克服

Chinese

		gram; subdue; to restrain gram; subdue; to restrain; to overcome	clothes; dress; garment clothes; dress; garment; submit; take (medicine)
simp. and trad. (克服)		克	服

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kèfú

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄜˋ ㄈㄨˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hak¹ fuk⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiet-fu̍k / khiat-fu̍k
• Min Nan (POJ): khiak-ho̍k / khat-ho̍k / khek-ho̍k

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Pinyin: kèfú
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄜˋ ㄈㄨˊ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kehfwu
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kèfú
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɤ⁵¹ fu³⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 克服 客服

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)
    • Jyutping: hak¹ fuk⁶
    • Yale: hāk fuhk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hak⁷ fuk⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: heg¹ fug⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐk̚⁵ fʊk̚²/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 克復／克复 克服

• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiet-fu̍k
    • Hakka Romanization System: kied` fug
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kiad<sup>5</sup> fug<sup>6</sup>
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯et̚² fuk̚⁵/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiat-fu̍k
    • Hakka Romanization System: kiad` fug
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kiad⁵ fug⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯at̚² fuk̚⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiak-ho̍k
    • Tâi-lô: khiak-ho̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qiakhok
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ hɔk̚²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khat-ho̍k
    • Tâi-lô: khat-ho̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qathok
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰat̚⁵⁻²⁴ hɔk̚²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khek-ho̍k
    • Tâi-lô: khik-ho̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qekhok
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ hɔk̚¹²¹/

Verb

克服

1. to overcome; to conquer; to surmount

   孩子必須學會克服困難。 [MSC, trad.]
   孩子必须学会克服困难。 [MSC, simp.]

   Háizi bìxū xuéhuì kèfú kùnnán. [Pinyin]

   Children must learn to overcome difficulties.

   • 希望你們好好研究討論，並且每過一個時期就要總結經驗，發揚成績，克服缺點。 [MSC, trad.]
     希望你们好好研究讨论，并且每过一个时期就要总结经验，发扬成绩，克服缺点。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1956, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《論十大關係》 (On the Ten Major Relationships), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition

     Xīwàng nǐmen hǎohǎo yánjiū tǎolùn, bìngqiě měi guò yīge shíqī jiùyào zǒngjié jīngyàn, fāyáng chéngjì, kèfú quēdiǎn. [Pinyin]

     We hope that you will consider and discuss it in earnest and sum up your experience from time to time so as to enhance achievements and overcome shortcomings.

2. to put up with

Synonyms

• (to overcome):

edit

• 征服 (zhēngfú)
• 戰勝／战胜 (zhànshèng)

• 攻克 (gōngkè)

• (to put up with):

edit

• 容忍 (róngrěn)
• 忍受 (rěnshòu)

• 忍耐 (rěnnài)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
克	服
こく Grade: S	ふく Grade: 3
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
• (Tokyo) こくふく [kòkúfúkú] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ko̞kɯ̟ᵝɸɯ̟̊ᵝkɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

克(こく)服(ふく) • (kokufuku) 

1. conquest, overcoming

Verb

克(こく)服(ふく)する • (kokufuku suru) transitive suru (stem 克(こく)服(ふく)し (kokufuku shi), past 克(こく)服(ふく)した (kokufuku shita))

1. to overcome

   Synonym: 乗り越える

Conjugation

Conjugation of "克服する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	克服し	こくふくし	kokufuku shi
Continuative (連用形)	克服し	こくふくし	kokufuku shi
Terminal (終止形)	克服する	こくふくする	kokufuku suru
Attributive (連体形)	克服する	こくふくする	kokufuku suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	克服すれ	こくふくすれ	kokufuku sure
Imperative (命令形)	克服せよ¹ 克服しろ²	こくふくせよ¹ こくふくしろ²	kokufuku seyo¹ kokufuku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	克服される	こくふくされる	kokufuku sareru
Causative	克服させる 克服さす	こくふくさせる こくふくさす	kokufuku saseru kokufuku sasu
Potential	克服できる	こくふくできる	kokufuku dekiru
Volitional	克服しよう	こくふくしよう	kokufuku shiyō
Negative	克服しない	こくふくしない	kokufuku shinai
Negative continuative	克服せず	こくふくせず	kokufuku sezu
Formal	克服します	こくふくします	kokufuku shimasu
Perfective	克服した	こくふくした	kokufuku shita
Conjunctive	克服して	こくふくして	kokufuku shite
Hypothetical conditional	克服すれば	こくふくすれば	kokufuku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

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Korean

Hanja in this term
克	服

Noun

克服 • (geukbok) (hangeul 극복)

1. Hanja form^? of 극복.

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Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
克	服

Verb

克服

1. Hán tự form of khắc phục.