ゆ
![]() | ||||||||
|
Japanese
editStroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
editEtymology 1
editDerived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 由 in the cursive sōsho style.
Syllable
edit- The hiragana syllable ゆ (yu). Its equivalent in katakana is ユ (yu). It is the thirty-seventh syllable in the gojūon order; its position is や行う段 (ya-gyō u-dan, “row ya, section u”).
See also
edit- (Hiragana) 平仮名; あぁ, いぃ, うぅゔ, えぇ, おぉ, かゕが, きぎ, くぐ, けゖげ, こ𛄲 (𛄲)ご, さざ, しじ, すず, せぜ, そぞ, ただ, ちぢ, つっづ, てで, とど, な, に, ぬ, ね, の, はばぱ, ひびぴ, ふぶぷ, へべぺ, ほぼぽ, ま, み, む, め, も, やゃ, 𛀆, ゆゅ, 𛀁, よょ, らら゚, りり゚, るる゚, れれ゚, ろろ゚, わゎわ゙, ゐ𛅐 (𛅐)ゐ゙, 𛄟 (𛄟), ゑ𛅑 (𛅑)ゑ゙, を𛅒 (𛅒)を゙, ん, ー, ゝ, ゞ, ゟ
Etymology 2
editFor pronunciation and definitions of ゆ – see the following entries. | ||
| ||
(This term, ゆ (yu), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) For a list of all kanji read as ゆ, see Category:Japanese kanji read as ゆ.) |
(The following entries are uncreated: 遊, 由, 油, 喩, 愉, 諭, 輸, 癒, 諛.)
Etymology 3
editFor pronunciation and definitions of ゆ – see the following entries. | ||
| ||
| ||
| ||
(This term, ゆ (yu), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.) For a list of all kanji read as ゆ, see Category:Japanese kanji read as ゆ.) |
Etymology 4
editFrom Old Japanese.
Suffix
edit- (Classical Japanese) attaches to the 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) of verbs
- expresses passiveness
- expresses possibility
- expresses natural, spontaneous occurrence
Conjugation
editStem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | え | え | -e |
Continuative (連用形) | え | え | -e |
Terminal (終止形) | ゆ | ゆ | -yu |
Attributive (連体形) | ゆる | ゆる | -yuru |
Realis (已然形) | ゆれ | ゆれ | -yure |
Imperative (命令形) | えよ | えよ | -eyo |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | えず | えず | -ezu |
Contrasting conjunction | ゆれど | ゆれど | -yuredo |
Causal conjunction | ゆれば | ゆれば | -yureba |
Conditional conjunction | えば | えば | -eba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | えき | えき | -eki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | えけり | えけり | -ekeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | えつ | えつ | -etu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | えぬ | えぬ | -enu |
Perfect-continuative tense | えたり | えたり | -etari |
Volitional | えむ | えむ | -emu |
Derived terms
editOkinawan
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Ryukyuan *wo, from Proto-Japonic *wo.
Cognate with standard Japanese を (wo).
Pronunciation
editParticle
editゆ (yu)
- (archaic, literary, with transitive verb) accusative case particle
- 誰ゆ恨みとぅてぃ鳴ちゅが浜千鳥。
- Taru-yu uramituti nachuga hamachiduri.
- Who do you hate when you sing, the plover on the beach?
- 誰ゆ恨みとぅてぃ鳴ちゅが浜千鳥。
- (archaic, literary, with intransitive verb) away from, off
- (archaic, literary, with intransitive verb) along, following a specified route, track, orbit, etc.
Usage notes
editIn modern Okinawan parlance this accusative particle is simply omitted from direct objects and the like, turning the language into a marked nominative language.
References
editOld Japanese
editEtymology 1
editAlternative spelling |
---|
所 |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Suffix
editゆ (-yu)
- attaches to the 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) of verbs
- expresses passiveness
- expresses possibility
- expresses natural, spontaneous occurrence
Usage notes
edit- The alternative kanji spelling of this verb suffix derives from Middle Chinese 所 (ʃɨʌX), a prefix attached to verbs to form noun phrases, indicating the patient of the verb, similar to a passive participle. In writing, this is used prefixally as in Chinese, by adding it before the kanji of the verb. The resulting compound is read as the irrealis stem of the verb plus the terminal ゆ (yu) or attributive ゆる (yuru), depending on the grammar required by the syntax. Examples are 所謂 (ipayuru), 所念 (omopoyu), 所見 (mi1yu), 所聞 (ki1ko2yu), 所知 (sirayu).
Conjugation
editStem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 𛀁 | 𛀁 | -ye |
Continuative (連用形) | 𛀁 | 𛀁 | -ye |
Terminal (終止形) | ゆ | ゆ | -yu |
Attributive (連体形) | ゆる | ゆる | -yuru |
Realis (已然形) | ゆれ | ゆれ | -yure |
Imperative (命令形) | 𛀁よ | 𛀁よ | -yeyo |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 𛀁ず | 𛀁ず | -yezu |
Contrasting conjunction | ゆれど | ゆれど | -yuredo |
Causal conjunction | ゆれば | ゆれば | -yureba |
Conditional conjunction | 𛀁ば | 𛀁ば | -yeba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 𛀁き | 𛀁き | -yeki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 𛀁けり | 𛀁けり | -yekeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 𛀁つ | 𛀁つ | -yetu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 𛀁ぬ | 𛀁ぬ | -yenu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 𛀁たり | 𛀁たり | -yetari |
Volitional | 𛀁む | 𛀁む | -yemu |
Derived terms
editDescendants
editEtymology 2
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Particle
editゆ (yu)
Derived terms
edit- ゆり (yuri)
Descendants
edit- Japanese: より (yori)
Etymology 3
editNoun
editゆ (yu)
- 湯: hot water, hot spring
Categories:
- Character boxes with images
- Hiragana block
- Hiragana script characters
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese syllables
- Japanese hiragana
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese proper nouns
- Japanese prefixes
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese suffixes
- Classical Japanese
- Okinawan terms inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan
- Okinawan terms derived from Proto-Ryukyuan
- Okinawan terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Okinawan terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Okinawan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Okinawan lemmas
- Okinawan particles
- Okinawan hiragana
- Okinawan terms with archaic senses
- Okinawan literary terms
- Okinawan terms with usage examples
- Old Japanese lemmas
- Old Japanese suffixes
- Old Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Old Japanese particles
- Old Japanese terms with usage examples
- Old Japanese nouns