con
See also: Appendix:Variations of "con"
EnglishEdit
PronunciationEdit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /kɒn/
- (General American) enPR: kŏn, IPA(key): /kɑn/
- Rhymes: -ɒn
Audio (US) (file) - Homophone: conn; (General American) Khan
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle English connen, from Old English cunnan (“to know, know how”), from Proto-West Germanic *kunnan, from Proto-Germanic *kunnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (whence know). Doublet of can.
VerbEdit
con (third-person singular simple present cons, present participle conning, simple past and past participle conned)
- (rare) To study or examine carefully, especially in order to gain knowledge of; to learn, or learn by heart.
- 1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii], page 125, column 1:
- For Caſſius is a-weary of the World: / Hated by one he loues, brau'd by his Brother, / Check'd like a bondman, all his faults obſeru'd, / Set in a Note-booke, learn'd, and con'd by roate / To caſt into my Teeth.
- 1815 [1802], William Wordsworth, Resolution and Independence:
- At length, himself unsettling, he the pond / Stirred with his staff, and fixedly did look / Upon the muddy water, which he conned, / As if he had been reading in a book
- 1795, Edmund Burke, Letter to a Noble Lord on the Attacks Made upon him and his Pension, in the House of Lords, by the Duke of Bedford and the Earl of Lauderdale, Early in the Present Session of Parliament:
- I did not come into parliament to con my lesson. I had earned my pension before I set my foot in St. Stephen's chapel.
- 1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 21, in Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC:
- During these delectable entertainments, Miss Wirt and the chaperon sate by, and conned over the peerage, and talked about the nobility.
- 1876–1877, Henry James, Jr., chapter 4, in The American, Boston, Mass.: James R[ipley] Osgood and Company, […], published 5 May 1877, →OCLC:
- He read old almanacs at the book-stalls on the quays, and he began to frequent another café, where more newspapers were taken and his postprandial demitasse cost him a penny extra, and where he used to con the tattered sheets for curious anecdotes, freaks of nature, and strange coincidences.
- 1963, D'Arcy Niland, Dadda jumped over two elephants: short stories:
- The hawk rested on a crag of the gorge and conned the terrain with a fierce and frowning eye.
- (rare, obsolete) To know; understand; acknowledge.
- 1579, Immeritô [pseudonym; Edmund Spenser], “Iune”, in The Shepheardes Calender: […], London: […] Hugh Singleton, […], →OCLC; reprinted as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, The Shepheardes Calender […], London: John C. Nimmo, […], 1890, →OCLC:
- Of Muses Hobbinol, I conne no skill
Related termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
Abbreviation of Latin contra (“against”).
NounEdit
con (plural cons)
- A disadvantage of something, especially when contrasted with its advantages (pros).
- pros and cons
SynonymsEdit
AntonymsEdit
Related termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
disadvantage of something
|
Etymology 3Edit
NounEdit
con (plural cons)
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
a convicted criminal, a convict
|
Etymology 4Edit
From con trick, shortened from confidence trick.
NounEdit
con (plural cons)
- (informal) A fraud; something carried out with the intention of deceiving, usually for personal, often illegal, gain.
- Synonyms: scam; see also Thesaurus:deception
- 2021 February 23, Rafael Behr, “Brexit is a machine to generate perpetual grievance. It's doing its job perfectly”, in The Guardian[2]:
- Leavers will be attracted to that story because it spares them the discomfort of admitting that they voted for a con, and then made a prime minister of the con artist.
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
a fraud
|
VerbEdit
con (third-person singular simple present cons, present participle conning, simple past and past participle conned)
- (transitive, informal) To trick or defraud, usually for personal gain.
- Synonyms: (British, Australian) be sold a pup; see also Thesaurus:deceive
- 2017 July 17, Martin Lukacs, “Neoliberalism has conned us into fighting climate change as individuals”, in The Guardian[3]:
- Neoliberalism has conned us into fighting climate change as individuals [title]
TranslationsEdit
to trick or defraud, usually for personal gain
|
Related termsEdit
terms derived from "con" (swindle)
Etymology 5Edit
VerbEdit
con (third-person singular simple present cons, present participle conning, simple past and past participle conned)
- Alternative form of conn (“direct a ship”)
NounEdit
con (uncountable)
- Alternative form of conn (“navigational direction of a ship”)
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 6Edit
Clipping of convention or conference.
