plum
EnglishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle English plomme, ploume, from Old English plūme, from Proto-West Germanic *plūmā, borrowed from Latin prūnum. Doublet of prune.
NounEdit
plum (plural plums)
- The fruit and its tree.
- An edible, fleshy stone fruit of Prunus domestica (European plum), often of a dark red or purple colour. [from 8th c.]
- A stone-fruit tree which bears this fruit, Prunus domestica. [from 8th c.]
- The edible, fleshy stone fruit of several species resembling the plum, or the tree from which they grow. [from 16th c.]
- Prunus sect. Prunus
- Prunus sect. Prunocerasus North American plums
- Prunus sect. Armeniaca (better known as apricots)
- Prunus mume, an Asian fruit more closely related to the apricot than the plum, usually consumed pickled, dried, or as a juice or wine; ume.
- (now rare) A dried grape or raisin, as used in a pudding or cake. [from 17th c.]
- 1870, Louisa May Alcott, An Old-Fashioned Girl:
- “Bright boy! here’s a plum for you,” and Polly threw a plump raisin into his mouth.
- 1877, Mother Gooose’s Nursery Rhymes:
- Little Jack Horner sat in a corner, eating a Christmas pie; he put in his thumb, and he took out a plum, and said, “What a good boy am I!”
- Extended senses.
- (now rare, archaic) One hundred thousand pounds; (generally) a fortune. [from 18th c.]
- 1751, [Tobias] Smollett, chapter 1, in The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle […], volume I, London: Harrison and Co., […], published 1781, →OCLC:
- He […] acquired a plentiful fortune, tho', to his infinite regret, he died before it amounted to a Plum […] .
- A desirable or choice thing of its kind; a prize selection; a choice appointment, assignment etc. [from 19th c.]
- The mayor rewarded his cronies with cushy plums, requiring little work for handsome pay.
- 1880, William Blades, The Enemies of Books, page 52:
- Such chances as this do not fall to a man's lot twice; but Edmond Werdet relates a story very similar indeed, and where also the "plums" fell into the lap of a London dealer.
- A dark bluish-red color/colour, the colour of some plums. [from 19th c.]
- plum:
- web plum:
- (slang, usually in the plural) A testicle. [from 20th c.]
- (derogatory, chiefly UK) A fool, an idiot.
- (now rare, archaic) One hundred thousand pounds; (generally) a fortune. [from 18th c.]
SynonymsEdit
HypernymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
derived terms (types of fruit trees associated with places)
- American black plum
- American wild plum (Prunus americana)
- Assyrian plum (Cordia myxa)
- Australian plum (Cargillia arborea, Cargillia australis)
- Brazilian plum
- Canada plum (Prunus nigra)
- Chinese plum (Prunus mume, Prunus salicina, Eriobotrya japonica)
- Darling plum (Reynosia septentrionalis)
- European plum (Prunus domestica)
- East Indian plum
- Florida sand plum (Prunus angustifolia)
- Guinea plum (Parinarium excelsum)
- Indian plum (Flacourtia spp, esp Flacourtia indica; Osmaronia cerasiformis)
- Jamaica plum (Spondias mombin)
- Japanese plum (Prunus mume, Prunus salicina)
- Japan plum (Diospyros kaki, Eriobotrya japonica)
- Morocco plum
- Natal plum (Carissa bispinosa, Carissa grandiflora)
- Orleans plum
- Port Arthur plum
- Queensland plum
- Satsuma plum
- Sierra plum (Prunus subcordata)
- Spanish plum (Spondias purpurea, Ximenia americana)
- Tasmanian plum
- yellow Spanish plum
other derived terms
- apple-plum
- beach plum, beach-plum (Prunus maritima)
- big-tree plum (Prunus mexicana)
- black plum
- black plum of Illawarra
- blood plum
- bullace plum (Prunus institia)
- burdekin plum (Pleiogynium solandri)
- carissa plum (Carissa spp.)
- cherry plum (Prunus cerasifera)
- Cherokee plum (Prunus angustifolia)
- Chickasaw plum (Prunus angustifolia)
- cocoa plum, coco plum, cocoplum (Chrysobalanus icaco)
- common plum (Prunus domestica)
- damascene plum, damask plum, damson plum (Prunus insititia)
- date plum, date-plum (Diospyros spp., esp. Diospyros lotus)
- doveplum
- dried plum
- gingerbread plum
- golden plum
- gopher plum (Nyssa ogeche, Chrysobalanus icaco, Chrysobalanus oblongifolius)
- governor's plum, governor plum (Flacourtia indica)
- gray plum, grey plum (Parinarium excelsum)
- green plum (Prunus mume)
- greengage plum (Prunus italica, syn. Prunus domestica subsp. italica)
- ground plum (Astragalus spp., especially Astragalus caryocarpus)
- hog plum, hogplum (Spondias spp., Metopium toxiferum, Prunus angustifolia, Ximenia americana)
- horse plum (Prunus americana, Prunus nigra)
- jacket prune (Pappea capensis)
- leaf-curling plum aphid
- maiden plum
- marmalade plum (Calocarpum zapota, Mammea americana)
- mealy plum aphid (Hyalopterus pruni)
- mirabelle plum (Prunus domestica subsp. syriaca)
- mobola plum (Parinari curatellifolia)
- mountain plum (Ximenia americana)
- moxie plum (Gaultheria hispidula)
- muscle plum
- mussel plum
- myrobalan plum, myrobella plum (Prunus cerasifera)
- olive plum (Elaeodendron spp.)
