公卿
Chinese edit
just; honourable; public just; honourable; public; common; fair; duke; mister |
(old) minister; (old) term of endearment between spouses; thou (poet.) | ||
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trad. (公卿) | 公 | 卿 | |
simp. #(公卿) | 公 | 卿 |
Etymology edit
Originally a clipping of 三公九卿 (Sāngōng Jiǔqīng).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
公卿
- (literary) the Three Excellencies and Nine Ministers
- (literary) generic term for all of the high-level ministers and officials within the government
Descendants edit
References edit
- 三公 on the Chinese Wikipedia.Wikipedia zh
- 九卿 on the Chinese Wikipedia.Wikipedia zh
Japanese edit
Etymology 1 edit
Kanji in this term | |
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公 | 卿 |
く Grade: 2 |
きょう > ぎょう Jinmeiyō |
goon |
Alternative spellings |
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供饗 (table) 公饗 (table) |
/kuᵑ kʲau/ → /kuɡʲau/ → /kuɡʲɔː/ → /kuɡʲoː/
From Middle Chinese 公卿 (MC kuwng khjaeng). The 呉音 (goon, literally “Wu sound”) reading, so likely the earlier borrowing from Middle Chinese.
Separately, the 公 (kō, literally “official”) collectively refers to the 太政大臣 (daijō-daijin, “chancellor of the realm”), 左大臣 (sadaijin, “minister of the left”), and 右大臣 (udaijin, “minister of the right”); and 卿 (kei, literally “state minister”) the 大納言 (dainagon, “upper counselor”), 中納言 (chūnagon, “middle counselor”), the court nobility of the third rank or higher, and the 参議 (sangi, “state counselors”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- (politics, historical) a court nobleman; the nobility
- a small lacquered 膳 (zen, “tray table”) used by kugyō nobles
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Kanji in this term | |
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公 | 卿 |
こう Grade: 2 |
けい Jinmeiyō |
kan’on |
From Middle Chinese 公卿 (MC kuwng khjaeng).
The 漢音 (kan'on, literally “Han sound”) reading, so likely a later borrowing from Middle Chinese.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- (historical) the 三公 (Sankō, “Three Excellencies”) and 九卿 (Kyūkei, “Nine Ministers”) in ancient China
- (by extension, politics, historical) Same as くぎょう (kugyō) above
See also edit
Etymology 3 edit
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
公 | 卿 |
くげ | |
Grade: 2 | Jinmeiyō |
jukujikun |
For pronunciation and definitions of 公卿 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 公卿, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 4 edit
Kanji in this term | |
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公 | 卿 |
もうちぎみ | |
Grade: 2 | Jinmeiyō |
jukujikun |
Alternative spellings |
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卿 大夫 |
⟨mape1 tu ki1mi1⟩ → */mapʲetukʲimʲi/ → /maɸet͡ɕʉɡimi/ → /maũt͡ɕiɡimi/ → /mɔːt͡ɕiɡimi/ → /moːt͡ɕiɡimi/
Shift from Old Japanese 公卿 (mape1tuki1mi1 → maetsukimi).[1]
Refers to noblemen who serve before the Emperor.
Noun edit
公卿 • (mōchigimi) ←まうちぎみ (mautigimi)?
Quotations edit
For quotations using this term, see Citations:公卿.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 5 edit
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
公 | 卿 |
まちぎみ | |
Grade: 2 | Jinmeiyō |
jukujikun |
Alternative spelling |
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卿 |
/maut͡ɕiɡimi/ → /mɔ̃t͡ɕiɡimi/ → /mat͡ɕiɡimi/
Shift from mōchigimi above, historical mauchigimi.[1]
Noun edit
Derived terms edit
- 太政大臣 (ōmatsurigoto no ōmatsugimi, Wamyōshō spelling)
Etymology 6 edit
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
公 | 卿 |
まつぎみ | |
Grade: 2 | Jinmeiyō |
jukujikun |
Coined by Motoori Norinaga in 1798.[2]
Shift from either Old Japanese 公卿 (mape1tuki1mi1 → maetsukimi), mōchigimi (historical mauchigimi), or machigimi above.
Noun edit
Quotations edit
For quotations using this term, see Citations:公卿.
References edit
Korean edit
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
公 | 卿 |
Noun edit
Old Japanese edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology 1 edit
Originally a compound of 前 (mape1, “head, in front”) + つ (tu, possessive particle) + 君 (ki1mi1, “emperor”).[1]
Refers to noblemen who serve before the Emperor.
Noun edit
公卿 (mape1tuki1mi1) (kana まへつきみ)
Quotations edit
For quotations using this term, see Citations:公卿.
Derived terms edit
- 大臣 (opomape1tuki1mi1)
Descendants edit
- Japanese: 公卿 (maetsukimi → maetsugimi → mōchigimi, in modern Japanese dictionaries)
Etymology 2 edit
Possibly a shift from mape1tuki1mi1 above.
Noun edit
公卿 (matiki1mi1) (kana まちきみ)
Quotations edit
For quotations using this term, see Citations:公卿.
Derived terms edit
- 姫大夫 (pi1me1matiki1mi1)
Descendants edit
- Japanese: 公卿 (machigimi)