矮

矮 U+77EE, 矮 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-77EE ← 短 [U+77ED] CJK Unified Ideographs 矯 → [U+77EF]

Contents

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

矮 (radical 111, 矢+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 人大竹木女 (OKHDV), four-corner 8244₄, composition ⿰矢委)

References

• KangXi: page 825, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23995
• Dae Jaweon: page 1238, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2585, character 7
• Unihan data for U+77EE

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		矮

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (委) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
矮	*qraːlʔ
躷	*qraːlʔ
捼	*noːl, *nuːl, *njul
倭	*qoːl, *qoːlʔ, *qrol
涹	*qoːl
踒	*qoːl
餧	*nuːlʔ, *qrols
諉	*nols, *qrolʔ
痿	*njol, *qrol
萎	*qrol, *qrols
逶	*qrol
覣	*qrol
蜲	*qrol, *qrolʔ
委	*qrol, *qrolʔ
緌	*njul

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qraːlʔ): semantic 矢 + phonetic 委 (OC *qrol, *qrolʔ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): ǎi (ai³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄞˇ

  (Chengdu, SP): ngai³

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ai², ai³
• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): ai³
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): óe / é / ái

  (Teochew, Peng'im): oi²

• Wu (Wiktionary): a (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: ǎi
    • Zhuyin: ㄞˇ
    • Wade–Giles: ai³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ae
    • IPA ^(key): /ˀaɪ̯²¹⁴/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: ngai³
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ngaai
    • IPA ^(key): /ŋai⁵³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ai², ai³
    • Yale: ái, ai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ai², ai³
    • Guangdong Romanization: ei², ei³
    • IPA ^(key): /ɐi̯³⁵/, /ɐi̯³³/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

• Hakka
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ai³
    • IPA: /aɪ³¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: óe
    • Tâi-lô: ué
    • Phofsit Daibuun: oea
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ue⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Kinmen): /ue⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: é
    • Tâi-lô: é
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ea
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /e⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /e⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ái
    • Tâi-lô: ái
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ae
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /aɪ⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /aɪ⁵⁵⁴/

Note:

• óe/é - vernacular;
• ái - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: oi²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ói
  • IPA ^(key): /oi⁵²/

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wiktionary: a (T2)
  • IPA ^(key): /a̱³⁴/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 矮
Mandarin	Beijing	/ai²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/ai²¹³/ /nai²¹³/
	Tianjin	/nai¹³/
	Jinan	/iɛ⁵⁵/ /ŋɛ⁵⁵/ 新
	Qingdao	/iɛ⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/ai⁵³/
	Xi'an	/ŋai⁵³/
	Xining	/nɛ⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/ɛ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/ɛ⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/ai⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/ŋai⁴²/
	Chengdu	/ŋai⁵³/
	Guiyang	/ŋai⁴²/ /ai⁴²/ 新
	Kunming	/æ⁵³/
	Nanjing	/ae²¹²/
	Hefei	/ʐe̞²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɣai⁵³/
	Pingyao	/ŋæ⁵³/
	Hohhot	/ŋɛ⁵³/
Wu	Shanghai	/a³⁵/
	Suzhou	/ɑ⁵¹/
	Hangzhou	/ʔie̞⁵³/
	Wenzhou	/a³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/ŋa³⁵/
	Tunxi	/ŋa³¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/ŋai⁴¹/
	Xiangtan	/ŋai⁴²/
Gan	Nanchang	/ŋai²¹³/
Hakka	Meixian	/ai³¹/
	Taoyuan	/ɑi³¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/ŋɐi³⁵/
	Nanning	/ɐi³⁵/
	Hong Kong	/ŋɐi³⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/ai⁵³/ /ue⁵³/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/ɛ³²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/ai²¹/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/oi⁵³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/ɔi²¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ʔˠɛ^X/▼

Rime
Character	矮
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	佳 (31)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	烏蟹切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔˠɛX/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔᵚæX/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔæiX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔaɨjX/
Li Rong	/ʔɛX/
Wang Li	/aiX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔaiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǎ

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*qraːlʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	矮
Reading #	1/1
No.	12885
Phonetic component	委
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	矮
Old Chinese	/*qraːlʔ/

Definitions

矮

1. (of stature) short

   Antonyms: 高 (gāo)

2. low (of less than normal height)
3. (Mainland China Hokkien) to fall short (compared to someone else)

See also

• 低 (dī)
• 短 (duǎn)

Compounds

• 低矮 (dī'ǎi)
• 白矮星 (bái'ǎixīng)
• 矬矮
• 矮了半截
• 矮人 (ǎirén)
• 矮人一截
• 矮人族
• 矮人看場／矮人看场
• 矮人觀場／矮人观场
• 矮仔財／矮仔财
• 矮個／矮个 (ǎigè)
• 矮個兒／矮个儿 (ǎigèr)

• 矮個子／矮个子 (ǎigèzi)
• 矮冬瓜 (ǎidōngguā)
• 矮凳
• 矮化
• 矮墩墩 (ǎidūndūn)
• 矮子 (ǎizi)
• 矮子看戲／矮子看戏
• 矮子觀場／矮子观场
• 矮小 (ǎixiǎo)
• 矮小精悍
• 矮巴溜丟／矮巴溜丢
• 矮星 (ǎixīng)

• 矮牆／矮墙
• 矮牆淺屋／矮墙浅屋
• 矮矬
• 矮矬子
• 矮矬矬
• 矮胖 (ǎipàng)
• 矮行星 (ǎixíngxīng)
• 矮趴趴
• 矮靈祭／矮灵祭
• 矲矮
• 說矮話／说矮话
• 高矮 (gāo'ǎi)

References

• “Entry #9769”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

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Japanese

Kanji

矮

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. small, little, dwarf

Readings

• Go-on: え (e)
• Kan-on: あい (ai)
• Kan’yō-on: わい (wai)
• Kun: ひくい (hikui, 矮い); みじかい (mijikai, 矮い)

Compounds

• (small): 矮化, 矮躯, 矮小, 矮人, 矮星

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Korean

Hanja

矮 • (wae) (hangeul 왜, McCune–Reischauer wae, Yale way)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

矮 (ải)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.