torn

See also: Torn, tørn, and Törn

English

Pronunciation

• (General American) enPR: tôrn, IPA^(key): /tɔɹn/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: tôn, IPA^(key): /tɔːn/

• Audio (UK):

  (file)

• (rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) enPR: tōrn, IPA^(key): /to(ː)ɹn/
• (non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA^(key): /toən/
  • Homophone: tawn (non-rhotic, horse–hoarse merger)
• Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)n

Verb

torn

1. past participle of tear

Usage notes

• The past participle of tear (produce liquid from the eyes), is teared.

Adjective

torn (comparative more torn, superlative most torn)

1. Unable to decide between multiple options.

   I'm torn between pizza and hamburgers.

2. (botany) Having marginal incisions that are deep and irregular.

Translations

unable to decide

• Dutch: verscheurd (nl)
• Finnish: kahden vaiheilla (two options; otherwise just translate as "one cannot decide between ...")
• French: tiraillé (fr)
• German: hin- und hergerissen (de)
• Polish: rozdarty (pl)
• Swedish: kluven (sv)

Anagrams

• -tron, ront, tron

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin tornus. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈtorn]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈtoɾn]

Noun

torn m (plural torns)

1. lathe, potter's wheel
2. turn, go (as in take turns or as a move in a game)

   Synonym: tanda

Derived terms

• tornejar

Further reading

• “torn”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], 2007 April
• “torn” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “torn” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Cornish

Noun

torn

1. Hard mutation of dorn.
2. Mixed mutation of dorn.

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse þorn, from Proto-Germanic *þurnuz, from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós, from *(s)ter- (“stiff”).

Noun

torn c (singular definite tornen, plural indefinite torne)

1. thorn

Declension

Declension of torn

common gender	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	torn	tornen	torne	tornene
genitive	torns	tornens	tornes	tornenes

References

• “torn” in Den Danske Ordbog

Estonian

Etymology

From Middle Low German tōrn, from Old French tor.

Noun

torn (genitive torni, partitive torni)

1. tower

Declension

Declension of torn (ÕS type 22e/riik, length gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		torn	tornid
accusative	nom.
	gen.	torni
genitive			tornide
partitive		torni	torne tornisid
illative		torni tornisse	tornidesse tornesse
inessive		tornis	tornides tornes
elative		tornist	tornidest tornest
allative		tornile	tornidele tornele
adessive		tornil	tornidel tornel
ablative		tornilt	tornidelt tornelt
translative		torniks	tornideks torneks
terminative		tornini	tornideni
essive		tornina	tornidena
abessive		tornita	tornideta
comitative		torniga	tornidega

References

• torn in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)

Further reading

• “torn”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009

Faroese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtʰɔɻɳ/
• Rhymes: -ɔɻɳ

Etymology 1

From Old Norse þorn (“thorn”), from Proto-Germanic *þurnuz (“thorn, sloe”), from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós, from *(s)ter-. Compare Norwegian Bokmål torn, Icelandic þyrnir, Danish torn, Swedish törne, Dutch doorn, German Dorn, English thorn.

Noun

torn f (genitive singular tornar, plural tornir)

1. (botany) hawthorn bush; thorn

Declension

f2	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	torn	tornin	tornir	tornirnar
accusative	torn	tornina	tornir	tornirnar
dative	torn	tornini	tornum	tornunum
genitive	tornar	tornarinnar	torna	tornanna

Related terms

• tornakrúna
• tornarunnur
• tornatyssi
• tornrunnur
• tornur
• tornutur

Etymology 2

From late Old Norse turn, from Middle Low German torn, from Latin turris.

Noun

torn n (genitive singular torns, plural torn)

1. tower, belfry, spire
2. dungeon

Declension

n3	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	torn	tornið	torn	tornini
accusative	torn	tornið	torn	tornini
dative	torni	torninum	tornum	tornunum
genitive	torns	tornsins	torna	tornanna

Related terms

• tornklokka
• klokkutorn

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse þorn, from Proto-Germanic *þurnuz, from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós, from *(s)ter- (“stiff”). Compare Danish torn, Swedish törne, Icelandic þyrnir, Dutch doorn, German Dorn, English thorn.