NounEdit
con (plural cons)
- (informal) An organized gathering, such as a convention, conference, or congress.
- 1995 September 4, Lindsay Crawford, “Re: Intersection”, in rec.arts.sf.fandom, Usenet[4], message-ID <9509042250393785@emerald.com>:
- I can't speak for Faye as ed of FHAPA, but it would be really swell of someone could send us a set of Intersection daily newszines, plus any con flyers or other fannish papers that were there to had for the picking up: fannish things, you know, not including media, gaming, filking or costuming, fine fun but not my cup of blog, thank you.
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 7Edit
Clipping of conversion.
NounEdit
con (plural cons)
- (informal) The conversion of part of a building.
- We're getting a loft con done next year.
Etymology 8Edit
Clipping of consumption.
NounEdit
con (uncountable)
Etymology 9Edit
Origin uncertain. Perhaps a clipping of Middle English acquerne, aquerne, ocquerne, okerne (“squirrel”), from Old English ācweorna, āqueorna, āquorna, ācurna (“squirrel”), from Proto-West Germanic *aikwernō, from Proto-Germanic *aikwernô (“squirrel”); or from its Old Norse cognate íkorni (“squirrel”), from the same ultimate source. Cognate with West Frisian iikhoarn (“squirrel”), Dutch eekhoorn (“squirrel”), German Eichhorn (“squirrel”), Icelandic íkorni (“squirrel”).
Alternative formsEdit
NounEdit
con (plural cons)
- (zoology, dialectal or obsolete) Squirrel, particularly the red squirrel.
- (Northern England, obsolete) A squirrel's nest.
Etymology 10Edit
Clipping of conservative; compare lib.
NounEdit
con (plural cons)
- (abbreviation) A political conservative.
- own the cons
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
English terms containing "con" etymologically unrelated to the above entries
AnagramsEdit
AragoneseEdit
EtymologyEdit
PrepositionEdit
con
AsturianEdit
EtymologyEdit
PrepositionEdit
con
Derived termsEdit
CatalanEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
NounEdit
con m (plural cons)
Related termsEdit
ChineseEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Clipping of Happy Corner, from English Happy Corner.
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
con
- (Hong Kong Cantonese) Synonym of Happy Corner.
VerbEdit
con
- (Hong Kong Cantonese, chiefly school slang) to perform Happy Corner on someone
- 2004, “大學迎新出軌玩Con撞下體”, in 大學線[5]:
- 調查顯示，有七成男生是在不情願的情況下被con的。另外，近四成受訪者表示即使「被con者」反抗，也不會停止con人。
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
Etymology 2Edit
From clipping of English contact lens.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
con
- (Hong Kong Cantonese) contact lens (Classifier: 隻／只 c; 粒 c; 副 c)
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 3Edit
From clipping of English consultation or English consult.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
con
- (Hong Kong Cantonese, university slang) to consult or to question the student society candidate before the election
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 4Edit
From clipping of English contractor.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
con
- (Hong Kong Cantonese, chiefly engineering) contractor
- sub con [Cantonese] ― sap6 kon6 [Jyutping] ― subcontractor
DalmatianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PrepositionEdit
con
Etymology 2Edit
NounEdit
con m
FalaEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- cun (Lagarteiru, less common in Valverdeñu)
EtymologyEdit
From Old Portuguese con, from Latin cum, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm.
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
con
- (Mañegu, Valverdeñu) with
- Antonym: sin
- 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Chapter 2: Númerus:
- Cumu to é custión de proporciós, sin que sirva de argumentu por nun fel falta, poemus vel que en a misma Europa hai Estaus Soberarius con menus territoriu que os tres lugaris nossus, cumu:
- As everything is a matter of proportions, without its presence being an argument, we can see that even in Europe there are Sovereign States with less territory than our three places, such as:
ReferencesEdit
FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Latin cunnus, probably ultimately of Proto-Indo-European origin.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
con m (plural cons, feminine conne)
- (vulgar) cunt, pussy (the female genitalia)
- (vulgar) arsehole, asshole, fucktard, cunt, retard (stupid person)
- 2021, Angèle, Plus de sens
- Comme un con qui dit ce qu'il pense, […] rien n'a plus de sens.
