傀

Translingual edit

Han character edit

傀 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+10, 12 strokes, cangjie input 人竹山戈 (OHUI), four-corner 2621₃, composition ⿰亻鬼)

Derived characters edit

𧝛

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 112, character 8
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 928
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 192, character 8
Unihan data for U+5080

Chinese edit

trad.		傀
simp. ^#		傀

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 傀

**Small seal script**
s05689

**Transcribed ancient scripts**
L31031	L31032	L04049	L04050	L04051	L04053

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (鬼) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
謉	tkuːlʔ, krul
瑰	kuːl, ɡuːl
傀	kuːl, kʰuːlʔ
藱	*kuːl
魁	*kʰuːl
磈	kʰuːlʔ, qulʔ
塊	kʰuːls, kʰruːds
嵬	ŋɡuːl, ŋɡuːlʔ
隗	*ŋɡuːlʔ
槐	ɡuːl, ɡruːl
瘣	*ɡuːlʔ
廆	*ɡuːlʔ
溾	ɡuːlʔ, qruːl
螝	ɡuːls, krul
褢	*ɡruːl
騩	krul, kruls, *kul
愧	*kruls
媿	*kruls
聭	*kruls
餽	*ɡruls
鬼	*kulʔ
魏	*ŋɡuls
巍	*ŋul
犩	ŋul, ŋuls

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kuːl, *kʰuːlʔ) : semantic 亻 (“human”) + phonetic 鬼 (OC *kulʔ).

Etymology 1 edit

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kuǐ (kui³)

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄟˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): faai³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khúi / ka

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kuǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄟˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kuěi
  - Wade–Giles: kʻuei³
  - Yale: kwěi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: koei
  - Palladius: куй (kuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: faai³
  - Yale: faai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: faai³
  - Guangdong Romanization: fai³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːi̯³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khúi
  - Tâi-lô: khuí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: quie
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰui⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰui⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka
  - Tâi-lô: ka
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kaf
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ka⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ka³³/

Note: ka - 嘉 is used in the Mainland.

Middle Chinese: khwojX

Rime
Character	傀
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	口猥切
Baxter	khwojX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰuʌi^X/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰuoi^X/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuɒi^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰwəj^X/
Li Rong	/kʰuᴀi^X/
Wang Li	/kʰuɒi^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰuɑ̆i^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kuǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fui²

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰuːlʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	傀
Reading #	2/2
No.	4664
Phonetic component	鬼
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	䫥
Old Chinese	/*kʰuːlʔ/

Definitions edit

傀

Only used in 傀儡 (kuǐlěi, “puppet”).

Compounds edit

Etymology 2 edit

傀 (OC *kuːl, *kʰuːlʔ) "extraordinary" (Zhouli) > 瑰 (OC *kuːl, *ɡuːl) "rare, marvelous" > a kind precious stone" (Shijing).

傀 (OC *kûi) seemingly had the same OC rhyme as 怪 (OC *kwrêh; *kwêh); they may be merely variants (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): guī (gui¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄟ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gwai¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: guī
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: guei
  - Wade–Giles: kuei¹
  - Yale: gwēi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guei
  - Palladius: гуй (guj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gwai¹
  - Yale: gwāi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gwai¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: guei¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɐi̯⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: kwoj

Rime
Character	傀
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	公回切
Baxter	kwoj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/kuoi/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwəj/
Li Rong	/kuᴀi/
Wang Li	/kuɒi/
Bernard Karlgren	/kuɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gui¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kuːl/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	傀
Reading #	1/2
No.	4661
Phonetic component	鬼
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	傀
Old Chinese	/*kuːl/

Definitions edit

傀

odd; peculiar; extraordinary
great

Usage notes edit

Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian (《现代汉语规范词典》) proscribes the use of the pronunciation guī.

Compounds edit

References edit

“傀”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

傀

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

large

Readings edit

Go-on: け (ke)^{←け (ke, historical)}^{←くゑ (kwe, ancient)}
Kan-on: かい (kai)^{←くわい (kwai, historical)}
Kun: おおきい (ookii, 傀い)

Korean edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Middle Chinese 傀 (MC khwojX). Recorded as Middle Korean 괴〯 (kwǒy) (Yale: kwǒy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation edit

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [kwe̞(ː)] ~ [kø̞(ː)]
Phonetic hangul: [궤(ː)/괴(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.