See also:
U+70AD, 炭
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-70AD

[U+70AC]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+70AE]

炭 U+2F91A, 炭
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F91A
灷
[U+2F919]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 𠔥
[U+2F91B]

Translingual

edit

Han character

edit

(Kangxi radical 86, +5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 山大火 (UKF) or 山一火 (UMF), four-corner 22289, composition (HJKTV) or (G))

Derived characters

edit

References

edit
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 668, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18953
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1077, character 24
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2195, character 15
  • Unihan data for U+70AD

Chinese

edit
trad.
simp. #
 
Wikipedia has articles on:
  • (Cantonese)
  • (Written Standard Chinese?)

Glyph origin

edit

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *tŋ̊ʰaːns) : semantic (fire) + abbreviated phonetic (OC *ŋɡaːns).

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tal (charcoal; dust; ashes). Cognate with Tibetan ཐལ་བ (thal ba, ashes; dust; dirt).

Derivative: (tàn, “carbon”).

(ACG slang) -tan
Borrowed from Japanese たん (tan). Also from the manga Binchō-tan, which features -tan suffix characters that are anthropomorphic representations of charcoal.

Pronunciation

edit

Note:
  • thàn - literary;
  • thòaⁿ - vernacular.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (6)
Final () (61)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter thanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/tʰɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun
/tʰɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen
/tʰɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/tʰanH/
Li
Rong
/tʰɑnH/
Wang
Li
/tʰɑnH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/tʰɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
tàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
taan3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
tàn
Middle
Chinese
‹ thanH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[tʰ]ˁa[n]-s/
English charcoal, coal

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 12356
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*tŋ̊ʰaːns/

Definitions

edit

  1. charcoal
      ―  tànhuǒ  ―  charcoal fire
  2. charcoal-like substance
  3. charcoal fire; hot charcoal
  4. (dialectal) coal
    [Jin]  ―  xi1 tan3 [Wiktionary]  ―  bituminous coal
    [Jin]  ―  beng3 tan3 [Wiktionary]  ―  anthracite
  5. Alternative form of (tàn, carbon)
  6. (ACG, Internet slang) -tan

Synonyms

edit
  • (charcoal):
  • (charcoal fire): 炭火 (tànhuǒ)
  • (coal):

Compounds

edit

Descendants

edit
Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (たん) (tan)
  • Korean: 탄(炭) (tan)
  • Vietnamese: thán ()

Others:

Japanese

edit
Shinjitai  
Kyūjitai
[1]

炭
&#x2F91A;
or
+&#xFE00;?
 
炭󠄁
+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
炭󠄃
+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

edit

(Third grade kyōiku kanjishinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 炭)

  1. a coal or cinder from a fire
  2. charcoal

Readings

edit
  • Go-on: たん (tan, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: たん (tan, Jōyō)
  • Kun: すみ (sumi, , Jōyō)

Compounds

edit

Etymology 1

edit
Kanji in this term
すみ
Grade: 3
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
すみ
[noun] [from 762] charcoal
[noun] [from early 900s] a coal or cinder from a fire
[noun] [date uncertain] (rare) coal (fossil fuel)
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

edit
Kanji in this term
たん
Grade: 3

From Middle Chinese (MC thanH).

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

(たん) (tan

  1. (rare) charcoal
    Synonyms: (more common; see above) (sumi), (literally “wood charcoal”) 木炭 (mokutan), (rare reading) 木炭 (kizumi)
  2. (rare) coal (fossil fuel)
    Synonyms: (literally “stone charcoal”) 石炭 (sekitan), (rare reading) 石炭 (ishizumi)
Usage notes
edit

This reading is only very rarely used as a standalone noun. Much more commonly encountered in compounds.

Derived terms
edit

Proper noun

edit

(たん) (Tan

  1. a surname

Further reading

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1354 (paper), page 728 (digital)

Korean

edit

Etymology

edit

From Middle Chinese (MC thanH). Recorded as Middle Korean 탄〯 (thǎn) (Yale: than) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

edit
Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun (sut tan))

  1. hanja form? of (charcoal; coal; carbon)

Compounds

edit

References

edit
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

edit

Han character

edit

: Hán Nôm readings: thán, than, tro

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.