ゆ
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JapaneseEdit
Stroke order | |||
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PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 由 in the cursive sōsho style.
SyllableEdit
ゆ (romaji yu)
- The hiragana syllable ゆ (yu). Its equivalent in katakana is ユ (yu). It is the thirty-seventh syllable in the gojūon order; its position is や行う段 (ya-gyō u-dan, “row ya, section u”).
See alsoEdit
- (Hiragana) 平仮名; あぁ, いぃ, うぅゔ, えぇ, おぉ, かゕが, きぎ, くぐ, けゖげ, こ𛄲ご, さざ, しじ, すず, せぜ, そぞ, ただ, ちぢ, つっづ, てで, とど, な, に, ぬ, ね, の, はばぱ, ひびぴ, ふぶぷ, へべぺ, ほぼぽ, ま, み, む, め, も, やゃ, 𛀆, ゆゅ, 𛀁, よょ, らら゚, りり゚, るる゚, れれ゚, ろろ゚, わゎわ゙, ゐ𛅐ゐ゙, 𛄟, ゑ𛅑ゑ゙, を𛅒を゙, ん, ー, ゝ, ゞ, ゟ
Etymology 2Edit
For pronunciation and definitions of ゆ – see the following entry. | ||
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(This term, ゆ, is an alternative spelling of the above Sino-Japanese term. For a list of all kanji read as ゆ, not just those used in Japanese terms, see Category:Japanese kanji read as ゆ.) |
(The following entries are uncreated: 遊, 由, 油, 喩, 愉, 諭, 輸, 癒, 諛.)
Etymology 3Edit
For pronunciation and definitions of ゆ – see the following entries. | ||||||
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(This term, ゆ, is an alternative spelling of the above terms. For a list of all kanji read as ゆ, not just those used in Japanese terms, see Category:Japanese kanji read as ゆ.) |
Etymology 4Edit
From Old Japanese.
SuffixEdit
- (Classical Japanese) attaches to the 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) of verbs
- expresses passiveness
- expresses possibility
- expresses natural, spontaneous occurrence
ConjugationEdit
Stem forms | |||
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Irrealis (未然形) | え | え | -e |
Continuative (連用形) | え | え | -e |
Terminal (終止形) | ゆ | ゆ | -yu |
Attributive (連体形) | ゆる | ゆる | -yuru |
Realis (已然形) | ゆれ | ゆれ | -yure |
Imperative (命令形) | えよ | えよ | -eyo |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | えず | えず | -ezu |
Contrasting conjunction | ゆれど | ゆれど | -yuredo |
Causal conjunction | ゆれば | ゆれば | -yureba |
Conditional conjunction | えば | えば | -eba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | えき | えき | -eki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | えけり | えけり | -ekeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | えつ | えつ | -etu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | えぬ | えぬ | -enu |
Perfect-continuative tense | えたり | えたり | -etari |
Volitional | えむ | えむ | -emu |
Derived termsEdit
OkinawanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Ryukyuan *wo, from Proto-Japonic *wo.
Cognate with standard Japanese を (wo).
PronunciationEdit
ParticleEdit
ゆ (rōmaji yu)
- (archaic, literary, with transitive verb) accusative case particle
- 誰ゆ恨みとぅてぃ鳴ちゅが浜千鳥。
- Taru-yu uramituti nachuga hamachiduri.
- Who do you hate when you sing, the plover on the beach?
- 誰ゆ恨みとぅてぃ鳴ちゅが浜千鳥。
- (archaic, literary, with intransitive verb) away from, off
- (archaic, literary, with intransitive verb) along, following a specified route, track, orbit, etc.
Usage notesEdit
In modern Okinawan parlance this accusative particle is simply omitted from direct objects and the like, turning the language into a marked nominative language.
ReferencesEdit
Old JapaneseEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Alternative spelling |
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所 |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
SuffixEdit
ゆ (-yu)
- attaches to the 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) of verbs
- expresses passiveness
- expresses possibility
- expresses natural, spontaneous occurrence
Usage notesEdit
- The alternative kanji spelling of this verb suffix derives from Middle Chinese 所 (ʃɨʌX), a prefix attached to verbs to form noun phrases, indicating the patient of the verb, similar to a passive participle. In writing, this is used prefixally as in Chinese, by adding it before the kanji of the verb. The resulting compound is read as the irrealis stem of the verb plus the terminal ゆ (yu) or attributive ゆる (yuru), depending on the grammar required by the syntax. Examples are 所謂 (ipayuru), 所念 (omopoyu), 所見 (mi1yu), 所聞 (ki1ko2yu), 所知 (sirayu).
ConjugationEdit
Stem forms | |||
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Irrealis (未然形) | 𛀁 | 𛀁 | -ye |
Continuative (連用形) | 𛀁 | 𛀁 | -ye |
Terminal (終止形) | ゆ | ゆ | -yu |
Attributive (連体形) | ゆる | ゆる | -yuru |
Realis (已然形) | ゆれ | ゆれ | -yure |
Imperative (命令形) | 𛀁よ | 𛀁よ | -yeyo |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 𛀁ず | 𛀁ず | -yezu |
Contrasting conjunction | ゆれど | ゆれど | -yuredo |
Causal conjunction | ゆれば | ゆれば | -yureba |
Conditional conjunction | 𛀁ば | 𛀁ば | -yeba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 𛀁き | 𛀁き | -yeki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 𛀁けり | 𛀁けり | -yekeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 𛀁つ | 𛀁つ | -yetu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 𛀁ぬ | 𛀁ぬ | -yenu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 𛀁たり | 𛀁たり | -yetari |
Volitional | 𛀁む | 𛀁む | -yemu |
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
ParticleEdit
ゆ (yu)
Derived termsEdit
- ゆり (yuri)
DescendantsEdit
- Japanese: より (yori)
Etymology 3Edit
NounEdit
ゆ (yu)
- 湯: hot water, hot spring