graf
English edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio (AU) (file)
Etymology 1 edit
From German Graf (“count”). Doublet of graaf and grave.
Noun edit
graf (plural grafs)
- (uncommon, now historical) A German or Austrian count.
- 1843 February, "Graf de Tropp", in Fraser's Magazine for Town and Country, volume 27, [books.google.com/books?id=9ZUtAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA200 page 200]:
- Without ceremony, the Graf, on his entering the drawing-room, seated himself at the piano-forte, and proposed affording his new friends "a leetle example" how music was performed in Hungary.
- 1843 February, "Graf de Tropp", in Fraser's Magazine for Town and Country, volume 27, [books.google.com/books?id=9ZUtAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA200 page 200]:
Coordinate terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Phonetic respelling of clipping of paragraph.
Noun edit
graf (plural grafs)
- (journalism, slang) A paragraph.
Etymology 3 edit
Noun edit
graf (uncountable)
- Alternative spelling of graff (“graffiti”)
- 2002, Janice Rahn, Painting Without Permission: Hip-hop Graffiti Subculture, page 7:
- For example, a current trend in graf is to simulate a three-dimensional effect (see Figure 1.2). No one graf artist is associated with having developed this method.
- 2012, P. D. Smith, City: A Guidebook for the Urban Age, page 84:
- Naar had been photographing the 'palimpsest of writings and marks on walls' since 1955 and he says his interest in graf is 'political, in the Greek sense of engagement with the life of the "polis", or city-state'.
Derived terms edit
Anagrams edit
Afrikaans edit
Etymology edit
From Dutch graf and graft (see the plural).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
graf (plural grafte)
Albanian edit
Alternative forms edit
Verb edit
graf (aorist grafa, participle grafë)
References edit
- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “graf ~ grah”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 121
Catalan edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
graf m (plural grafs)
Further reading edit
- “graf” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “graf”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
Czech edit
Etymology edit
Derived from Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
graf m inan
- graph (mathematical diagram)
- (graph theory) graph (nodes and edges connecting the nodes)
- chart (graphical presentation)
Declension edit
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
See also edit
Further reading edit
Danish edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
graf
- graph, visualization of an equation or a function
- (graph theory) graph
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle Dutch graf, from Old Dutch *graf, from Proto-Germanic *grabą, *grabō (“grave, trench, ditch”).
Noun edit
graf n (plural graven, diminutive grafje n)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
From French grave (“serious, grave”). Most likely influenced by Dutch erg which can mean "serious, grave" as well as "very". The alternative form graaf (“very”), also slang, has the same origin and meaning, but stays closer to the original French pronunciation.
Adverb edit
graf
French edit
Noun edit
graf m (plural grafs)
- (slang) Clipping of graffiti.
- L’usage du tag et du graf s’affirme d’autant plus comme un pouvoir de communication tribale constituant un code secret.
- The use of tags and graffiti is establishing itself all the more as a means of tribal communication constituting a secret code.
Further reading edit
- “graf”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Icelandic edit
Noun edit
graf n (genitive singular grafs, nominative plural gröf)
Declension edit
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
graf (plural graf-graf, first-person possessive grafku, second-person possessive grafmu, third-person possessive grafnya)
- (linguistics, typography) graph: A graphical unit on the token-level, the abstracted fundamental shape of a character or letter as distinct from its ductus (realization in a particular typeface or handwriting on the instance-level) and as distinct by a grapheme on the type-level by not fundamentally distinguishing meaning.
- Synonym: huruf
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “graf” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Irish edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
graf m (genitive singular graif, nominative plural graif)
Declension edit
- Alternative plural: grafanna
Derived terms edit
- grafach (“graphic(al)”, adjective)
- grafeolaíocht f (“graphology”)
- grafpháipéar m (“graph paper”)
- graiftheoiric f (“graph theory”)
Related terms edit
- grafachas m (“graphism”)
Verb edit
graf (present analytic grafann, future analytic grafaidh, verbal noun grafadh, past participle grafa)
- (transitive, intransitive, literary) write; draw, sketch
- (transitive, mathematics, statistics) graph, plot, chart
Conjugation edit
* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Mutation edit
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
graf | ghraf | ngraf |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “graf”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Kashubian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
graf m inan
Declension edit
Further reading edit
- Jan Trepczyk (1994) “hrabia”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1-2
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “hrabia”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[1]
- “graf”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
Middle English edit
Noun edit
graf
- Alternative form of grave
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
graf m (definite singular grafen, indefinite plural grafer, definite plural grafene)
- graph (diagram)
References edit
- “graf” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
graf m (definite singular grafen, indefinite plural grafar, definite plural grafane)
- graph (diagram)
References edit
- “graf” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old English edit
Etymology edit
Uncertain, lacking cognates in other Germanic languages. Perhaps from grafan (“to dig”), similar to drāf (“drove”) and drifan.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
grāf ?
Declension edit
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants edit
References edit
- ^ Puppel, S. (2010). Language History and Linguistic Modelling: A Festschrift for Jacek Fisiak on His 60th Birthday. Germany: De Gruyter., p. 134-135
Old Spanish edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
graf m or f (plural graves)
Polish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Old Polish grof. Doublet of grabia and hrabia.
Noun edit
graf m pers
- (historical) count (male ruler of a county)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Internationalism; compare English graph, French graphe, German Graph, ultimately from Ancient Greek γράφειν (gráphein).
Noun edit
graf m inan
- (mathematics) graph
- Hypernym: wykres
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
Noun edit
graf m inan
Declension edit
Further reading edit
Romanian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
graf n (plural grafuri)
Declension edit
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) graf | graful | (niște) grafuri | grafurile |
genitive/dative | (unui) graf | grafului | (unor) grafuri | grafurilor |
vocative | grafule | grafurilor |
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
graf m (plural grafi)
Declension edit
Scottish Gaelic edit
Noun edit
graf m (genitive singular grafa, plural grafaichean)
Derived terms edit
Serbo-Croatian edit
Noun edit
grȁf m (Cyrillic spelling гра̏ф)
- (mathematics) graph
- (graph theory) graph
Declension edit
Swedish edit
Etymology 1 edit
From English graph, shortened from graphic formula.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
graf c
- (mathematics) graph, the set
- (graph theory) graph; an ordered set (V,E) of edges which joins to the vertices such that each of the edge's ends is located at a vertex
Declension edit
Declension of graf | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | graf | grafen | grafer | graferna |
Genitive | grafs | grafens | grafers | grafernas |
Related terms edit
See also edit
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
graf c
Declension edit
Declension of graf | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | graf | grafven | grafvar | grafvarna |
Genitive | grafs | grafvens | grafvars | grafvarnas |
Volapük edit
Noun edit
graf (nominative plural grafs)
- count (ruler of a county)