con
See also: Appendix:Variations of "con"
Contents
EnglishEdit
PronunciationEdit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /kɒn/
- (General American) enPR: kŏn, IPA(key): /kɑn/
- Rhymes: -ɒn
Audio (US) (file) - Homophone: conn; (General American) Khan
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle English connen, from Old English cunnan (“to know, know how”), from Proto-Germanic *kunnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (whence know). Doublet of can.
VerbEdit
con (third-person singular simple present cons, present participle conning, simple past and past participle conned)
- (rare) To study or examine carefully, especially in order to gain knowledge of; to learn, or learn by heart.
- 1599, William Shakespeare, Julius Caesar, Act IV, sc. 3:
- For Cassius is aweary of the world;
- Hated by one he loves; braved by his brother;
- Checked like a bondman; all his faults observed,
- Set in a notebook, learned, and conned by rote,
- To cast into my teeth.
- 1807, William Wordsworth, Poems, "Resolution and Independence" (composed 1802):
- At length, himself unsettling, he the pond
- Stirred with his staff, and fixedly did look
- Upon the muddy water, which he conned,
- As if he had been reading in a book
- 1795 Edmund Burke, Letter to a Noble Lord on the Attacks Made upon him and his Pension, in the House of Lords, by the Duke of Bedford and the Earl of Lauderdale, Early in the Present Session of Parliament:
- I did not come into parliament to con my lesson. I had earned my pension before I set my foot in St. Stephen's chapel.
- 1848, William Makepeace Thackeray, Vanity Fair, Chapter 21:
- During these delectable entertainments, Miss Wirt and the chaperon sate by, and conned over the peerage, and talked about the nobility.
- 1963, D'Arcy Niland, Dadda jumped over two elephants: short stories:
- The hawk rested on a crag of the gorge and conned the terrain with a fierce and frowning eye.
- 1599, William Shakespeare, Julius Caesar, Act IV, sc. 3:
- (rare, archaic) To know, understand, acknowledge.
- 1579, Edmund Spenser, Shepheardes Calender, Iune:
- Of Muses Hobbinol, I conne no skill
- 1579, Edmund Spenser, Shepheardes Calender, Iune:
Related termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
Abbreviation of Latin contra (“against”).
NounEdit
con (plural cons)
- A disadvantage of something, especially when contrasted with its advantages (pros).
- pros and cons
SynonymsEdit
AntonymsEdit
Related termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
disadvantage of something
|
Etymology 3Edit
NounEdit
con (plural cons)
TranslationsEdit
a convicted criminal, a convict
|
Etymology 4Edit
From con trick, shortened from confidence trick.
NounEdit
con (plural cons)
- (slang) A fraud; something carried out with the intention of deceiving, usually for personal, often illegal, gain.
SynonymsEdit
- See also Thesaurus:deception
TranslationsEdit
a fraud
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VerbEdit
con (third-person singular simple present cons, present participle conning, simple past and past participle conned)
- (transitive, slang) To trick or defraud, usually for personal gain.
SynonymsEdit
- (to be conned): be sold a pup (idiomatic, British, Australian)
TranslationsEdit
to trick or defraud, usually for personal gain
|
Related termsEdit
terms derived from "con" (swindle)
Etymology 5Edit
VerbEdit
con (third-person singular simple present cons, present participle conning, simple past and past participle conned)
- Alternative form of conn (“direct a ship”)
NounEdit
con (uncountable)
- Alternative form of conn (“navigational direction of a ship”)
Etymology 6Edit
Clipping of convention or conference.
NounEdit
con (plural cons)
- (informal) An organized gathering such as a convention, conference or congress.
Etymology 7Edit
Clipping of conversion.
NounEdit
con (plural cons)
- (informal) The conversion of part of a building.
- We're getting a loft con done next year.
Etymology 8Edit
Clipping of consumption.
NounEdit
con (uncountable)
See alsoEdit
AnagramsEdit
AragoneseEdit
AsturianEdit
CatalanEdit
DalmatianEdit
FalaEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Portuguese con, from Latin cum, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm.
PrepositionEdit
con
- with
- 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Chapter 2: Númerus:
- Cumu to é custión de proporciós, sin que sirva de argumentu por nun fel falta, poemus vel que en a misma Europa hai Estaus Soberarius con menus territoriu que os tres lugaris nossus, cumu:
- As everything is a matter of proportions, without its presence being an argument, we can see that even in Europe there are Sovereign States with less territory than our three places, such as:
AntonymsEdit
FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Latin cunnus, probably ultimately of Proto-Indo-European origin.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
con m (plural cons, feminine conne)
AdjectiveEdit
con (feminine singular conne, masculine plural cons, feminine plural connes)
See alsoEdit
Further readingEdit
- “con” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
AnagramsEdit
GalicianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese con, from Latin cum (“with”).
