塊
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Contents
TranslingualEdit
Han characterEdit
塊 (radical 32 土+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 土竹山戈 (GHUI), four-corner 46113, composition ⿰土鬼)
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 235, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5319
- Dae Jaweon: page 472, character 28
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 464, character 17
- Unihan data for U+584A
ChineseEdit
trad. | 塊 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 块 | |
alt. forms | 凷 |
Glyph originEdit
Characters in the same phonetic series (鬼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
---|---|
Old Chinese | |
謉 | *tkuːlʔ, *krul |
瑰 | *kuːl, *ɡuːl |
傀 | *kuːl, *kʰuːlʔ |
藱 | *kuːl |
魁 | *kʰuːl |
磈 | *kʰuːlʔ, *qulʔ |
塊 | *kʰuːls, *kʰruːds |
嵬 | *ŋɡuːl, *ŋɡuːlʔ |
隗 | *ŋɡuːlʔ |
槐 | *ɡuːl, *ɡruːl |
瘣 | *ɡuːlʔ |
廆 | *ɡuːlʔ |
溾 | *ɡuːlʔ, *qruːl |
螝 | *ɡuːls, *krul |
褢 | *ɡruːl |
騩 | *krul, *kruls, *kul |
愧 | *kruls |
媿 | *kruls |
聭 | *kruls |
餽 | *ɡruls |
鬼 | *kulʔ |
魏 | *ŋɡuls |
巍 | *ŋul |
犩 | *ŋul, *ŋuls |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kʰuːls, *kʰruːds): semantic 土 (“earth; dust”) + phonetic 鬼 (OC *kulʔ).
Etymology 1Edit
PronunciationEdit
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): faai3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khoai
- Min Bei (KCR): ko̿
- Min Dong (BUC): kuái
- Min Nan (POJ): khoài
- Wu (Wiktionary): khue (T2)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄞˋ
- Wade-Giles: k'uai4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuay
- IPA (key): /kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/
-
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄞˋㄦ
- Wade-Giles: k'uairh4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuall
- IPA (key): /kʰwɑɻ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: faai3
- Yale: faai
- Cantonese Pinyin: faai3
- Guangdong Romanization: fai3
- IPA (key): /fɑːi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khoai
- Hakka Romanization System: kuai
- Hagfa Pinyim: kuai4
- IPA: /kʰu̯ai̯⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ko̿
- IPA (key): /kʰo³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: kuái
- IPA (key): /kʰuɑi²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: khue (T2)
- IPA (key): /kʰɯe̞³⁴/
- (Shanghainese)
-
Dialectal data▼
Variety | Location | 塊 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /kʰuai⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /kʰuai⁵³/ | |
Tianjin | /kʰuai⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /kʰuɛ²¹/ | |
Qingdao | /kʰuɛ⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /kʰuai³¹²/ | |
Xi'an | /kʰuai⁵³/ | |
Xining | /kʰuɛ⁵³/ | |
Yinchuan | /kʰuɛ⁵³/ /kʰuɛ¹³/ |
|
Lanzhou | /kʰuɛ⁴⁴²/ | |
Ürümqi | /kʰuai²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /kʰuai⁴²/ | |
Chengdu | /kʰuai⁵³/ | |
Guiyang | /kʰuai⁴²/ | |
Kunming | /kʰuæ⁵³/ | |
Nanjing | /kʰuae⁴⁴/ | |
Hefei | /kʰue̞⁵³/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /kʰuai⁴⁵/ 一~糖 /kʰuai⁵³/ 糖~~ |
Pingyao | /kʰuæ⁵³/ /xuæ⁵³/ 一~人 |
|
Hohhot | /kʰuɛ⁵⁵/ 兩~錢 /kʰuɛ⁵³/ 石頭~子 |
|
Wu | Shanghai | /kʰue³⁵/ |
Suzhou | /kʰue̞⁵¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /kʰue̞⁴⁴⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /kʰai⁴²/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /kʰua³²⁴/ |
Tunxi | /kʰua⁴²/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /kʰuai⁴¹/ |
Xiangtan | /kʰuai⁴²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /kʰuai²¹³/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /kʰuai⁵³/ |
Taoyuan | ||
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /fai³³/ |
Nanning | /fai³³/ /wai³³/ |
|
Hong Kong | /fai³³/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /kʰuai²¹/ |
Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /kʰuɑi²¹²/ | |
Jian'ou (Min Bei) | ||
Shantou (Min Nan) | /ko²¹³/ | |
Haikou (Min Nan) | /xɔi³⁵/ /xuai³⁵/ |
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 塊 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) |
Final (韻) | 灰 (42) |
Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
Openness (開合) | Closed |
Division (等) | I |
Fanqie | 苦對切 |
Reconstructions | |
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kʰuʌiH/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/kʰuoiH/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/kʰuɒiH/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kʰwəjH/ |
Li Rong |
/kʰuᴀiH/ |
Wang Li |
/kʰuɒiH/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/kʰuɑ̆iH/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
kuì |
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 塊 | 塊 |
Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
kuài | kuài |
Middle Chinese |
‹ khwɛjH › | ‹ khwojH › |
Old Chinese |
/*[kʰ]ˤ<r>uj-s/ | /*[kʰ]ˤuj-s/ |
English | clod, lump | clod; lump |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 塊 | 塊 |
Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
No. | 4666 | 4676 |
Phonetic component |
鬼 | 鬼 |
Rime group |
微 | 隊 |
Rime subdivision |
2 | 2 |
Corresponding MC rime |
塊 | 蒯 |
Old Chinese |
/*kʰuːls/ | /*kʰruːds/ |
Notes | 說文凷或體 | 或作墤,廣韻只作墤 |
DefinitionsEdit
塊
- piece; chunk; lump; part
- (colloquial) Classifier for money: yuan; dollar; buck
- Classifier for piece of something (food, cloth, stone): piece; chunk; slab
- Classifier for areas of land: plot; tract; area
- (Sichuan, obsolete) tomb; grave
SynonymsEdit
See alsoEdit
CompoundsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
PronunciationEdit
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dó̤i
- IPA (key): /tɔy²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
-
Dialectal data▼
Variety | Location | 塊 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | |
Harbin | ||
Tianjin | ||
Jinan | ||
Qingdao | ||
Zhengzhou | ||
Xi'an | ||
Xining | ||
Yinchuan | ||
Lanzhou | ||
Ürümqi | ||
Wuhan | ||
Chengdu | ||
Guiyang | ||
Kunming | ||
Nanjing | ||
Hefei | ||
Jin | Taiyuan | |
Pingyao | ||
Hohhot | ||
Wu | Shanghai | |
Suzhou | ||
Hangzhou | ||
Wenzhou | ||
Hui | Shexian | |
Tunxi | ||
Xiang | Changsha | |
Xiangtan | ||
Gan | Nanchang | |
Hakka | Meixian | |
Taoyuan | ||
Cantonese | Guangzhou | |
Nanning | ||
Hong Kong | ||
Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /te²¹/ |
Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /tøy³²/ 訓讀 | |
Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /tʰi⁴⁴/ | |
Shantou (Min Nan) | ||
Haikou (Min Nan) |
DefinitionsEdit
塊
- (Min) piece; chunk; lump; part
- (Min) Classifier for piece of something (food, cloth, stone): piece; chunk; slab
- (Min Dong) place
- (Min Dong, colloquial) Classifier for money: yuan; dollar; buck
- (Min Dong) Classifier for places.
SynonymsEdit
- (yuan): see dialectal synonyms table above
JapaneseEdit
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
塊 • (goe) (hangeul 괴, McCune-Reischauer koe)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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