- nectaplum
- partridge plum
- pear-plum
- persimmon-plum
- pigeon plum (Coccoloba spp., Chrysobalanus ellipticus)
- plum bird (Pyrrhula pyrrhula)
- plum bladder (Taphrina spp.)
- plum blossom
- plum blotch (Phyllosticha congesta)
- plum brandy
- plum budder (Pyrrhula pyrrhula)
- plum-colored starling (Cinnyricinclus leucogaster)
- plum curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar)
- plum fir (Prumnopitys andina)
- plum fruit moth
- plum-fruited yew (Prumnopitys andina)
- plum gouger (Anthonomus scutellaris)
- plum grape
- plum-headed finch (Neochmia modesta)
- plum-headed parakeet (Psittacula cyanocephala)
- plum peach
- plum pine (Podocarpus elatus)
- plum pocket (Taphrina pruni, Taphrina communis)
- plum pox
- Plum pox virus
- plum pudding, plum-pudding
- plum rains
- plum sauce
- plum scab (Cladosporium carpophilum)
- plum thrips (Taeniothrips inconsequens)
- plum-throated cotinga (Cotinga maynana)
- plum tomato
- plum tree
- plum weevil (Conotrachelus nenuphar)
- plum wine
- plum yew, plum-yew (Cephalotaxus)
- plum-blossom
- plum-broth
- plum-cake
- plum-color, plum-colour
- plum-colored, plum-coloured
- plumcot
- plum-damas, plumdamas, plum-damis
- plum-dough, plum-duff
- plum in one's mouth
- plum juniper (Juniperus macrocarpa, Juniperus drupacea)
- plum leafhopper (Macropsis trimaculata)
- plumless
- plummy
- plum-pie
- plum pine (Podocarpus elatus)
- plum-porridge
- plum-pottage
- plumrock
- plum-stone
- pluot
- prairie plum (Prunus angustifolia)
- prune plum (Prunus domestica subsp. domestica)
- purple-leaved plum (Prunus cerasifera subsp. pissardi)
- red plum (Prunus americana, Prunus nigra)
- rough-skin plum (Parinarium excelsum)
- saffron plum (Bumelia angustifolia)
- sand plum (Prunus angustifolia subsp. watsonii)
- sandhill plum (Prunus angustifolia)
- sapodilla plum
- seaside plum (Ximenia americana, Coccoloba uvifera)
- sebesten plum (Cordia myxa)
- seeded plum (Diospyros spp.)
- shore plum
- slugplum
- sour plum (Owenia acidula, Ximenia spp.)
- star plum (Chrysophyllum cainito)
- sugar plum, sugar-plum, sugarplum
- sweet plum (Pleiogynium solandri)
- tamarind plum
- thorn plum (Crataegus spp., Datura stramonium)
- urucuri plum
- Victoria plum
- western plum (Prunus subcordata)
- wheat-plum
- wild-goose plum (Prunus hortulana, Prunus munsoniana)
- wild plum
- winter plum (Diospyros spp)
- yellow plum (Prunus americana)
- yellowgage plum
DescendantsEdit
- → Cornish: ploum
- → Manx: plumbis
- → Japanese: プラム (puramu)
- → Scottish Gaelic: plumas
- → Thai: พลัม (plam)
TranslationsEdit
fruit of Prunus domestica
|
tree
|
colour
|
desirable thing
|
handsome fortune or property
good or choice thing of its kind
raisin when used in pudding or cake — see raisin
slang: testicle
fruit of Prunus mume — see ume
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
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AdjectiveEdit
plum (comparative more plum, superlative most plum)
- (comparable) Of a dark bluish-red colour.
- (not comparable) Choice; especially lavish or preferred.
- She landed a plum position as an executive for the firm.
- 1960 March, G. Freeman Allen, “Europe's most luxurious express - the "Settebello"”, in Trains Illustrated, page 146:
- It is obviously a "plum" job, one distinction being that its motormen are granted an allowance of about 6s. [six shillings] towards the cost of Wagons-Lits food in the crew quarters of the train, [...]. Additionally, by the way, each man is allowed a quarter of a bottle of wine "on the house" per trip!
TranslationsEdit
colour
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choice
See alsoEdit
Etymology 2Edit
Phonetically based spelling of plumb.
AdjectiveEdit
plum (comparative more plum, superlative most plum)
AdverbEdit
plum (not comparable)
- Completely; utterly.
- You're going to think I'm plum crazy for this, but I want to adopt all seven kittens.
TranslationsEdit
completely; utterly
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VerbEdit
plum (third-person singular simple present plums, present participle plumming, simple past and past participle plummed)
AnagramsEdit
Middle EnglishEdit
NounEdit
plum
- Alternative form of plomme
RadeEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Chamic *plum, from Austroasiatic.
NounEdit
plum
ReferencesEdit
- James A. Tharp; Y-Bhăm Ƀuôn-yǎ (1980) A Rhade-English Dictionary with English-Rhade Finderlist (Pacific Linguistics. Series C-58)[1], Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University, →ISBN, archived from the original on 2021-11-01, page 107
RomanschEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
plum m
- (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan) lead (metal)