See also: 𪪍
U+76AE, 皮
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-76AE

[U+76AD]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+76AF]
U+2F6A, ⽪
KANGXI RADICAL SKIN

[U+2F69]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2F6B]

Translingual

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Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 107, +0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 木竹水 (DHE), four-corner 40247, composition ⿻⿱丿)

  1. Kangxi radical #107, .

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 790, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22823
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1205, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2753, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+76AE

Chinese

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simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
     

Pictogram (象形) – a hand () stripping the fur from an animal pelt (similar to ). The pelt moved to the top left and became abstracted.

The character is similar, but actually it depicts two hands and some rocks 石 on oracle bones; a conservative variant is 𠭊.

Etymology

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“skin”
According to STEDT, (OC *m-pra-j) is likely derived from root (OC *pra) – further from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *p(r/j)a (skin) – and a voicing prefix – likely *m- which is found in several OC words for body parts like (OC *m-bi[t]-s, “nose”), (OC *m-tˤaʔ, “belly”), (OC *[ɢ]ʷəʔ-s (~ *m-qʷəʔ), “right-hand”) and (OC *[m-t]ˤo, “head”) (Baxter & Sagart, 2014).
“pico-”
Borrowed from English pico-.

Pronunciation 1

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Note: pei4-2 - “leather” (as a single word), also used in some compounds.
Note:
  • puòi - vernacular;
  • pì - literary.
Note:
  • puei2 - vernacular;
  • pi2 - literary.
Note:
  • phê/phêr/phôe - vernacular;
  • pî - vernacular (limited, e.g. 五加皮, 皮皮);
  • phî - literary (“naughty; brazen; to act shamelessly”).
Note:
  • puê5 - vernacular;
  • pi5 - literary.
    • (Leizhou)
      • Leizhou Pinyin: pue5 / pi5
      • Sinological IPA: /pʰuɛ²²/, /pʰi²²/
Note:
  • pue5 - vernacular;
  • pi5 - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (3)
Final () (13)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter bje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/bˠiᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun
/bᵚiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen
/biɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/bjiə̆/
Li
Rong
/bje/
Wang
Li
/bǐe/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/bʱie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
pei4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ bje ›
Old
Chinese
/*m-[p](r)aj/
English skin

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 9711
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*bral/

Definitions

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  1. skin; peel; shell; rind (Classifier: m c;  m c)
    [Cantonese]  ―  lat1 pei4 [Jyutping]  ―  to have flaky skin; to have peeling skin
      ―  shù  ―  bark
    香蕉  ―  xiāngjiāo   ―  banana peel
  2. hide; leather
      ―  xié  ―  leather shoes
  3. wrapper; cover; skin
    餃子饺子  ―  jiǎozi   ―  jiaozi wrapper
      ―  shū  ―  book cover
  4. surface; top part
      ―  shuǐ  ―  water surface
  5. rubber
      ―  jīn  ―  rubber band
  6. thin sheet; broad, flat piece (of some thin material)
      ―  tiě  ―  iron sheet
  7. soggy; no longer crispy due to moisture
    花生好像起來那麼 [MSC, trad.]
    花生好像起来那么 [MSC, simp.]
    Huāshēng hǎoxiàng biàn le, chī qǐlái méi nàme xiāng le. [Pinyin]
    The peanuts seem to have become soggy, so they don't taste as good.
  8. naughty; disobedient
    調  ―  tiáo  ―  naughty; mischievous
    這些孩子 [MSC, trad.]
    这些孩子 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhèxiē háizǐ tài le. [Pinyin]
    These children are too naughty.
    這個囡仔傷過 [Hokkien, trad.]
    这个囡仔伤过 [Hokkien, simp.]
    Chit-ê gín-á siong-kè phî. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    These children are too naughty.
  9. feeling indifferent due to excessive reprimands or chastisements; thick-skinned; callous
    早就媽媽 [MSC, trad.]
    早就妈妈 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā zǎojiù bèi māmā mà le. [Pinyin]
    He has long been scolded by his mother to not caring anymore.
  10. pico- (SI unit prefix)
      ―    ―  picometre
  11. sticky; glutinous; tenacious
      ―  táng  ―  sticky candy
  12. brazen; cheeky; shameless; impudent
    [Taiwanese Hokkien]  ―  phî-phî [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  shameless
  13. outer; superficial
  14. (Harbin Mandarin) face
  15. (Cantonese) side; edge
    [Cantonese]  ―  hoi2 pei4 [Jyutping]  ―  seaside
  16. (Cantonese, colloquial) Classifier for money: yuan; dollar; buck
    廿廿 [Cantonese]  ―  jaa6 gei2 pei4 [Jyutping]  ―  over twenty dollars
  17. (Cantonese, colloquial) Classifier for ten thousand dollars.
    [Cantonese]  ―  saam1 pei4 [Jyutping]  ―  thirty thousand dollars
  18. (Cantonese, colloquial) Classifier for size of implements, articles, etc..
  19. (Mainland China Hokkien) to act shamelessly; to act impudently; to be brazen
  20. (Guiyang Mandarin) Classifier for clothes.
  21. (Huizhou) Classifier for walls.
  22. (VTuber fandom slang) model
  23. a surname
Synonyms
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Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Definitions

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  1. (Cantonese) Short for 皮費皮费 (“operation expense”).

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: () (bi); () (hi)
  • Korean: 피(皮) (pi)
  • Vietnamese: ()

See also

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SI prefix
Last Next
/ / /  / (fēi)

Japanese

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Kanji

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(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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  • Go-on: (bi)
  • Kan-on: (hi, Jōyō)
  • Kun: かわ (kawa, , Jōyō)かは (kafa, , historical)

Compounds

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
かわ
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

/kapa//kaɸa//kawa/.

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *kapa.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(かわ) (kawaかは (kafa)?

  1. skin
    • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 2, page 33:
      皮 釋名云、皮. 音疲、加波
      Skin. The explanation says "skin; the Chinese reading is like that of (MC bje); the Japanese reading is kafa".
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References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese (MC bje). Recorded as Middle Korean (phi) (Yale: phi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 가죽 (gajuk pi))

  1. hanja form? of (skin)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: , bề, vừa, bầy, bìa, vào

  1. chữ Hán form of (skin; envelope).

Compounds

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