塊

See also: 凷 and 块

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

塊 (radical 32 土+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 土竹山戈 (GHUI), four-corner 4611₃, composition ⿰土鬼)

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 235, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5319
• Dae Jaweon: page 472, character 28
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 464, character 17
• Unihan data for U+584A

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ChineseEdit

trad.		塊
simp.		块

EtymologyEdit

Note: This character is used as a substitute for Min Nan tè, which may be etymologically unrelated.

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kuài (kuai⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): faai³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khoai
• Min Nan (POJ): tè
• Wu (Wiktionary): khue (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: kuài
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄞˋ
    • Wade-Giles: k'uai⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuay
    • IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: faai³
    • Yale: faai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: faai³
    • IPA ^(key): /fɑːi̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khoai
    • Hakka Romanization System: kuai
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kuai⁴
    • IPA: /kʰu̯ai̯⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tè
    • Tâi-lô: tè
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dex
    • IPA (Taipei): /te¹¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /te²¹/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: khue (T2)
    • IPA ^(key): /kʰɯᴇ³⁴/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 塊
Mandarin	Beijing	/kʰuai⁵¹/
	Harbin	/kʰuai⁵³/
	Tianjin	/kʰuai⁵³/
	Jinan	/kʰuɛ²¹/
	Qingdao	/kʰuɛ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/kʰuai³¹²/
	Xi'an	/kʰuai⁵³/
	Xining	/kʰuɛ⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/kʰuɛ⁵³/ /kʰuɛ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/kʰuɛ⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/kʰuai²¹³/
	Wuhan	/kʰuai⁴²/
	Chengdu	/kʰuai⁵³/
	Guiyang	/kʰuai⁴²/
	Kunming	/kʰuæ⁵³/
	Nanjing	/kʰuae⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/kʰue̞⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/kʰuai⁴⁵/ 一～糖 /kʰuai⁵³/ 糖～～
	Pingyao	/kʰuæ⁵³/ /xuæ⁵³/ 一～人
	Hohhot	/kʰuɛ⁵⁵/ 兩～錢 /kʰuɛ⁵³/ 石頭～子
Wu	Shanghai	/kʰue³⁵/
	Suzhou	/kʰue̞⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/kʰue̞⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/kʰai⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/kʰua³²⁴/
	Tunxi	/kʰua⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/kʰuai⁴¹/
	Xiangtan	/kʰuai⁴²/
Gan	Nanchang	/kʰuai²¹³/
Hakka	Meixian	/kʰuai⁵³/
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/fai³³/
	Nanning	/fai³³/ /wai³³/
	Hong Kong	/fai³³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kʰuai²¹/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/tøy³²/ 訓讀 /kʰuɑi²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/tʰi⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/ko²¹³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/xɔi³⁵/ /xuai³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /kʰuʌi^H/▼

Rime
Character	塊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	苦對切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰuʌiH/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰuoiH/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuɒiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰwəjH/
Li Rong	/kʰuᴀiH/
Wang Li	/kʰuɒiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰuɑ̆iH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kuì

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*[kʰ]ˤ<r>uj-s/, /*[kʰ]ˤuj-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰuːls/, /*kʰruːds/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	塊	塊
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kuài	kuài
Middle Chinese	‹ khwɛjH ›	‹ khwojH ›
Old Chinese	/*[kʰ]ˤ<r>uj-s/	/*[kʰ]ˤuj-s/
English	clod, lump	clod; lump
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	塊	塊
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	4666	4676
Phonetic component	鬼	鬼
Rime group	微	隊
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	塊	蒯
Old Chinese	/*kʰuːls/	/*kʰruːds/
Notes	說文凷或體	或作墤，廣韻只作墤

DefinitionsEdit

塊

1. piece; chunk; lump; part
   • 把肉切成小塊。 / 把肉切成小块。  ―  Bǎ ròu qièchéng xiǎo kuài.  ―  Cut the meat into bite-sized pieces.
   • 它被割成了三塊。 / 它被割成了三块。  ―  Tā bèi gē chéng le sān kuài.  ―  It was cut into three parts.
2. (colloquial) yuan (元 (yuán)), the Chinese currency or other currency
   • 一塊錢 / 一块钱  ―  yī kuài qián  ―  a yuan, a dollar
3. Classifier for piece of something (food, cloth, stone): piece; chunk; slab
   • 一塊蛋糕 / 一块蛋糕  ―  yī kuài dàngāo  ―  a slice of cake
   • 一塊木頭 / 一块木头  ―  yī kuài mùtóu  ―  a piece of wood
   • 呢塊木 / 呢块木 [Cantonese]  ―  nei¹ faai³ muk⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  this piece of wood
   • 呢塊肉 / 呢块肉 [Cantonese]  ―  nei¹ faai³ juk⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  this slab of meat
4. Classifier for areas of land: plot; tract; area
   • 呢塊地 / 呢块地 [Cantonese]  ―  nei¹ faai³ dei⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  this plot of land

See alsoEdit

• (Cantonese) 嚿

ReferencesEdit

• (Min Nan) “Entry #9382”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

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JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

塊

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

ReadingsEdit

• Goon: け (ke)
• Kan’on: かい (kai)
• Kun: かたまり (katamari), つちくれ (tsuchikure)

NounEdit

塊 ‎(hiragana かたまり, romaji katamari)

1. lump, mass, clump, clod, glob

Alternative formsEdit

• 固まり

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KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

塊 • ‎(goe) (hangeul 괴, McCune-Reischauer koe)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

塊 (khối, cỏi, khỏi, hòn, khói)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.