tor

See also: Tor, TOR, tör, tőr, tor-, -tor, and Appendix:Variations of "tor"

EnglishEdit

WOTD – 19 February 2013
 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle English tor, torr-, from Old English torr, tor (“a high rock, lofty hill, tower”), possibly from Proto-Celtic, compare Old Welsh *tor (“hill”); ultimately from Latin turris (“tower”), from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis), τύρσις (túrsis, “tower”), of non-Indo-European origin.

Cognate with Cornish tor, Scottish Gaelic tòrr, Welsh tŵr, Irish tor, French tor, and Romansch tor/tur/tuor; the first four are from Proto-Celtic (from Latin turris), the last two directly from Latin turris (from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis) and τύρσις (túrsis)). It is not clear whether the Celtic forms were borrowed from Old English or vice versa. Doublet of tower.

 
Tor near the summit of Knocknagun, in Wicklow, Ireland

NounEdit

tor (plural tors)

  1. (geology) A craggy outcrop of rock on the summit of a hill, created by the erosion and weathering of rock.
    • 1902, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Hound of the Baskervilles, Chapter 9:
      The moon was low upon the right, and the jagged pinnacle of a granite tor stood up against the lower curve of its silver disc.
    • 1855, Charles Kingsley, Westward Ho!, Tickor and Fields (1855), pages 104-105:
      Bursdon and Welsford were then, as now, a rolling range of dreary moors, unbroken by tor or tree, or anything save few and far between a world-old furze-bank which marked the common rights of some distant cattle farm, and crossed then, not as now, by a decent road, but by a rough confused trackway, the remnant of an old Roman road from Clovelly dikes to Launceston.
  2. (South-West England) A hill with such rock formation.
    • 2008, Lydia Joyce, Shadows of the Night, Signet Eclipse (2008), →ISBN, page 242:
      She had slipped the letters into her pocket next to the packet of antique documents and had taken an umbrella—as the sky was ominous out over the distant tors—and strolled around the manor house and down the road toward the village.
  3. (Britain, dialect) (Can we verify(+) this sense?) A tower; a turret.
TranslationsEdit
hill — see hill

Etymology 2Edit

AdjectiveEdit

tor (comparative more tor, superlative most tor)

  1. Alternative form of tore ("hard, difficult; strong; rich").

AnagramsEdit

AfrikaansEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Dutch tor, from Middle Dutch torre.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tor (plural torre)

  1. beetle

AzerbaijaniEdit

Other scripts
Cyrillic
Roman tor
Perso-Arabic تور‎

EtymologyEdit

From Common Turkic *tor. Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (tor, “net”).

NounEdit

tor (definite accusative toru, plural torlar)

  1. net

DeclensionEdit

Declension of tor
singular plural
nominative tor torlar
definite accusative toru torları
dative tora torlara
locative torda torlarda
ablative tordan torlardan
definite genitive torun torların
Possessive forms of tor
nominative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) torum torlarım
sənin (“your”) torun torların
onun (“his/her/its”) toru torları
bizim (“our”) torumuz torlarımız
sizin (“your”) torunuz torlarınız
onların (“their”) toru or torları torları
accusative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) torumu torlarımı
sənin (“your”) torunu torlarını
onun (“his/her/its”) torunu torlarını
bizim (“our”) torumuzu torlarımızı
sizin (“your”) torunuzu torlarınızı
onların (“their”) torunu or torlarını torlarını
dative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) toruma torlarıma
sənin (“your”) toruna torlarına
onun (“his/her/its”) toruna torlarına
bizim (“our”) torumuza torlarımıza
sizin (“your”) torunuza torlarınıza
onların (“their”) toruna or torlarına torlarına
locative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) torumda torlarımda
sənin (“your”) torunda torlarında
onun (“his/her/its”) torunda torlarında
bizim (“our”) torumuzda torlarımızda
sizin (“your”) torunuzda torlarınızda
onların (“their”) torunda or torlarında torlarında
ablative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) torumdan torlarımdan
sənin (“your”) torundan torlarından
onun (“his/her/its”) torundan torlarından
bizim (“our”) torumuzdan torlarımızdan
sizin (“your”) torunuzdan torlarınızdan
onların (“their”) torundan or torlarından torlarından
genitive
singular plural
mənim (“my”) torumun torlarımın
sənin (“your”) torunun torlarının
onun (“his/her/its”) torunun torlarının
bizim (“our”) torumuzun torlarımızın
sizin (“your”) torunuzun torlarınızın
onların (“their”) torunun or torlarının torlarının

BretonEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Breton torr, teur, from Old Breton tar, from Proto-Celtic *torr-V- (“belly”), of uncertain origin; according to Matasovic, of non-Indo-European origin, but according to MacBain, from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to turn, rub”), cognate with Proto-Germanic *þarmaz (“guts, intestines”), Ancient Greek τάμισος (támisos, “rennet”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tor m (plural torioù, collective toroù)

