu)
• 皺(しわ)める (shiwameru)
• 皺寄(しわよ)せ (shiwayose)
• 畳(たた)み皺(じわ) (tatamijiwa)
• 縦皺(たてじわ) (tatejiwa)
• 縮緬皺(ちりめんじわ) (chirimenjiwa)
• 防皺(ぼうしわ) (bōshiwa)
• 防皺加工(ぼうしわかこう) (bōshiwa kakō)
• 雌陽皺(めひじわ) (mehijiwa)
• 笑(わら)い皺(じわ) (waraijiwa)

Idioms

Idioms

• 皺伸(しわの)ぶ (shiwa nobu), 皺(しわ)が伸(の)びる (shiwa ga nobiru): “one's wrinkles slacken” → to become light-hearted in old age
• 皺(しわ)を伸(の)ばす (shiwa o nobasu): “to slacken one's wrinkles” → to relax, to take a breather, to let it all hang out; to smooth out wrinkles, such as by ironing

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Korean

Hanja

皺 • (chu) (hangeul 추, revised chu, McCune–Reischauer ch'u, Yale chwu)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

皺: Hán Nôm readings: trứu, nhíu, sô

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.