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
con
AntonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
ConjunctionEdit
con
Etymology 2Edit
Attested in local Medieval Latin documents as cauno, with a derived cauneto,[1] perhaps from Proto-Celtic *acaunon (“stone”)[2] rather than from Latin cōnus, which should have originated a word with a closed stressed vowel.[3]
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
con m (plural cons)
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “con” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
- “caun” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
- “con” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
- “con” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “con” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
- ^ "cauneto" in Galleciae Monumenta Historica.
- ^ Cf. Xavier Delamarre (2003) Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental, →ISBN, pages 30-31.
- ^ Joseph M. Piel (1953) Miscelânea de etimologia portuguesa a galega: primeira série[1], Coímbra: Universidade, page 99
IrishEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
con m sg
MutationEdit
| Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
| con | chon | gcon |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
ItalianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Latin cum (“with”), from Proto-Italic *kom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“next to, at, with, along”).
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
con
Usage notesEdit
- When followed by the definite article, con may be combined with the article to produce the following combined forms (old-fashioned, very rarely used apart from col and coi, which even then are uncommon):
con + article Combined form con + il col con + lo collo con + l' coll' con + i coi con + gli cogli con + la colla con + le colle
AntonymsEdit
LadinEdit
LigurianEdit
MuongEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- còn (tone sandhi)
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Vietic *kɔːn, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kuun or *kuən. Cognates include Old Mon kon, Khmer កូន (koun), Bahnar kon, Vietnamese con.
NounEdit
con
ClassifierEdit
con
- Indicates animals (including the human)
ReferencesEdit
- Hà Quang Phùng (2012-09-06) Tìm hiểu về ngữ pháp tiếng Mường (Thim hiếu wuê ngử pháp thiểng Mường) [Understanding Muong grammar][2] (FlashPaper, in Vietnamese, Muong), Thanh Sơn–Phú Thọ Province Continuing Education Center
Old FrenchEdit
Etymology 1Edit
NounEdit
con m (oblique plural cons, nominative singular cons, nominative plural con)
See alsoEdit
DescendantsEdit
- French: con
Etymology 2Edit
See conme.
ConjunctionEdit
con
- Alternative form of conme
Old IrishEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
con m
MutationEdit
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| con | chon | con pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/ |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Old PortugueseEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Latin cum, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm.
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
con
DescendantsEdit
SpanishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Latin cum (“with”), from Proto-Italic *kom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“next to, at, with, along”).
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
con
AntonymsEdit
See alsoEdit
VietnameseEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Vietic *kɔːn, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kuun ~ *kuən. Cognate with Muong còn, Thavung กอน, Mon ကွေန် (kon), Khmer កូន (koun), Bahnar kon, Khasi khun, Central Nicobarese kōan. Compare Chinese 子 (“child; small thing”), Japanese 子 (shi, ko, “child; small thing”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
(classifier đứa) con (昆, 𡥵) (phonemic reduplicatives cỏn con)
- child (daughter or son)
- con cóc con là con con cóc
- A toadlet is an offspring of a toad
- 1983, Ô-đi-xê [The Oddyssey], translated by Phan Thị Miến:
- — Tê-lê-mác, con ! Đừng làm rầy mẹ, mẹ còn muốn thử thách cha ở tại nhà này. Thế nào rồi mẹ con cũng sẽ nhận ra, chắc chắn như vậy. Hiện giờ cha còn bẩn thỉu, áo quần rách rưới, nên mẹ con khinh cha, chưa nói : “Đích thị là chàng rồi !”. […]
- — Telemachus, my son! Don’t you bother your mother, she still wants to put me to trials at this home. She will recognize me eventually, there is no doubt about that. I still look like a rascal, in torn clothes, that is why your mother still doubts me, she is yet to say: “It was definitely you this whole time!”. […]
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms
Derived termsEdit
NounEdit
See alsoEdit
PronounEdit
- I (used when talking to your parents)
- (familiar or dialectal, chiefly Central Vietnam and Southern Vietnam) I (used when talking to someone (presumably) much older)
- you (used when talking to your child)
- (familiar or dialectal, chiefly Central Vietnam and Southern Vietnam) you (used when talking to someone (presumably) much younger)
- Là con thật!
- It's you for real!
Usage notesEdit
- Sense (4) is chiefly used in central and southern Vietnam, perhaps extensively to northern-central Vietnam. In northern Vietnam, cháu is used instead. Some northerners, however, do use con, especially when talking to southern children on southern TV shows.
SynonymsEdit
- (you (4)): cháu
ClassifierEdit
con
- Indicates animals (including humans).
- Indicates knives, ships, boats, trains and irises.
- Indicates roads, rivers, streams and waves.
- (colloquial) Indicates wheeled vehicles.
- Anh mày có hẳn hai con xe Honda đấy nhớ!
- I have two Honda motorbikes!
Usage notesEdit
- Even though con người is used, it is generally thought of as a noun phrase on its own, and người does not require a classifier because it is itself a classifier (compare Japanese 人 (nin)). Một con người "a person" does not sound dehumanizing, but literary even, while một người sounds casual enough.
- The phrase con người is popularly employed as philosophical trope or device to bring up discussions about what it means to be human as opposed to be an animal.