tor
English edit
Pronunciation edit
- (US) IPA(key): /tɔɹ/
- (UK) IPA(key): /tɔː(ɹ)/
Audio (AU) (file) - Rhymes: -ɔɹ, -ɔː(ɹ)
- Homophones: tore (in accents with the horse-hoarse merger), torr (all accents), tour (in accents with the pour-poor merger), taw (in non-rhotic accents)
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle English tor, torr-, from Old English torr, tor (“a high rock, lofty hill, tower”), possibly from Proto-Celtic, compare Old Welsh *tor (“hill”); ultimately from Latin turris (“tower”), from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis), τύρσις (túrsis, “tower”), of non-Indo-European origin.
Cognate with Cornish tor, Scottish Gaelic tòrr, Welsh tŵr, Irish tor, French tor, and Romansch tor/tur/tuor; the first four are Celtic (from Latin turris), the last two directly from Latin turris (from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis) and τύρσις (túrsis)). It is not clear whether the Celtic forms were borrowed from Old English or vice versa. Doublet of tower.
Noun edit
tor (plural tors)
- (geology) A craggy outcrop of rock on the summit of a hill, created by the erosion and weathering of rock.
- 1855, Charles Kingsley, Westward Ho!: Or, The Voyages and Adventures of Sir Amyas Leigh, Knight, […], volume I, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Macmillan & Co., →OCLC, page 183:
- Bursdon and Welsford were then, as now, a rolling range of dreary moors, unbroken by tor or tree, […]
- 1901 August – 1902 April, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, chapter 9, in The Hound of the Baskervilles: Another Adventure of Sherlock Holmes, London: George Newnes, […], published 1902, →OCLC:
- The moon was low upon the right, and the jagged pinnacle of a granite tor stood up against the lower curve of its silver disc.
- (South-West England) A hill with such rock formation.
- 2008, Lydia Joyce, Shadows of the Night[1], Signet Eclipse, →ISBN, page 242:
- She had slipped the letters into her pocket next to the packet of antique documents and had taken an umbrella—as the sky was ominous out over the distant tors—and strolled around the manor house and down the road toward the village.
Translations edit
Etymology 2 edit
Adjective edit
tor (comparative more tor, superlative most tor)
- Alternative form of tore ("hard, difficult; strong; rich").
See also edit
Anagrams edit
Afrikaans edit
Etymology edit
From Dutch tor, from Middle Dutch torre. Compare the probably cognate Germanic etymology of English dor.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tor (plural torre)
Aromanian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Latin tornō. Compare Romanian turna, torn.
Verb edit
tor first-singular present indicative (third-person singular present indicative tore, past participle turate)
Related terms edit
See also edit
Azerbaijani edit
| Cyrillic | تور | |
|---|---|---|
| Abjad | ||
Etymology edit
Inherited from Common Turkic *tor. Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (tor, “net”), Southern Altai тор (tor, “scum”).
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Noun edit
tor (definite accusative toru, plural torlar)
Declension edit
| Declension of tor | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |||||||
| nominative | tor |
torlar | ||||||
| definite accusative | toru |
torları | ||||||
| dative | tora |
torlara | ||||||
| locative | torda |
torlarda | ||||||
| ablative | tordan |
torlardan | ||||||
| definite genitive | torun |
torların | ||||||
Breton edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Breton torr, teur, from Old Breton tar, from Proto-Celtic *torr-V- (“belly”), of uncertain origin; according to Matasovic, of non-Indo-European origin, but according to MacBain, from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to turn, rub”), cognate with Proto-Germanic *þarmaz (“guts, intestines”), Ancient Greek τάμισος (támisos, “rennet”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tor m (plural torioù, collective toroù)
Synonyms edit
Noun edit
tor
- Hard mutation of dor.
Mutation edit
References edit
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) “torrV-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 385
- MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “tor”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language[2], Stirling, →ISBN, page tàrr
Cimbrian edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German tor, from Old High German tor, from Proto-Germanic *durą (“large door; gate”). Cognate with German Tor, English door.
Noun edit
tor n (Luserna)
References edit
- Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Danish edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
tor
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Dutch torre, of uncertain origin, possibly an imitative Middle Dutch base turren (“buzz”). Compare cognate West Frisian tuorre, toarre.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tor f (plural torren, diminutive torretje n)
- beetle, insect of the order Coleoptera
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Afrikaans: tor
Further reading edit
- van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “tor”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
Anagrams edit
Hungarian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun edit
tor (plural torok)
- (literary, archaic or folksy) meal, repast, feast (ceremonial meal held after weddings, funerals, or other special occasions)
- Synonym: lakoma
- halotti tor ― funeral feast
- disznótor ― meal on pig-killing day (literally, “pig meal”)
Declension edit
| Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | tor | torok |
| accusative | tort | torokat |
| dative | tornak | toroknak |
| instrumental | torral | torokkal |
| causal-final | torért | torokért |
| translative | torrá | torokká |
| terminative | torig | torokig |
| essive-formal | torként | torokként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | torban | torokban |
| superessive | toron | torokon |
| adessive | tornál | toroknál |
| illative | torba | torokba |
| sublative | torra | torokra |
| allative | torhoz | torokhoz |
| elative | torból | torokból |
| delative | torról | torokról |
| ablative | tortól | toroktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
toré | toroké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
toréi | torokéi |
| Possessive forms of tor | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | torom | toraim |
| 2nd person sing. | torod | toraid |
| 3rd person sing. | tora | torai |
| 1st person plural | torunk | toraink |
| 2nd person plural | torotok | toraitok |
| 3rd person plural | toruk | toraik |
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Latin thorax, from Ancient Greek θώραξ (thṓrax, “breastplate, chest”), created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.