  1. (anatomy) belly, stomach, abdomen

MutationEdit

  Mutation of tor  
Breton consonant mutation
unmutated soft aspirate hard
singular tor dor zor unchanged
plural torioù dorioù zorioù unchanged

SynonymsEdit

NounEdit

tor

  1. Hard mutation of dor.

MutationEdit

  Mutation of tor  
Breton consonant mutation
unmutated soft aspirate hard
singular dor zor unchanged tor
plural dorioù zorioù unchanged torioù

ReferencesEdit

  • Matasović, Ranko (2009) , “torrV-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 385
  • MacBain, Alexander; Mackay, Eneas (1911) , “tor”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Stirling, →ISBN, page tàrr

CimbrianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle High German tor, from Old High German tor, from Proto-Germanic *durą (“large door; gate”). Cognate with German Tor, English door.

NounEdit

tor n (Luserna)

  1. gate, gateway
  2. large doorway

ReferencesEdit

  • “tor” in Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

DanishEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /toːr/, [tˢoːˀɐ̯]

VerbEdit

tor

  1. present of to

DutchEdit

 
Dutch Wikipedia has articles on:
Wikipedia nl

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Dutch torre, of uncertain origin, possibly an imitative Middle Dutch base turren (“buzz”). Compare cognate West Frisian tuorre, toarre.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tor f (plural torren, diminutive torretje n)

  1. beetle, insect of the order Coleoptera

SynonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

  • Afrikaans: tor

AnagramsEdit

Further readingEdit

HungarianEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

NounEdit

tor (plural torok)

  1. (literary, archaic or folksy) meal, repast (ceremonial meal held after weddings, funerals, or other special occasions)
    halotti tor ― funeral feast
    disznótor ― meal on pig-killing day
DeclensionEdit
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative tor torok
accusative tort torokat
dative tornak toroknak
instrumental torral torokkal
causal-final torért torokért
translative torrá torokká
terminative torig torokig
essive-formal torként torokként
essive-modal — —
inessive torban torokban
superessive toron torokon
adessive tornál toroknál
illative torba torokba
sublative torra torokra
allative torhoz torokhoz
elative torból torokból
delative torról torokról
ablative tortól toroktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		toré toroké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		toréi torokéi
Possessive forms of tor
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. torom toraim
2nd person sing. torod toraid
3rd person sing. tora torai
1st person plural torunk toraink
2nd person plural torotok toraitok
3rd person plural toruk toraik
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Latin thorax, from Ancient Greek θώραξ (thṓrax, “breastplate, chest”), created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.

NounEdit

tor (plural torok)

  1. (zoology) thorax (of an arthropod)
    Coordinate terms: fej, potroh
DeclensionEdit
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative tor torok
accusative tort torokat
dative tornak toroknak
instrumental torral torokkal
causal-final torért torokért
translative torrá torokká
terminative torig torokig
essive-formal torként torokként
essive-modal — —
inessive torban torokban
superessive toron torokon
adessive tornál toroknál
illative torba torokba
sublative torra torokra
allative torhoz torokhoz
elative torból torokból
delative torról torokról
ablative tortól toroktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		toré toroké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		toréi torokéi
Possessive forms of tor
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. torom toraim
2nd person sing. torod toraid
3rd person sing. tora torai
1st person plural torunk toraink
2nd person plural torotok toraitok
3rd person plural toruk toraik

Further readingEdit

  • (ceremonial meal): tor in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’An Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.
  • (thorax): tor in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’An Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.

IrishEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Irish tor.

NounEdit

tor m (genitive singular toir, nominative plural toir)

  1. bush, shrub; clump, tuft
    Synonym: tom
  2. head (of cabbage)
    Synonym: ceann
DeclensionEdit
Declension of tor

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative tor toir
Vocative a thoir a thora
Genitive toir tor
Dative tor toir

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an tor na toir
Genitive an toir na dtor
Dative leis an tor

don tor

leis na toir

Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

Probably from Proto-Celtic (Cornish tor, Scottish Gaelic tòrr), possibly borrowed from Old English torr (“a high rock, tower”), though the reverse is more likely; all ultimately from Latin turris (“tower”) and of non-Indo-European origin.

More at English tor and tor. Also compare Latin Taurini.

NounEdit

tor m (genitive singular toir, nominative plural toir)

  1. (geography) tall rock; steep rocky height
  2. (literary) tower; towering warrior, pillar (of battle)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of tor

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative tor toir
Vocative a thoir a thora
Genitive toir tor
Dative tor toir

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an tor na toir
Genitive an toir na dtor
Dative leis an tor

don tor

leis na toir

Further readingEdit

  • “tor” in Douglas Harper, Online Etymology Dictionary, 2001–2021.

