皮

皮	U+76AE, 皮 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-76AE

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order

Han characterEdit

See images of
Radical 107 皮

皮 (radical 107, 皮+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 木竹水 (DHE), four-corner 4024₇)

Kangxi radical #107, ⽪.

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 790, character 12
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22823
Dae Jaweon: page 1205, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2753, character 1
Unihan data for U+76AE

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		皮

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 皮
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (皮) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
陂	pral, prals
詖	pral, prals
彼	*pralʔ
柀	*pralʔ
佊	pralʔ, prals
貱	*prals
跛	prals, paːlʔ
披	pʰral, pʰralʔ
鈹	*pʰral
帔	pʰral, pʰrals
鮍	*pʰral
耚	*pʰral
狓	*pʰral
翍	*pʰral
旇	pʰral, brals
秛	pʰral, pʰrals
紴	pʰralʔ, paːl
皮	*bral
疲	*bral
被	bralʔ, brals
髲	*brals
鞁	*brals
骳	*mbralʔ
波	*paːl
碆	paːl, baːl
菠	*paːl
簸	paːlʔ, paːls
駊	paːlʔ, pʰaːlʔ
頗	pʰaːl, pʰaːlʔ, *pʰaːls
坡	*pʰaːl
玻	*pʰaːl
破	*pʰaːls
婆	*baːl
蔢	*baːl

Pictogram (象形) – a hand (又) stripping the fur from an animal pelt (similar to 革). The pelt moved to the top left and became abstracted.

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): pí (pi²)

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄧˊ

(Chengdu, SP): pi²
Cantonese (Jyutping): pei⁴, pei^4-2
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phî
Min Dong (BUC): puòi / pì
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): phê / phêr / phôe / pî / phî

(Teochew, Peng'im): puê⁵
Wu (Wiktionary): bi (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: pí
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄧˊ
  - Wade–Giles: p'ih²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyi
  - IPA ^(key): /pʰi³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: pi²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: pi
  - IPA ^(key): /pʰi²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: pei⁴, pei^4-2
  - Yale: pèih, péi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pei⁴, pei^4-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: péi⁴, péi²
  - IPA ^(key): /pʰei̯²¹/, /pʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

Note: pei4-2 - “leather” (as a single word), also used in some compounds.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phî
  - Hakka Romanization System: pi´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pi¹
  - IPA: /pʰi²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: puòi / pì
  - IPA ^(key): /pʰuoi⁵³/, /pʰi⁵³/

Note:

puòi - vernacular;
pì - literary.

Min Nan

(Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Magong, Hsinchu, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phê
- Tâi-lô: phê
- Phofsit Daibuun: phee
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Philippines): /pʰe²⁴/
(Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phêr
- Tâi-lô: phêr
- IPA (Quanzhou, Kinmen): /pʰə²⁴/
(Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phôe
- Tâi-lô: phuê
- Phofsit Daibuun: phoee
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰue¹³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰue²³/
(Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pî
- Tâi-lô: pî
- Phofsit Daibuun: pii
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /pi²³/
- IPA (Taipei): /pi²⁴/
(Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phî
- Tâi-lô: phî
- Phofsit Daibuun: phii
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰi²³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰi¹³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /pʰi²⁴/

Note:

phê/phêr/phôe - vernacular;
pî - vernacular (limited, e.g. 五加皮);
phî - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: puê⁵
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phuê
- IPA ^(key): /pʰue⁵⁵/

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: bi (T3)
- IPA ^(key): /b̻i²³/

Middle Chinese: /bˠiᴇ/▼

Rime
Character	皮
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	支 (13)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	Chongniu III
Fanqie	符羈切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bˠiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/bᵚiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/biɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bjiə̆/
Li Rong	/bje/
Wang Li	/bǐe/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pí

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-[p](r)aj/

(Zhengzhang): /*bral/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	皮
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	pí
Middle Chinese	‹ bje ›
Old Chinese	/*m-[p](r)aj/
English	skin
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	皮
Reading #	1/1
No.	9711
Phonetic component	皮
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	皮
Old Chinese	/*bral/

DefinitionsEdit

皮

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 皮

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

ReadingsEdit

Go-on: び (bi)
Kan-on: ひ (hi, Jōyō)
Kun: かわ (kawa, 皮, Jōyō)^{←かは (kafa, historical)}

CompoundsEdit

皮 (ひ)膚 (ふ) (hifu): skin
皮 (ひ)膚 (ふ)科 (か) (hifuka): dermatologist

EtymologyEdit

kapa → kaɸa → kawa.

NounEdit

皮 (hiragana かわ, rōmaji kawa, historical hiragana かは)

skin
- 931–938, Wamyō Ruijushō, book 2, page 33:
  皮釋名云、皮. 音疲、加波

Related termsEdit

革 (かわ) (kawa): leather

ReferencesEdit

Minamoto, Shitagō; Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

皮 • (pi) (hangeul 피, McCune–Reischauer p'i, Yale phi)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

皮 (bì, bề, vừa, bầy, bìa, vào)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

SI prefix
Last		Next
納/奈	皮	飛

皮

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

PronunciationEdit

DefinitionsEdit

CompoundsEdit

See alsoEdit

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

EtymologyEdit

NounEdit

Related termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit