矮
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Translingual
edit| Stroke order | |||
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Han character
edit矮 (Kangxi radical 111, 矢+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 人大竹木女 (OKHDV), four-corner 82444, composition ⿰矢委)
References
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 825, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23995
- Dae Jaweon: page 1238, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2585, character 7
- Unihan data for U+77EE
Chinese
edit| trad. | 矮 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 矮 | |
| 2nd round simp. | 仦 | |
Glyph origin
editPhono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qraːlʔ) : semantic 矢 + phonetic 委 (OC *qrol, *qrolʔ).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ngai3
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ai2
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): ā̤
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 5a
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄞˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ǎi
- Wade–Giles: ai3
- Yale: ǎi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ae
- Palladius: ай (aj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˀaɪ̯²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ngai3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ngaai
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋai⁵³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ai2
- Yale: ái
- Cantonese Pinyin: ai2
- Guangdong Romanization: ei2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɐi̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ái
- Hakka Romanization System: ai`
- Hagfa Pinyim: ai3
- Sinological IPA: /ai̯³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ā̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɛ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu)
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: é
- Tâi-lô: é
- Phofsit Daibuun: ea
- IPA (Zhangzhou, Tainan, Yilan): /e⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /e⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ái
- Tâi-lô: ái
- Phofsit Daibuun: ae
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ai⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ai⁵⁵⁴/
Note:
- óe/é - vernacular;
- ái - literary.
- Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | 矮 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ai²¹⁴/ |
| Harbin | /ai²¹³/ /nai²¹³/ | |
| Tianjin | /nai¹³/ | |
| Jinan | /iɛ⁵⁵/ /ŋɛ⁵⁵/ 新 | |
| Qingdao | /iɛ⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ai⁵³/ | |
| Xi'an | /ŋai⁵³/ | |
| Xining | /nɛ⁵³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ɛ⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ɛ⁴⁴²/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ai⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /ŋai⁴²/ | |
| Chengdu | /ŋai⁵³/ | |
| Guiyang | /ŋai⁴²/ /ai⁴²/ 新 | |
| Kunming | /æ⁵³/ | |
| Nanjing | /ae²¹²/ | |
| Hefei | /ʐe̞²⁴/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ɣai⁵³/ |
| Pingyao | /ŋæ⁵³/ | |
| Hohhot | /ŋɛ⁵³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /a³⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /ɑ⁵¹/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ʔie̞⁵³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /a³⁵/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /ŋa³⁵/ |
| Tunxi | /ŋa³¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ŋai⁴¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /ŋai⁴²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ŋai²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ai³¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /ɑi³¹/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /ŋɐi³⁵/ |
| Nanning | /ɐi³⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /ŋɐi³⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /ai⁵³/ /ue⁵³/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /ɛ³²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ai²¹/ | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /oi⁵³/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /ɔi²¹³/ |
- Middle Chinese: 'eaX
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*qraːlʔ/
Definitions
edit矮
- (of stature) short
- low (of less than normal height)
- (Mainland China Hokkien) to fall short (compared to someone else)
Synonyms
editDialectal synonyms of 矮 (“short (in stature)”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 低 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 低 |
| Taiwan | 低 | |
| Malaysia | 低 | |
| Singapore | 低 | |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 低 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 低 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 矮, 低 |
| Wuhan | 低, 矮 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 低 |
| Hefei | 低, 矮 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 低 |
| Hong Kong | 低 | |
| Taishan | 低 | |
| Yangjiang | 低 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 低 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 低, 矮 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 低, 矮 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 低 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 矮 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 下, 矮 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 下 |
| Quanzhou | 下 | |
| Jinjiang | 下 | |
| Zhangzhou | 下 | |
| Tainan | 下 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 下 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 下 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 下 | |
| Chaozhou | 下, 矮 | |
| Shantou | 下 | |
| Jieyang | 下 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 下 | |
| Pontianak (Teochew) | 下 | |
| Singapore (Hainanese) | 低 | |
| Wu | Suzhou | 低 |
| Ningbo | 低, 矮 | |
| Zhoushan | 低, 矮 | |
| Wenzhou | 低, 矮 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 低, 矮, 下 |
| Shuangfeng | 低, 矮 | |
See also
editCompounds
edit- 低矮 (dī'ǎi)
- 白矮星 (bái'ǎixīng)
- 矬矮
- 矮了半截
- 矮人 (ǎirén)
- 矮人一截
- 矮人族
- 矮人看場／矮人看场
- 矮人看戲／矮人看戏
- 矮人觀場／矮人观场 (ǎirénguānchǎng)
- 矮仔
- 矮仔財／矮仔财
- 矮個／矮个 (ǎigè)
- 矮個兒／矮个儿 (ǎigèr)
- 矮個子／矮个子 (ǎigèzi)
- 矮冬瓜 (ǎidōngguā)
- 矮凳 (ǎidèng)
- 矮化 (ǎihuà)
- 矮囝
- 矮垛垛
- 矮墩墩 (ǎidūndūn)
- 矮奴
- 矮子 (ǎizi)
- 矮子看戲／矮子看戏 (ǎizikànxì)
- 矮子觀場／矮子观场
- 矮小 (ǎixiǎo)
- 矮小精悍
- 矮屋
- 矮巴溜丟／矮巴溜丢
- 矮星 (ǎixīng)
- 矮牆／矮墙
- 矮牆淺屋／矮墙浅屋
- 矮矬 (ǎicuó)
- 矮矬子
- 矮矬矬
- 矮篤篤／矮笃笃
- 矮紙／矮纸
- 矮胖 (ǎipàng)
- 矮行星 (ǎixíngxīng)
- 矮趴趴
- 矮陋
- 矮靈祭／矮灵祭
- 矮黃／矮黄
- 矲矮／𰦜矮
- 觀場矮人／观场矮人
- 說矮話／说矮话
- 鄙矮
- 高矮 (gāo'ǎi)
References
edit- “Entry #9769”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
Japanese
editKanji
edit矮
Readings
editCompounds
editKorean
editHanja
edit矮 • (wae) (hangeul 왜, McCune–Reischauer wae, Yale way)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
editHan character
edit- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
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- Japanese kanji with kun reading みじか・い
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