Wiktionary

カ行変格活用

See also: カ行變格活用

Japanese

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Kanji in this term
行 変 格 活 用
ぎょう
Grade: 2 		へん
Grade: 4 		かく
Grade: 5 		かつ
Grade: 2 		よう
Grade: 2
goon kan'on
Alternative spelling
カ行變格活用 (kyūjitai)
 
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Etymology

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Compound of カ行 (kagyō, “ka-row”) +‎ 変格活用 (henkaku katsuyō, “irregular conjugation”).

Pronunciation

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  • (Tokyo) か​ぎょーへんかくか​つよー [káꜜgyòò hèńkákú káꜜtsùyòò] (Atamadaka + Nakadaka – [1]-[5])[1]
  • (Tokyo) かぎょーへんかくかつよー [kàgyóó héńkákú káꜜtsùyòò] (Nakadaka – [8])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ka̠ɡʲo̞ː hẽ̞ŋka̠kɯ̟ ka̠t͡sɨjo̞ː]

Noun

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カ行変格活用(ぎょうへんかくかつよう) • (ka-gyō henkaku katsuyō) ←かぎやうへんかくくわつよう (ka-gyau fenkaku kwatuyou)?

  1. (grammar) a verbal conjugation class in which the verb stem ends in k-, with minor historical changes
    Synonyms: カ行変格 (ka-gyō henkaku), カ変 (ka-hen)
Modern 未然形
Irrealis 		連用形
Adverbial 		終止形
Conclusive 		連体形
Attributive 		仮定形
Conditional 		命令形
Imperative
来る (kur-, “to come”) 来 (ko) 来 (ki) 来る (kuru) 来る (kuru) 来れ (kure) 来い (koi)
Archaic 未然形
Irrealis 		連用形
Adverbial 		終止形
Conclusive 		連体形
Attributive 		已然形
Realis 		命令形
Imperative
来 (k-, “to come”) 来 (ko2 → ko) 来 (ki1 → ki) 来 (ku) 来る (kuru) 来れ (kure) 来 (ko2 → ko)
来よ (ko2yo2 → koyo)

The subscripts in the table above indicate differences in vowel class that were already being lost in Old Japanese. It remains unclear what those different vowel classes may have meant. See the Syllables section in the Wikipedia article on Old Japanese for more details.

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See also

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References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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