- Like an asshole who says what he thinks, [...] nothing makes sense anymore.
- 2021, Angèle, Plus de sens
AdjectiveEdit
con (feminine conne, masculine plural cons, feminine plural connes)
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “con”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
AnagramsEdit
GalicianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese con, from Latin cum (“with”).
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
con
Derived termsEdit
ConjunctionEdit
con
Etymology 2Edit
Attested in local Medieval Latin documents as cauno, with a derived cauneto,[1] from Proto-Celtic *akaunon (“stone”),[2] from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱmō.[3] Unlikely from Latin cōnus, which should have originated a word with a closed stressed vowel.[4] Doublet of gouño.
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
con m (plural cons)
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “con” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “caun” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “con” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “con” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “con” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
- ^ "cauneto" in Galleciae Monumenta Historica.
- ^ Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991), “con II”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
- ^ Cf. Xavier Delamarre (2003) Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental, →ISBN, pages 30-31.
- ^ Joseph M. Piel (1953) Miscelânea de etimologia portuguesa a galega: primeira série[1], Coímbra: Universidade, page 99
IrishEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
con m sg
MutationEdit
| Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
| con | chon | gcon |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
ItalianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Latin cum (“with”), from Proto-Italic *kom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“next to, at, with, along”).
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
con
Usage notesEdit
- When followed by the definite article, con may be combined with the article to produce the following combined forms (marking these combined forms in writing is old-fashioned, and very rarely used apart from col and coi; however, it has always been very common in speech, and it still is):
con + article Combined form con + il col con + lo collo con + l' coll' con + i coi con + gli cogli con + la colla con + le colle
AntonymsEdit
LadinEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- cun (Gherdëina, Badia)
EtymologyEdit
PrepositionEdit
con
LigurianEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
con
Middle IrishEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
con m
MutationEdit
| Middle Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| con | chon | con pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/ |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
MuongEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Vietic *kɔːn, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kuun or *kuən. Cognates include Old Mon kon, Khmer កូន (koun), Bahnar kon, Vietnamese con.
NounEdit
con
- (Mường Bi) child
ClassifierEdit
con
- (Mường Bi) Indicates animals (including the human)
ReferencesEdit
- Hà Quang Phùng (2012-09-06) Tìm hiểu về ngữ pháp tiếng Mường (Thim hiếu wuê ngử pháp thiểng Mường) [Understanding Muong grammar][7] (FlashPaper, in Vietnamese, Muong), Thanh Sơn–Phú Thọ Province Continuing Education Center, archived from the original on 2016-09-19
Old FrenchEdit
Etymology 1Edit
NounEdit
con m (oblique plural cons, nominative singular cons, nominative plural con)
DescendantsEdit
- French: con
See alsoEdit
Etymology 2Edit
See conme.
ConjunctionEdit
con
- Alternative form of conme
Old IrishEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
con m
MutationEdit
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| con | chon | con pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/ |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Old PortugueseEdit
EtymologyEdit
Inherited from Latin cum, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm.
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
con
DescendantsEdit
Old SpanishEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
con
- with
- c. 1200, Cantar del Mio Cid:
- Çid, en el nuestro mal vos non ganades nada;
mas ¡el Criador vos vala con todas sus vertudes sanctas!»- Cid, from our ill you gain nothing;
but may the Creator protect you with all his holy powers!
- Cid, from our ill you gain nothing;
DescendantsEdit
SpanishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Latin cum (“with”), from Proto-Italic *kom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“next to, at, with, along”).
