heil
English edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from German Heil. Doublet of whole, hail, and hale.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
heil (third-person singular simple present heils, present participle heiling, simple past and past participle heiled)
- To greet with a Sieg Heil.
Related terms edit
Translations edit
Noun edit
heil (plural heils)
- A Sieg Heil.
- 1937, Pathfinder, volume 44, Farm Journal, Incorporated, page 15, column 1:
- Nazi “heils,” Nazi songs and Nazi swastikas are distasteful to most democracy-loving citizens.
- 1938, Investigation of Un-American Propaganda Activities in the United States: Hearings Before a Special Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Seventy-Fifth Congress, Third Session, on H. Res. 282, volume 1, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, page 1123:
- Health, Hitler, heils, and hatred are the “four H’s” used by United States Nazis to prevent Americanization of children whose parents are members of the German-American Bund.
- 1938, The Advocate: America’s Jewish Journal, volume 94, page 22, column 1:
- Newsdealer Isador Gennett, the Bronx Jewish war veteran who created an international stir last October by laying a wreath at the German war memorial in Berlin to the accompaniment of Nazi “heils,” came to the defense of a fellow newsdealer, Joseph Ohmann, a German Catholic, by picketing his newsstand to prove he is not, as has been charged, a Nazi.
- 1940, Elswyth Thane, “Here We Go Again”, in England Was an Island Once, New York, N.Y.: Harcourt, Brace and Company, page 227:
- “Meanwhile,” said the Evening News, “the new German-Soviet entente presents a baffling picture. We see Herr Ribbentrop, the arch enemy of Communism and the life and soul of the Anti-Comintern Pact, who once referred to Communism as ‘the most terrible of all diseases,’ presenting himself on the doorstep of a be-swastika’d Moscow while the German Embassy staff greets him with ‘heils’ and Nazi salutes and the Russian-in-the-street looks on in silent but respectful astonishment. […]”
- 1946, The Polish Review and East European Affairs, volume 6, page 6, column 2:
- […] who simply walked out of the camp dressed as German guards, duplicating Nazi heils, the goosestep and other mannerisms.
- 1948, Louis P[aul] Lochner, transl., The Goebbels Diaries, New York, N.Y.: Charter, page 15:
- Later I drove to the meeting and talked for two hours. Tremendous applause. Then heils and hand-clapping.
- 1979, Gene Brown, editor, The New York Times Encyclopedia of Sports: Track and Field, Arno Press, →ISBN, page 76:
- While frantic “heils” burst forth […]
- 1987, Thomas J. Harris, Courtroom’s Finest Hour in American Cinema, Metuchen, N.J., London: The Scarecrow Press, Inc., →ISBN, page 132:
- Occasionally, however, the results are somewhat questionable: the four-minute overture--comprised of slowly rising Nazi "heils"--which precedes the credits, for example, seems little more than an irritating delay; it is usually deleted when the film is shown on television.
- 1991, Margot Abbott, The Last Innocent Hour, New York, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Press, →ISBN, page 145:
- When they were finished, they raised their arms in the salute Hider stole from Mussolini, and thundered their heils to the heavens.
- 1993, John Sack, An Eye for an Eye: The Untold Story of Jewish Revenge Against Germans in 1945, BasicBooks, →ISBN, page 103:
- By now, the SS, Storm Section, Hitler Youth and Nazi suspects were like the crowd at a Hitler rally. Their mouths were a row of red circles, as open as megaphone ends. To look at, the men could be singing, marching, stomping over the flopping remains of Shlomo’s father, mother, brothers, giving their heils, and Shlomo now hated them.
- 2006, Ronald Weber, “The Dear Paris Herald”, in News of Paris: American Journalists in the City of Light Between the Wars, Chicago, Ill.: Ivan R. Dee, →ISBN, page 71:
- Three days later, in the Mailbag of May 14, Pauline Avery Crawford made her decision: / Sing a song of sick pacts, / A pocket full of lies, / War and twenty blackmails / Baked by the spies; / When the war was opened / The spies began their heils / Until a Yankee Eagle flew / Across three thousand miles.
- 2013, Carrie Vaughn, “Unternehmen Werwolf”, in Paula Guran, editor, Halloween: Magic, Mystery, and the Macabre, Prime Books, →ISBN, page 90:
- He wasn’t a boy, a feckless common soldier, he was a wolf. Hitler’s werewolves, the colonel called them, and they saluted with their heils and expected victory.
Derived terms edit
Anagrams edit
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Dutch heil, from Old Dutch heil.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
heil n (uncountable)
Derived terms edit
Anagrams edit
Finnish edit
Pronoun edit
heil
German edit
Alternative forms edit
- heile (chiefly colloquial; rarely in writing)
Etymology edit
From Middle High German heil, from Old High German heil, from Proto-West Germanic *hail, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ilos (“healthy, whole”).
In older High German only used of the human body and soul; the modern use also of things is based on Middle Low German hêl, from Old Saxon hēl. The more general sense “whole, entire” did not establish itself in standard German (except in fixed combinations like heilfroh). Cognate with Dutch heel, Low German heel, heil, English whole, hale, Danish hel.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
heil (strong nominative masculine singular heiler, comparative heiler, superlative am heilsten)
- whole; intact; unhurt; safe
- Synonym: unversehrt
- Gut, dass du heil wieder zurück bist. ― I’m glad you’re back safe.
