See also: and
U+584A, 塊
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-584A

[U+5849]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+584B]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 32, +10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 土竹山戈 (GHUI), four-corner 46113, composition )

Derived characters edit

Related characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 235, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5319
  • Dae Jaweon: page 472, character 28
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 464, character 17
  • Unihan data for U+584A

Chinese edit

trad.
simp.
alternative forms

Glyph origin edit

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *kʰuːls, *kʰruːds): semantic (earth; dust) + phonetic (OC *kulʔ) – clod of dirt.

Etymology 1 edit

Unknown (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation edit


Note: kuai3 - classifier.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /kʰuai⁵¹/
Harbin /kʰuai⁵³/
Tianjin /kʰuai⁵³/
Jinan /kʰuɛ²¹/
Qingdao /kʰuɛ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /kʰuai³¹²/
Xi'an /kʰuai⁵³/
Xining /kʰuɛ⁵³/
Yinchuan /kʰuɛ⁵³/
/kʰuɛ¹³/
Lanzhou /kʰuɛ⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /kʰuai²¹³/
Wuhan /kʰuai⁴²/
Chengdu /kʰuai⁵³/
Guiyang /kʰuai⁴²/
Kunming /kʰuæ⁵³/
Nanjing /kʰuae⁴⁴/
Hefei /kʰue̞⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /kʰuai⁴⁵/ 一~糖
/kʰuai⁵³/ 糖~~
Pingyao /kʰuæ⁵³/
/xuæ⁵³/ 一~人
Hohhot /kʰuɛ⁵⁵/ 兩~錢
/kʰuɛ⁵³/ 石頭~子
Wu Shanghai /kʰue³⁵/
Suzhou /kʰue̞⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /kʰue̞⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /kʰai⁴²/
Hui Shexian /kʰua³²⁴/
Tunxi /kʰua⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /kʰuai⁴¹/
Xiangtan /kʰuai⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /kʰuai²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /kʰuai⁵³/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /fai³³/
Nanning /fai³³/
/wai³³/
Hong Kong /fai³³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kʰuai²¹/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kʰuɑi²¹²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min)
Shantou (Teochew) /ko²¹³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /xɔi³⁵/
/xuai³⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (29)
Final () (42)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter khwojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰuʌiH/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰuoiH/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰuɒiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰwəjH/
Li
Rong
/kʰuᴀiH/
Wang
Li
/kʰuɒiH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kʰuɑ̆iH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
kuì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
fui3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
kuài kuài
Middle
Chinese
‹ khwɛjH › ‹ khwojH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[kʰ]ˁ<r>uj-s/ /*[kʰ]ˁuj-s/
English clod, lump clod; lump

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 4666 4676
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2 2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰuːls/ /*kʰruːds/
Notes

Definitions edit

  1. piece; chunk; lump; part
    切成切成  ―  Bǎ ròu qièchéng xiǎo kuài.  ―  Cut the meat into bite-sized pieces.
      ―  Tā bèi gē chéng le sān kuài.  ―  It was cut into three parts.
  2. (colloquial) Classifier for money: yuan; dollar; buck
    可以 [MSC, trad.]
    可以 [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ gěi sān kuài, jiù kěyǐ le. [Pinyin]
    If you give 3 yuan, it'll be enough.
      ―  kuài qián  ―  a yuan; a dollar
      ―  jiǔ kuài yī máo  ―  9.10 yuan
  3. Classifier for piece of something (food, cloth, stone): piece; chunk; slab
    蛋糕蛋糕  ―  kuài dàngāo  ―  a slice of cake
    木頭木头  ―  kuài mùtóu  ―  a piece of wood
    [Cantonese]  ―  nei1 faai3 muk6 [Jyutping]  ―  this piece of wood
    [Cantonese]  ―  nei1 faai3 juk6 [Jyutping]  ―  this slab of meat
  4. Classifier for areas of land: plot; tract; area
    [Cantonese]  ―  nei1 faai3 dei6 [Jyutping]  ―  this plot of land
  5. (Teochew) place
  6. (Sichuanese, obsolete) tomb; grave
  7. (archaic) calm and indifferent
    alt. forms:
  8. (archaic) solitary; alone
    alt. forms:
Synonyms edit
See also edit
  • (Cantonese) (gau6)

Compounds edit

Etymology 2 edit

Jerry Norman reconstructs Common Min *tɔi5 based on the coastal Min forms; it is unclear how the Northern Min forms relate to the Coastal Min forms. Possibly from (OC *doːns, “section; segment”); compare (OC *toːnʔ, “short”) > Xiamen Hokkien (Coblin, n.d.).

Pronunciation edit


  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing
Harbin
Tianjin
Jinan
Qingdao
Zhengzhou
Xi'an
Xining
Yinchuan
Lanzhou
Ürümqi
Wuhan
Chengdu
Guiyang
Kunming
Nanjing
Hefei
Jin Taiyuan
Pingyao
Hohhot
Wu Shanghai
Suzhou
Hangzhou
Wenzhou
Hui Shexian
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha
Xiangtan
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou
Nanning
Hong Kong
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /te²¹/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tøy³²/ 訓讀
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /tʰi⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew)
Haikou (Hainanese)

Definitions edit

  1. (Eastern Min, Hokkien) piece; chunk; lump; part
  2. (Northern Min, Eastern Min, Hokkien, Leizhou Min) Classifier for piece of something (food, cloth, stone): piece; chunk; slab
  3. (Northern Min, Eastern Min, colloquial) Classifier for money: yuan; dollar; buck
  4. (Hokkien) Classifier for songs.
  5. (Eastern Min, Hokkien, Teochew) place
    alt. forms: , (dài),
    [Eastern Min]  ―  diē-dó̤i / [tie³³⁻⁵⁵ (t-)lɔy²¹³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]  ―  where
    [Hokkien]  ―  tìn- [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to take up space
  6. (Taiwanese Hokkien) home
    alt. forms:
  7. (Eastern Min, Hokkien) Classifier for places.
Synonyms edit
  • (yuan): (see dialectal synonyms table above)

Compounds edit

Further reading edit

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings edit

Compounds edit

Etymology 1 edit

Kanji in this term
かたまり
Grade: S
kun’yomi


For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
かたまり
[noun] lump, mass, clump, clod, glob
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2 edit

Kanji in this term
かい
Grade: S
kan’on

From Middle Chinese (MC khwojH).

Pronunciation edit

Affix edit

(かい) (kai

  1. lump, mass, chunk, clod
Derived terms edit

Korean edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Chinese (MC khwojH).

Historical readings

Pronunciation edit

Hanja edit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 덩어리 (deong'eori goe))

  1. Hanja form? of (piece; chunk; lump).

Compounds edit

References edit

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

: Hán Nôm readings: khối, cỏi, khỏi, hòn, khói

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.