Noun

torn m (definite singular tornen, indefinite plural torner, definite plural tornene)

1. thorn

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse þorn, from Proto-Germanic *þurnuz, from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós, from *(s)ter- (“stiff”). Compare Danish torn, Swedish törne, Icelandic þyrnir, Dutch doorn, German Dorn, English thorn.

Noun

torn m (definite singular tornen, indefinite plural tornar, definite plural tornane)

1. thorn

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /torn/, [torˠn]

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *torn, from Proto-Germanic *turnaz (“bitter”).

Adjective

torn (superlative tornost)

1. bitter; painful; severe

Declension

Declension of torn — Strong

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	torn	torn	torn
Accusative	torne	torne	torn
Genitive	tornes	tornre	tornes
Dative	tornum	tornre	tornum
Instrumental	torne	tornre	torne
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	torne	torna, torne	torn
Accusative	torne	torna, torne	torn
Genitive	tornra	tornra	tornra
Dative	tornum	tornum	tornum
Instrumental	tornum	tornum	tornum

Declension of torn — Weak

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	torna	torne	torne
Accusative	tornan	tornan	torne
Genitive	tornan	tornan	tornan
Dative	tornan	tornan	tornan
Instrumental	tornan	tornan	tornan
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	tornan	tornan	tornan
Accusative	tornan	tornan	tornan
Genitive	tornra, tornena	tornra, tornena	tornra, tornena
Dative	tornum	tornum	tornum
Instrumental	tornum	tornum	tornum

Etymology 2

From Proto-West Germanic *torn, from Proto-Germanic *turnaz (“bitterness, anger”).

Noun

torn n (nominative plural torn)

1. anger, anguish, distress, wrath
   • 10th century, The Wanderer:

     Til biþ sē þe his trēowe ġehealdeþ, · ne sċeal nǣfre his torn tō ryċene
     beorn of his brēostum ācȳþan, · nemþe hē ǣr þā bōte cunne,
     eorl mid elne ġefremman. · Wel bið þām þe him āre sēċeð,
     frōfre tō fæder on heofonum, · þǣr ūs eal sēo fæstnung stondeð.

     Good is that keeps his belief, should not ever unfold his wrath,
     fighter of his breasts, too quickly, unless before this help he would
     know how to help out a man with strength. It's good for him who seeks
     help from the Father in heavens, where this whole fastening stands for us.

Declension

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	torn	torn
accusative	torn	torn
genitive	tornes	torna
dative	torne	tornum

Romanian

Verb

torn

1. inflection of turna:
   1. first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
   2. third-person plural present indicative

Swedish

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Old Norse turn, from Middle Low German tōrn, tōren, from Old French tor, from Latin turris, from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis), τύρσις (túrsis), from a Mediterranean substrate loan.

Noun

torn n

1. tower
2. (chess) rook

Declension

Declension of torn

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	torn	torns
	definite	tornet	tornets
plural	indefinite	torn	torns
	definite	tornen	tornens

Derived terms

• babelstorn
• borrtorn
• brandtorn
• domartorn
• elfenbenstorn
• flygledartorn
• flygtorn
• fyrtorn
• fågeltorn
• fästningstorn
• hopptorn (“diving tower, diving platform”)
• hörntorn
• jakttorn
• kanontorn
• klocktorn
• kontrolltorn
• kyltorn
• kyrktorn
• oljeborrtorn
• oljetorn
• pansartorn
• silotorn
• torna (“tower, loom”)
• trapptorn
• tvillingtorn
• utkikstorn (“lookout tower”)
• utsiktstorn (“observation tower”)
• vakttorn (“watchtower, guard tower”)
• vattentorn
• vägtorn

Etymology 2

From Old Swedish þorn, from Old Norse þorn, from Proto-Germanic *þurnuz, whence also Old English þorn (English thorn). From Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós from *(s)ter- (“stiff”).

Noun

torn c

1. (botany) thorn

Declension

Declension of torn

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	torn	torns
	definite	tornen	tornens
plural	indefinite	tornar	tornars
	definite	tornarna	tornarnas

Derived terms

• hagtorn
• havtorn
• kristtorn
• liktorn
• martorn

References

• torn in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• torn in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• torn in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
• torn in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

Anagrams

• tron