壅

壅 U+58C5, 壅 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58C5 ← 壄 [U+58C4] CJK Unified Ideographs 壆 → [U+58C6]

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

壅 (radical 32, 土+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 卜女土土 (YVGG), four-corner 0010₄, composition ⿱雍土)

1. to obstruct

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 240, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5524
• Dae Jaweon: page 480, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 493, character 4
• Unihan data for U+58C5

---

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		壅

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (邕) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
郺	*qoːŋʔ, *qoŋ
齆	*qoːŋs
甕	*qoːŋs
罋	*qoːŋs, *qoŋ
雍	*qoŋ, *qoŋs
邕	*qoŋ
嗈	*qoŋ
灉	*qoŋ, *qoŋs
癰	*qoŋ
廱	*qoŋ
雝	*qoŋ
壅	*qoŋ, *qoŋʔ, *qoŋs
饔	*qoŋ
噰	*qoŋ
澭	*qoŋ
擁	*qoŋ, *qoŋʔ
臃	*qoŋ

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yōng (yong¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jung¹, ngung¹, jung²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yûng
• Min Nan (POJ): èng

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: yōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄥ
    • Wade–Giles: yung¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iong
    • IPA ^(key): /i̯ʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: jung¹, ngung¹, jung²
    • Yale: yūng, ngūng, yúng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jung¹, ngung¹, jung²
    • Guangdong Romanization: yung¹, ngung¹, yung²
    • IPA ^(key): /jʊŋ⁵⁵/, /ŋʊŋ⁵⁵/, /jʊŋ³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yûng
    • Hakka Romanization System: iung´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yung¹
    • IPA: /i̯uŋ²⁴/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yûng
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iung´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yung¹
    • IPA: /(j)i̯uŋ²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: èng
    • Tâi-lô: ìng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: exng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /iɪŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iɪŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /iɪŋ¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɪŋ²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: /ʔɨoŋ/, /ʔɨoŋ^X/▼

Rime
Character	壅	壅
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	於容切	於隴切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɨoŋ/	/ʔɨoŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔioŋ/	/ʔioŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔioŋ/	/ʔioŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔuawŋ/	/ʔuawŋX/
Li Rong	/ʔioŋ/	/ʔioŋX/
Wang Li	/ĭwoŋ/	/ĭwoŋX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯woŋ/	/ʔi̯woŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yōng	yǒng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*qoŋ/, /*qoŋʔ/, /*qoŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	壅	壅	壅
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	15411	15419	15422
Phonetic component	邕	邕	邕
Rime group	東	東	東
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	邕	擁	雍
Old Chinese	/*qoŋ/	/*qoŋʔ/	/*qoŋs/
Notes			原土在左，集韻作此，見論衡

DefinitionsEdit

壅

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

CompoundsEdit

• 交通壅塞
• 培壅
• 壅土
• 壅塞

• 壅滯／壅滞
• 壅蔽
• 壅門／壅门

• 壅閉／壅闭
• 懸壅垂／悬壅垂 (xuányōngchuí)
• 鄣壅

ReferencesEdit

• Multi-function Chinese Character Database (漢語多功能字庫)

---

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

壅

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. plug up
2. shut up

ReadingsEdit

• Goon: ゆ (yu)
• Kan’on: よう (yō)
• Kun: ふさぐ (fusagu)

---

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

壅 • (ong) (hangeul 옹, revised ong, McCune–Reischauer ong)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

壅 (ung)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReferencesEdit

• Nom Foundation