Etymology 3Edit

NounEdit

tor m

  1. Alternative form of toradh

Etymology 4Edit

NounEdit

tor m (genitive singular toir, nominative plural toir)

  1. Alternative form of tarathar
DeclensionEdit
Declension of tor

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative tor toir
Vocative a thoir a thora
Genitive toir tor
Dative tor toir

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an tor na toir
Genitive an toir na dtor
Dative leis an tor

don tor

leis na toir

MutationEdit

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
tor thor dtor
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further readingEdit

  • "tor" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
  • Entries containing “tor” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

OccitanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin turris, turrim

NounEdit

tor f (plural tors)

  1. tower
    Synonym: torre

Old FrenchEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Latin turris, turrim, from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis), τύρσις (túrsis).

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tor f (oblique plural tors, nominative singular tor, nominative plural tors)

  1. tower
DescendantsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Latin taurus.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tor m (oblique plural tors, nominative singular tors, nominative plural tor)

  1. bull (bovine)

Derived termsEdit

PolishEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Slavic *torъ, from *terti.

NounEdit

tor m inan

  1. track, course, path
  2. rail track
  3. lane (a part of a sports track)
  4. trajectory

DeclensionEdit

declension of tor
singular plural
nominative tor tory
genitive toru torów
dative torowi torom
accusative tor tory
instrumental torem torami
locative torze torach
vocative torze tory
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Latin thorium, from Old Scandinavian Thorr.

NounEdit

Chemical element
Th
Previous: aktyn (Ac)
Next: protaktyn (Pa)

tor m inan

  1. thorium

DeclensionEdit

declension of tor
singular
nominative tor
genitive toru
dative torowi
accusative tor
instrumental torem
locative torze
vocative torze

Etymology 3Edit

Named for Evangelista Torricelli, an Italian physicist.

NounEdit

tor m (symbol Tr)

  1. torr

DeclensionEdit

declension of tor
singular plural
nominative tor tory
genitive tora torów
dative torowi torom
accusative tora tory
instrumental torem torami
locative torze torach
vocative torze tory

Etymology 4Edit

See the etymology of the main entry.

NounEdit

tor

  1. genitive plural of tora

Further readingEdit

  • tor in Polish dictionaries at PWN

RomanschEdit

Alternative formsEdit

  • (Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan) tur
  • (Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) tuor

EtymologyEdit

From Latin turris, turrem, from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis), τύρσις (túrsis).

NounEdit

tor m (plural tors)

  1. (Surmiran) tower

RomanianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin torus.

NounEdit

tor n (plural toruri)

  1. torus

ScanianEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tor

  1. March (month)

Serbo-CroatianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *torъ.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tȏr m (Cyrillic spelling то̑р)

  1. corral, cote

DeclensionEdit

Declension of tor
singular plural
nominative tȏr tòrovi
genitive tora torova
dative toru torovima
accusative tor torove
vocative toru torovi
locative toru torovima
instrumental torom torovima

TurkishEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Turkic *tōr- (“a kind of young animal”). Related to toy.

NounEdit

tor (definite accusative toru, plural torlar)

  1. young
  2. novice
  3. whelp
  4. beginner
  5. recruit

DeclensionEdit

Inflection
Nominative tor
Definite accusative toru
Singular Plural
Nominative tor torlar
Definite accusative toru torları
Dative tora torlara
Locative torda torlarda
Ablative tordan torlardan
Genitive torun torların

ReferencesEdit

UzbekEdit

Other scripts
Cyrillic тор‍
Roman tor‍
Perso-Arabic ‍‍

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Turkic *d(i)ār.

AdjectiveEdit

tor (comparative torroq, superlative eng tor)

  1. narrow, tight

NounEdit

tor (plural torlar)

  1. string

VenetianEdit

EtymologyEdit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

VerbEdit

tor

  1. (transitive) to take
  2. (transitive) to get

VolapükEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

tor (nominative plural tors)

  1. bull

DeclensionEdit

declension of tor
singular plural
nominative tor tors
genitive tora toras
dative tore tores
accusative tori toris
vocative 1 o tor! o tors!
predicative 2 toru torus
  • 1 status as a case is disputed
  • 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

SynonymsEdit

AntonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

  • torül (“bull calf, male calf”)

WelshEdit

Alternative formsEdit

  • torra (second-person singular imperative)
  • torriff (colloquial, third-person singular present/future)
  • torrith (colloquial, third-person singular present/future)
  • tyr (literary, third-person singular present/future)

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

tor

  1. (literary) third-person singular present/future of torri
  2. (literary) second-person singular imperative of torri

MutationEdit

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
tor dor nhor thor
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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