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
con
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
Further readingEdit
- “con”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
VietnameseEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Vietic *kɔːn, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kuun ~ *kuən. Cognate with Muong còn, Thavung กอน, Mon ကွေန် (kon), Khmer កូន (koun), Bahnar kon, Khasi khun, Central Nicobarese kōan. For semantic relations, compare Chinese 子 (“child; small thing; son”), Japanese 子 (shi, ko, “child; small thing; son; boy; girl”). See also non (“young, juvenile”).
Attested in the Annan Jishi (安南即事, 13th century) as 乾 (MC kɑn).
PronunciationEdit
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [kɔn˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [kɔŋ˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [kɔŋ˧˧]
Audio (Ho Chi Minh City) (file)
NounEdit
- a child (daughter or son)
- con cái ― children
- con nuôi ― an adopted child
- gà con ― a chick
- Con cóc con là con con cóc.
- A toadlet is an offspring of a toad.
- 1983, Homer, Phan Thị Miến, transl., Ô-đi-xê [The Odyssey]:
- Tê-lê-mác, con ! Đừng làm rầy mẹ, mẹ còn muốn thử thách cha ở tại nhà này. Thế nào rồi mẹ con cũng sẽ nhận ra, chắc chắn như vậy. Hiện giờ cha còn bẩn thỉu, áo quần rách rưới, nên mẹ con khinh cha, chưa nói : “Đích thị là chàng rồi !”. […]
- Telemachus, my son! Don’t you bother your mother, she still wants to put me to trials at this home. She will recognize me eventually, there is no doubt about that. I still look like a rascal, in torn clothes, that is why your mother still doubts me, she is yet to say: “It was definitely you this whole time!”. […]
- (rare, chiefly in translations of ancient texts) a son
- Antonym: con gái
- (only in compounds, in fixed expressions) build; stature
Derived termsEdit
NounEdit
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
PronounEdit
- I/me (used by children when talking to their parents)
- (chiefly Central Vietnam and Southern Vietnam) I/me (used when talking to someone significantly older than the speaker)
- you (used by parents when talking to their children)
- (chiefly Central Vietnam and Southern Vietnam) you (used when talking to some significantly younger than the speaker)
- Là con thật!
- It's you for real!
Usage notesEdit
- Sense (4) is chiefly used in Central and Southern Vietnam, perhaps extensively to North Central Vietnam. In Northern Vietnam, cháu is used instead. Some Northerners, however, do use con, especially when talking to Southern children on Southern TV shows.
SynonymsEdit
- (you (4)): cháu
ClassifierEdit
con
- Indicates animals (including humans).
- (disrespectful) Indicates female people.
- Antonym: thằng
- một thằng, hai con ― one guy, two girls
- Indicates knives, ships, boats, trains and eye pupils.
- con dao ― a knife
- Indicates roads, rivers, streams and waves.
- trên con đường đến hạnh phúc ― on the road/path to happiness
- (somewhat literary) Indicates written characters.
- con chữ ― a character or letter
- (colloquial) Indicates wheeled vehicles.
- Anh mày có hẳn hai con xe Honda đấy nhớ!
- I have two Honda motorbikes!
- (colloquial) Indicates video games and movies.
- Ông chơi con game này chưa?
- Have you played this game?
Usage notesEdit
- Even though con người is used, it is generally thought of as a noun phrase on its own, and người does not require a classifier because it is itself a classifier (compare Japanese 人 (nin)). Một con người "a person" does not sound dehumanizing, but even literary, while một người sounds casual enough.
- The phrase con người is popularly employed as a philosophical trope or device to bring up discussions about what it means to be human as opposed to being an animal, even though it is not really semantically convincing given the fact that humans are, zoologically, animals, and there are non-animal things going with this classifier.
Derived termsEdit
Lua error: not enough memory. See Wiktionary:Lua memory errors for more information.
See alsoEdit
- Lua error: not enough memory. See Wiktionary:Lua memory errors for more information.
Lua error: not enough memory. See Wiktionary:Lua memory errors for more information.
ZazakiEdit
EtymologyEdit
Related to Lua error: not enough memory. See Wiktionary:Lua memory errors for more information..
NounEdit
Lua error: not enough memory. See Wiktionary:Lua memory errors for more information.