U+9B3C, 鬼
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9B3C

[U+9B3B]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9B3D]
U+2FC1, ⿁
KANGXI RADICAL GHOST

[U+2FC0]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2FC2]
U+2EE4, ⻤
CJK RADICAL GHOST

[U+2EE3]
CJK Radicals Supplement
[U+2EE5]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
Mainland China
 
Stroke order
 
Stroke order
(cursive)
 

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 194, +0, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese, Japanese and Korean, 9 strokes in mainland China, cangjie input 竹山戈 (HUI) or 竹戈 (HI) or 竹田竹戈 (HWHI), four-corner 26213 or 26513, composition (HTJKV) or ⿸⿻丿(G))

  1. Kangxi radical #194, .

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1460, character 30
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45758
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1993, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4427, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9B3C

Chinese edit

trad.
simp. #
2nd round simp. ⿸⿻丿日乚
 
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       

Pictogram (象形) – a man or figure with an ugly face and tail.

Compare (“different, strange”), where the also derives from a face.

It may not be clear from the character, but the lower right “dot” is a small ; it is a residual tail – compare .

Etymology edit

Unknown. May be related to:

See also (OC *krolʔ, “to deceive; peculiar”).

Pronunciation edit


Note:
  • 2jy - colloquial;
  • 2kue - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (21)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter kjw+jX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʉiX/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʷɨiX/
Shao
Rongfen
/kiuəiX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kujX/
Li
Rong
/kiuəiX/
Wang
Li
/kĭwəiX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kwe̯iX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
guǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gwai2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
guǐ
Middle
Chinese
‹ kjwɨjX ›
Old
Chinese
/*k-ʔujʔ/
English ghost

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 4689
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kulʔ/

Definitions edit

  1. ghost; apparition; spirit (Classifier: )
    房子常常 [MSC, trad.]
    房子常常 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè fángzi chángcháng nàoguǐ. [Pinyin]
    This house is haunted.
  2. devil; demon
    知道  ―  Guǐ cái zhīdào ne!  ―  How should I know?! (literal: The devil only knows! Similar to: "god knows")
  3. (Can we verify(+) this sense?)goblin
  4. stealthy; tricky; furtive
  5. sinister plot; dirty trick
    心裡心里  ―  xīnlǐ yǒuguǐ  ―  to have a guilty conscience
  6. devilish; damned; ghastly
    天氣天气  ―  guǐ tiānqì  ―  damned weather
  7. (informal) clever; smart; quick
    孩子得很孩子得很  ―  Zhè háizi guǐ dehěn!  ―  This kid is amazingly smart!
  8. (derogatory) fool; blockhead; guy; moral imbecile
    那個 [MSC, trad.]
    那个 [MSC, simp.]
    Nàge lǎoguǐ yòu lái le. [Pinyin]
    That geezer is coming again.
  9. Derogatory name for people with a flaw or vice. -ard
      ―  yānguǐ  ―  heavy smoker
      ―  jiǔguǐ  ―  alcoholic
      ―  lǎnguǐ  ―  lazybones
  10. (intimate) imp; urchin
      ―  xiǎoguǐ  ―  imp
    機靈机灵  ―  jīlíngguǐ  ―  crafty child
  11. (regional, derogatory, usually in compounds) Caucasian or Western person
    [Cantonese]  ―  gwai2 lou2 [Jyutping]  ―  gweilo (derogatory term for a white person)
  12. (Cantonese) traitor; rat; mole
  13. (Cantonese, ball games) opponent trying to steal the ball
  14. (Cantonese, inserted in certain adjectives) so; very
  15. (Cantonese) suspicious
  16. (mildly vulgar) the hell
    什麼233什么233  ―  shénme guǐ 233  ―  what the hell LOL
    記得 [Cantonese, trad.]
    记得 [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngo5 dim2 gwai2 gei3 dak1! [Jyutping]
    How the hell am I supposed to remember?!
    什麼什么  ―  Nǐ zài gǎo shénme guǐ?  ―  What the hell are you doing?
    [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
    nei5 gaau2 mat1 gwai2 aa3? [Jyutping]
    What the hell are you doing?
  17. (mildly vulgar) who the hell; what the hell
    知道  ―  Guǐ zhīdào!  ―  Devil knows!
    [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
    jau5 gwai2 jan4 zi1 me1! [Jyutping]
    Who the hell knows!
    …… [Cantonese]  ―  gwai2 giu3 nei5...... [Jyutping]  ―  Who the hell told you to... → No one told you to...
    [Cantonese]  ―  jau5 gwai2 jung6 [Jyutping]  ―  has what use (what the hell use it has) → is damn worthless, is of damn-all use

Synonyms edit

  • (ghost):
  • (clever):

Antonyms edit

  • (antonym(s) of "clever"):

Compounds edit

Descendants edit

Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: () (ki)
  • Korean: 귀(鬼) (gwi)
  • Vietnamese: quỷ ()

Others:

References edit

Japanese edit

 
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

Kanji edit

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings edit

Compounds edit

Etymology edit

 
(oni): two demon-ogres.
Kanji in this term
おに
Grade: S
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.[1]

Thought to be derived from (on, to hide; hidden from sight).[1][2][3]

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

(おに) (oni

  1. ghost
    ()(こく)(おに)
    ikoku no oni
    a ghost of a foreign country
  2. evil spirit, demon, ogre
    • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 1, page 32:
      [6]
      人神 周易云、人神曰鬼、居偉反、和名於邇、或説云、於邇者、隠音之訛也、鬼物隠而不欲顯形、故以稱也。
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  3. (figurative) someone of remarkable or diabolical energy or ability, a demon
    (かの)(じょ)()(ごと)(おに)だ。
    Kanojo wa shigoto no oni da.
    She is a demon for work.
  4. "it" in a game of tag/hide and seek (鬼ごっこ onigokko, "pretend spirits")

Synonyms edit

References edit

  1. 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  5. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  6. ^ Minamoto, Shitagō with Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.

Korean edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Chinese (MC kjw+jX). Recorded as Middle Korean 귀〯 (kwǔy) (Yale: kwǔy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation edit

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kɥi(ː)] ~ [ky(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja edit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 귀신 (gwisin gwi))

  1. Hanja form? of (ghost; spirit).

Compounds edit

References edit

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [4]

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

: Hán Việt readings: quỷ
: Nôm readings: khuỷu, quẽ, quỉ, sưu

  1. chữ Hán form of quỷ (any generic ugly, mischievous or evil spirit).

Compounds edit