国
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TranslingualEdit
Japanese | 国 |
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Simplified | 国 |
Traditional | 國 |
Stroke order (Mainland China) | |||
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Stroke order (Chinese) | |||
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Han characterEdit
国 (Kangxi radical 31, 囗+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 田一土戈 (WMGI), four-corner 60103, composition ⿴囗玉)
Derived charactersEdit
- 啯, 帼, 掴, 𬇹, 椢, 蝈, 𬧩, 𫭔, 𬜿, 𫂆, 𠏹
- 腘 (Exception: Only for mainland China character. Taiwan character contains 囯 with 王 instead)
Related charactersEdit
- 國 (Orthodox traditional form)
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: not present, would follow page 218, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4752
- Dae Jaweon: page 446, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 716, character 7
- Unihan data for U+56FD
ChineseEdit
Glyph originEdit
Simplified from 國 (或 → 玉). Also compare 囯, an unorthodox variant of 國 that contains 王 (“king”) instead of 玉 (“jade”).
DefinitionsEdit
For pronunciation and definitions of 国 – see 國 (“country; nation; nation-state; kingdom; capital; etc.”). (This character, 国, is the simplified and variant form of 國.) |
Notes:
|
JapaneseEdit
国 | |
國 |
KanjiEdit
国
(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 國)
ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: こく (koku, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: こく (koku, Jōyō)
- Kun: くに (kuni, 国, Jōyō)
- Nanori: くな (kuna); こ (ko); こう (kō)
CompoundsEdit
Compounds
- 国威
- 国運
- 国益 (kokueki)
- 国王 (kokuō)
- 国家 (kokka)
- 国歌
- 国花
- 国会 (kokkai)
- 国外 (kokugai)
- 国旗 (kokki)
- 国技 (kokugi)
- 国境 (kokkyō)
- 国教 (kokkyō)
- 国軍 (kokugun)
- 国見
- 国言葉
- 国庫 (kokko)
- 国語 (kokugo)
- 国構え (kunigamae)
- 国号 (kokugō)
- 国債 (kokusai)
- 国際 (kokusai)
- 国策 (kokusaku)
- 国産 (kokusan)
- 国史 (kokushi)
- 国士 (kokushi)
- 国師
- 国事 (kokuji)
- 国字 (kokuji)
- 国璽 (kokuji)
- 国主
- 国情
- 国辱
- 国人
- 国粋 (kokusui)
- 国是
- 国勢 (kokusei)
- 国政 (kokusei)
- 国税
- 国籍 (kokuseki)
- 国葬 (kokusō)
- 国造 (kokuzō)
- 国造り (kunizukuri)
- 国俗
- 国賊
- 国体 (kokutai)
- 国定 (kokutei)
- 国土 (kokudo)
- 国道 (kokudō)
- 国内 (kokunai)
- 国難
- 国費
- 国賓 (kokuhin)
- 国府 (kokufu)
- 国風
- 国柄
- 国宝 (kokuhō)
- 国法 (kokuhō)
- 国防 (kokubō)
- 国民 (kokumin)
- 国務 (kokumu)
- 国名 (kokumei)
- 国有 (kokuyū)
- 国立 (kokuritsu)
- 国力 (kokuryoku)
- 国連 (Kokuren)
- 日本国 (Nihon-koku)
- 生国 (shōgoku)
Etymology 1Edit
Kanji in this term |
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国 |
くに Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spellings |
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國 (kyūjitai) 邦 (uncommon) |
From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712.[1] Also found in the Nihon Shoki completed in 720, and in the Man'yōshū completed some time after 759.[2] Perhaps related to Middle Chinese 郡 (MC ɡɨunH, “geographic region: commandery, prefecture”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
- a land, a large place
- a country in general, a region
- a country as in a nation, a state
- 1998 November 30 [Nov 25 1990], Fujiko F. Fujio, のび太とアニマル惑星 [Nobita and the Animal Planet] (大長編ドラえもん; 10), 22nd edition, volume 10 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 27:
- ねえねえ、今の地図みた⁉
- Nē nē, ima no chizu mita⁉
- Hey, did you see that map!?
- Mita! Ittai koko wa nan to iu kuni darō.
- I did! I wonder what country this is.
- Kuni? Kuni tte nāni.
- Country? What’s a country?
- Amerika toka Chūgoku toka iroiro aru ja nai.
- You know, countries. There are a bunch of them like America and China.
- Bokura wa Nippon kara kita n da kedo….
- We’re from Japan, by the way...
- Nippon? Kiita koto nai.
- Japan? I’ve never heard of that before.
- ねえねえ、今の地図みた⁉
- the office of emperor, the crown; affairs of state
- a province of ancient Japan
- the national government in ancient Japan; the national capital in ancient Japan
- one's birthplace, where one is from, one's home
- 1994 January 20 [Dec 17 1988], Oze, Akira, “第8話 酒蔵の子 [Child of the Brewery]”, in 夏子の酒 [Natsuko’s Saké], 14th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tōkyō: Kōdansha, →ISBN, page 183:
- ううん……もう来ないと思う たぶん
- Ūn……mō konai to omou tabun
- No... I don’t think I’ll be coming back any time soon.
- どうして?
- Dō shite?
- How come?
- 故郷にね……帰るの
- Kuni ni ne…… kaeru no
- I’m moving back home.
- ううん……もう来ないと思う たぶん
SynonymsEdit
- (a land): 大地 (daichi), 土地 (tochi), 陸地 (rikuchi)
- (nation): 国家 (kokka), 国土 (kokudo)
- (ancient national government): 国府 (kokufu)
- (birthplace): 出生地 (shusshōchi), 生国 (shōgoku), 故郷 (furusato), 故郷 (kokyō)
Etymology 2Edit
Kanji in this term |
---|
国 |
こく Grade: 2 |
on’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
國 (kyūjitai) |
From Middle Chinese 國 (MC kwək̚, “country, nation”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
Usage notesEdit
Most often found in compounds.
ReferencesEdit
- ^ “国・邦”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
- ^ 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo), page 5. [2]
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
国: Hán Việt readings: quốc[1][2]
国: Nôm readings: quốc[1]