gió
Middle Vietnamese edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Vietic *k-jɔːʔ ~ *kʰjɔːʔ, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kjaal.
Pronunciation edit
- (Đông Kinh) [ʝɔB1]
Noun edit
(classifier cơn) gió (逾, 𩖅, 𩙋, 𩙌, 𩙍, 𫕲, 𫖾, 𫗃, 𫗄)
- wind (movement of air)
- Gió đã tắt.
- The wind has stopped.
- gió bắc ― north wind
- gió đou᷄ ― east wind
- gió đou᷄ bắc ― northeasterly wind
- gió tây ― west wind
- gió nam ― south wind
- gió tây nam ― southwesterly wind
- cửa giàn gió ― open door
- Gió sáo᷄ giạt thuièn.
- Wind-whipped waves thrashed the boat.
- bùâm ăn gió ― wind in the sails
- Gió blúc cây.
- The wind uprooted trees.
- nơi khŏất gió ― shelter from the wind
- gió hút ꞗĕào ― inhalation
- gió thỏi ꞗĕào ― inhalation
- (alternative medicine) harmful elements that are believed to cause fevers, especially if the patient is exposed to a lot of wind, commonly thought of as actual harmful winds that can penetrate the body and that can be guarded against with silver-coated necklaces, wristbands or ankle bands
Synonyms edit
- (wind): phu᷄
Derived terms edit
- gió giung
- mưa gió (“rain and wind, inclement weather”)
- gió bão (“windstorm, hurricane, cyclone”)
- gió bớc (“northeasterly wind”)
- chính gió
- gió may (“northwesterly wind”)
- gió nồm (“southeasterly wind”)
- gió xuêi (“tailwind”)
- gió ngược (“headwind”)
- phải gió
- cơn gió (“storm”)
Descendants edit
- Vietnamese: gió
References edit
- De Rhodes, Alexandre (1651), “gió”, Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum.
- De Rhodes, Alexandre (1651), “ăn”, Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum.
- De Rhodes, Alexandre (1651), “blúc”, Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum.
- De Rhodes, Alexandre (1651), “cơn gió”, Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum.
- De Rhodes, Alexandre (1651), “giàn”, Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum.
- De Rhodes, Alexandre (1651), “giạt”, Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum.
- De Rhodes, Alexandre (1651), “hút”, Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum.
- De Rhodes, Alexandre (1651), “khŏất”, Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum.
- De Rhodes, Alexandre (1651), “phải”, Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum.
- De Rhodes, Alexandre (1651), “phu᷄”, Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum.
Vietnamese edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Vietnamese gió, from Proto-Vietic *k-jɔːʔ ~ *kʰjɔːʔ, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kjaal. Cognate with Muong xỏ, Arem kajɑːʔ, Pacoh cudyial, Khmer ខ្យល់ (khyɑl), Bahnar kial and Santali ᱦᱚᱭ (hôy).
Attested in Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經) as 𪬪, composed of 个 (MC kaH) + 愈 (MC yuX) (modern SV: cá dũ), and 愈 (MC yuX) (modern SV: dũ). Attested in the Annan Jishi (安南即事, 13th century) as 教 (MC kaewH) (compare the Sino-Korean and Sino-Japanese readings of the character).
The rime of the Vietic and Munda forms (with back, rounded vowel) does not really match with the rest of Austroasiatic (which has *-aːl) and is probably one of the few identifiable Vieto-Munda isoglosses. Compare Juang kojo, Chut [Rục] kəjɔː³ vs. Old Mon kyāl, Talieng kjaːl.
Pronunciation edit
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [zɔ˧˦]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [jɔ˨˩˦]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [jɔ˦˥]
- Homophone: dó
Audio (Hồ Chí Minh City) (file)
Noun edit
(classifier cơn, ngọn, con, luồng, làn) gió • (俞, 愈, 𪬪, 𫗄, 𫗃, 𩙍, 𫖾, 𩙌, 𩙋, 𫕲, 逾, 𩖅)
- wind (movement of air)
- Cơn gió nào đưa anh đến đây?
- What wind blows you here?
- Cuốn theo chiều gió ― Gone with the Wind
- (alternative medicine) harmful elements that are believed to cause fevers, especially if the patient is exposed to a lot of wind, commonly thought of as actual harmful winds that can penetrate the body and that can be guarded against with silver-coated necklaces, wristbands or ankle bands
- Yếu mà còn ra gió.
- You go out into the wind even though you're weak. / Don't expose yourself to the wind if you're so weak. / Don't try to do daring things if you really can't.
Usage notes edit
- The use of con as a classifier for this word is strictly literary or poetic.
Derived terms edit
See also edit
- khí (“air; gas; qi”)
- phong (“leprosy”)
- phong thấp (“rheumatism”)
- thống phong (“gout”)
- Chinese: 風/风 (fēng)
- Japanese: 風 (kaze, “wind”)
- Japanese: 風邪 (kaze, “cold”)