Noun edit
tor (plural torok)
Declension edit
| Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | tor | torok |
| accusative | tort | torokat |
| dative | tornak | toroknak |
| instrumental | torral | torokkal |
| causal-final | torért | torokért |
| translative | torrá | torokká |
| terminative | torig | torokig |
| essive-formal | torként | torokként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | torban | torokban |
| superessive | toron | torokon |
| adessive | tornál | toroknál |
| illative | torba | torokba |
| sublative | torra | torokra |
| allative | torhoz | torokhoz |
| elative | torból | torokból |
| delative | torról | torokról |
| ablative | tortól | toroktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
toré | toroké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
toréi | torokéi |
| Possessive forms of tor | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | torom | toraim |
| 2nd person sing. | torod | toraid |
| 3rd person sing. | tora | torai |
| 1st person plural | torunk | toraink |
| 2nd person plural | torotok | toraitok |
| 3rd person plural | toruk | toraik |
Further reading edit
- (ceremonial meal): tor in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (thorax): tor in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Irish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
tor m (genitive singular toir, nominative plural toir)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
- ó thor go tom (“from pillar to post”)
- tor caprais (“caper”)
- tor nimhe (“poison oak”)
Etymology 2 edit
Probably from Proto-Celtic (Cornish tor, Scottish Gaelic tòrr), possibly borrowed from Old English torr (“a high rock, tower”), though the reverse is more likely; all ultimately from Latin turris (“tower”) and of non-Indo-European origin.[2]
More at English tor and tor. Also compare Latin Taurini.
Noun edit
tor m (genitive singular toir, nominative plural toir)
Declension edit
Etymology 3 edit
Noun edit
tor m
- Alternative form of toradh
Etymology 4 edit
Noun edit
tor m (genitive singular toir, nominative plural toir)
- Alternative form of tarathar
Declension edit
Mutation edit
| Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
| tor | thor | dtor |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References edit
- ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, pages 91–181
- ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “tor”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
Further reading edit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “tor”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Entries containing “tor” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Occitan edit
Etymology edit
From Latin turris, turrim.
Pronunciation edit
Audio (Gascon) (file)
Noun edit
tor f (plural tors)
See also edit
| Chess pieces in Occitan · pèças d'escacs (layout · text) | |||||
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| rèi | rèina | tor | fòl | cavalièr | pion |
Old French edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Latin turrim, from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis), τύρσις (túrsis).
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tor oblique singular, f (oblique plural tors, nominative singular tor, nominative plural tors)
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tor oblique singular, m (oblique plural tors, nominative singular tors, nominative plural tor)
- bull (bovine)
Derived terms edit
Polish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *torъ, from *terti.
Noun edit
tor m inan
- track, course, path
- rail track
- lane (a part of a sports track)
- trajectory
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Latin thorium, from Old Scandinavian Thorr.
Noun edit
| Chemical element | |
|---|---|
| Th | |
| Previous: aktyn (Ac) | |
| Next: protaktyn (Pa) | |
tor m inan
Declension edit
Etymology 3 edit
Named for Evangelista Torricelli, an Italian physicist.
Noun edit
tor m inan (abbreviation Tr)
Declension edit
Etymology 4 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun edit
tor
Further reading edit
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
tor n (plural toruri)
Romansch edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Latin turris, turrem, from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis), τύρσις (túrsis).
Noun edit
tor m (plural tors)
Scanian edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tor
- March (month)
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *torъ.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tȏr m (Cyrillic spelling то̑р)
Declension edit
Turkish edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Turkic *tōr- (“a kind of young animal”). Related to toy.
Noun edit
tor (definite accusative toru, plural torlar)
Declension edit
| Inflection | ||
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | tor | |
| Definite accusative | toru | |
| Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | tor | torlar |
| Definite accusative | toru | torları |
| Dative | tora | torlara |
| Locative | torda | torlarda |
| Ablative | tordan | torlardan |
| Genitive | torun | torların |
References edit
- „tor“ in the dictionary of the Turkish language (TDK)
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “toraman”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “torun”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “torlak”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Uzbek edit
| Other scripts | |
|---|---|
| Cyrillic | тор (tor) |
| Latin | tor |
| Perso-Arabic | |
Etymology edit
From Proto-Turkic *d(i)ār.
Adjective edit
tor (comparative torroq, superlative eng tor)
Noun edit
tor (plural torlar)
Venetian edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb edit
tor
- (transitive) to take
- (transitive) to get
Volapük edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tor (nominative plural tors)
Declension edit
Synonyms edit
Antonyms edit
Derived terms edit
- torül (“bull calf, male calf”)
Welsh edit
Alternative forms edit
- torra (second-person singular imperative)
- torriff (colloquial, third-person singular present/future)
- torrith (colloquial, third-person singular present/future)
- tyr (literary, third-person singular present/future)
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
tor
- (literary) third-person singular present/future of torri
- (literary) second-person singular imperative of torri
Mutation edit
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| tor | dor | nhor | thor |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||