- Die Tasse ist noch heil. ― The cup is still intact.
- (in combination with certain nouns) sheltered; innocent; ideal
- heile Kindheit ― innocent childhood
- heile Welt ― ideal world
Declension edit
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist heil | sie ist heil | es ist heil | sie sind heil | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | heiler | heile | heiles | heile |
genitive | heilen | heiler | heilen | heiler | |
dative | heilem | heiler | heilem | heilen | |
accusative | heilen | heile | heiles | heile | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der heile | die heile | das heile | die heilen |
genitive | des heilen | der heilen | des heilen | der heilen | |
dative | dem heilen | der heilen | dem heilen | den heilen | |
accusative | den heilen | die heile | das heile | die heilen | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein heiler | eine heile | ein heiles | (keine) heilen |
genitive | eines heilen | einer heilen | eines heilen | (keiner) heilen | |
dative | einem heilen | einer heilen | einem heilen | (keinen) heilen | |
accusative | einen heilen | eine heile | ein heiles | (keine) heilen |
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist heiler | sie ist heiler | es ist heiler | sie sind heiler | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | heilerer | heilere | heileres | heilere |
genitive | heileren | heilerer | heileren | heilerer | |
dative | heilerem | heilerer | heilerem | heileren | |
accusative | heileren | heilere | heileres | heilere | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der heilere | die heilere | das heilere | die heileren |
genitive | des heileren | der heileren | des heileren | der heileren | |
dative | dem heileren | der heileren | dem heileren | den heileren | |
accusative | den heileren | die heilere | das heilere | die heileren | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein heilerer | eine heilere | ein heileres | (keine) heileren |
genitive | eines heileren | einer heileren | eines heileren | (keiner) heileren | |
dative | einem heileren | einer heileren | einem heileren | (keinen) heileren | |
accusative | einen heileren | eine heilere | ein heileres | (keine) heileren |
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist am heilsten | sie ist am heilsten | es ist am heilsten | sie sind am heilsten | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | heilster | heilste | heilstes | heilste |
genitive | heilsten | heilster | heilsten | heilster | |
dative | heilstem | heilster | heilstem | heilsten | |
accusative | heilsten | heilste | heilstes | heilste | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der heilste | die heilste | das heilste | die heilsten |
genitive | des heilsten | der heilsten | des heilsten | der heilsten | |
dative | dem heilsten | der heilsten | dem heilsten | den heilsten | |
accusative | den heilsten | die heilste | das heilste | die heilsten | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein heilster | eine heilste | ein heilstes | (keine) heilsten |
genitive | eines heilsten | einer heilsten | eines heilsten | (keiner) heilsten | |
dative | einem heilsten | einer heilsten | einem heilsten | (keinen) heilsten | |
accusative | einen heilsten | eine heilste | ein heilstes | (keine) heilsten |
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
Icelandic edit
Adjective edit
heil (masculine heill, feminine heil, neuter heilt)
- (indefinite) feminine singular nominative of heill
- (indefinite) neuter plural nominative of heill
- (indefinite) neuter plural accusative of heill
Ingrian edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈhei̯lːæ/, [ˈhe̞i̯lʲː]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈhei̯l/, [ˈhe̞i̯lʲ]
- Rhymes: -ei̯lː, -ei̯l
- Hyphenation: heil
- Homophone: heille
Pronoun edit
heil
References edit
- V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka[1], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 98
Middle English edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse heill, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz (“whole; entire; healthy”). Doublet of hole.
Adjective edit
heil
Alternative forms edit
References edit
- “heil, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Noun edit
heil (uncountable)
Alternative forms edit
References edit
- “heil, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Interjection edit
heil
- hail!
Alternative forms edit
References edit
- “heil, interj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
heil
- Alternative form of hele (“heel”)
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology edit
Adjective edit
heil (neuter singular heilt, definite singular and plural heile)
- alternative form of hel
Derived terms edit
See also terms derived from hel
References edit
- “heil” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse heill, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ilos (“healthy, whole”). Akin to English whole.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
heil (neuter heilt, definite singular and plural heile, comparative heilare, indefinite superlative heilast, definite superlative heilaste)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Interjection edit
heil
Verb edit
heil
- imperative of heile
References edit
- “heil” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams edit
Old Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *hail, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz.
Adjective edit
heil
- whole, healthy
References edit
Old High German edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-West Germanic *hail, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz, whence also Old Saxon hēl, Old English hāl, Old Norse heill, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 (hails), Vandalic eils. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ilos (“healthy, whole”).
Adjective edit
heil
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Germanic *hailą, whence also Old English hæl, Old Norse heill.
Noun edit
heil n
Descendants edit
- German: Heil
Old Norse edit
Adjective edit
heil
- feminine singular indefinite nominative of heill (“whole”)
- neuter plural indefinite nominative/accusative of heill (“whole”)
Veps edit
Pronoun edit
heil