swarm
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English swarm, from Old English swearm (“swarm, multitude”), from Proto-Germanic *swarmaz (“swarm, dizziness”), from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to buzz, hum”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Swoorm (“swarm”), Dutch zwerm, German Schwarm, Danish sværm, Swedish svärm, Icelandic svarmur (“tumult, swarm”), Latin susurrus (“whispering, humming”), Lithuanian surma (“a pipe”), Russian свире́ль (svirélʹ, “a pipe, reed”).
The verb is from Middle English swarmen, swermen, from Old English swierman (“to swarm”), from Proto-Germanic *swarmijaną (“to swarm”), from the noun. Cognate with Scots swairm, swerm (“to swarm”), Dutch zwermen, German schwärmen, Danish sværme, Swedish svärma.
PronunciationEdit
- (General American) IPA(key): /swɔɹm/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /swɔːm/
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)m
NounEdit
swarm (plural swarms)
- A large number of insects, especially when in motion or (for bees) migrating to a new colony.
- 1671, John Milton, “Samson Agonistes, […]”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J. M[acock] for John Starkey […], OCLC 228732398, lines 19–21, page 10:
- […] reſtleſs thoughts, that like a deadly ſwarm / Of Hornets arm'd […] ruſh upon me thronging,
- A mass of people, animals or things in motion or turmoil.
- a swarm of meteorites
- 1705 (revised 1718), Joseph Addison, Remarks on Several Parts of Italy
- those prodigious swarms that had settled themselves in every part of it [Italy]
- (computing) A group of nodes sharing the same torrent in a BitTorrent network.
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
|
|
|
|
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
VerbEdit
swarm (third-person singular simple present swarms, present participle swarming, simple past and past participle swarmed)
- (intransitive) To move as a swarm.
- 1915, G[eorge] A. Birmingham [pseudonym; James Owen Hannay], chapter I, in Gossamer, New York, N.Y.: George H. Doran Company, OCLC 5661828:
- There is an hour or two, after the passengers have embarked, which is disquieting and fussy. Mail bags, so I understand, are being put on board. Stewards, carrying cabin trunks, swarm in the corridors.
- (intransitive) To teem, or be overrun with insects, people, etc.
- 1633, Edmund Spenser, A Vewe of the Present State of Irelande […], Dublin: […] Sir James Ware; reprinted as A View of the State of Ireland […], Dublin: […] the Society of Stationers, […] Hibernian Press, […] By John Morrison, 1809:
- Every place swarming with soldiers.
- (transitive) To fill a place as a swarm.
- (transitive) To overwhelm as by an opposing army.
- To climb by gripping with arms and legs alternately.
- 1784, William Coxe, Travels into Poland, Russia, Sweden and Denmark
- At the top was placed a piece of money, as a prize for those who could swarm up and seize it.
- 1919, W. Somerset Maugham, The Moon and Sixpence, chapter 55
- She called out, and a boy came running along. He swarmed up a tree, and presently threw down a ripe nut. Ata pierced a hole in it, and the doctor took a long, refreshing draught.
- 1784, William Coxe, Travels into Poland, Russia, Sweden and Denmark
- To breed multitudes.
- 1667, John Milton, “Book IX”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554, lines 526–527:
- Not ſo thick ſwarm'd once the Soil / Bedropt with blood of Gorgon,
TranslationsEdit
|
|
|
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
See alsoEdit
AnagramsEdit
Middle EnglishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old English swearm, from Proto-Germanic *swarmaz.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
swarm (plural swarmes)
- A swarm (large, moving group of bees)
- (rare) A large group of people.
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “swarm, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.