昆子

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (昆子)		昆	子
simp. #(昆子)		昆	子

Etymology

Derived from Common Turkic *karsak (Pulleyblank, 1962).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kūnzi

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄣ ˙ㄗ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kūnzi
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄣ ˙ㄗ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kunzi̊h
    • Wade–Giles: kʻun¹-tzŭ⁵
    • Yale: kwūn-dz
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuen.tzy
    • Palladius: куньцзы (kunʹczy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

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• Middle Chinese: kwon tsiX

Rime
Character	昆	子
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	古渾切	即里切
Baxter	kwon	tsiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuən/	/t͡sɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/kuon/	/t͡sɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/kuən/	/t͡sieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwən/	/t͡sɨX/
Li Rong	/kuən/	/t͡siəX/
Wang Li	/kuən/	/t͡sĭəX/
Bernard Karlgren	/kuən/	/t͡siX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gūn	zǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwan1	zi2

Noun

昆子

1. (historical) fox

   • 丁令國在康居北，勝兵六萬人，隨畜牧，出名鼠皮，白昆子、青昆子皮。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     丁令国在康居北，胜兵六万人，随畜牧，出名鼠皮，白昆子、青昆子皮。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Chen Shou, Records of the Three Kingdoms, circa 3^rd century CE

     Dīnglìng guó zài Kāngjū běi, shèng bīng liù wàn rén, suí xù mù, chūmíng shǔ pí, bái kūnzǐ, qīng kūnzǐ pí. [Pinyin]

     The country of Dingling is to the north of Kangju, with a military of over 60,000 soldiers. They follow their livestock herds, and are known for rodent furs, white fox furs, and black fox furs.