炭
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Translingual
editHan character
edit炭 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 山大火 (UKF) or 山一火 (UMF), four-corner 22289, composition ⿱山⿸厂火(HJKTV) or ⿱山灰(G))
Derived characters
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 668, character 24
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18953
- Dae Jaweon: page 1077, character 24
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2195, character 15
- Unihan data for U+70AD
Chinese
edittrad. | 炭 | |
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simp. # | 炭 |
Glyph origin
editPhono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *tŋ̊ʰaːns) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + abbreviated phonetic 岸 (OC *ŋɡaːns).
Etymology
editFrom Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tal (“charcoal; dust; ashes”). Cognate with Tibetan ཐལ་བ (thal ba, “ashes; dust; dirt”).
Derivative: 碳 (tàn, “carbon”).
- (ACG slang) -tan
- Borrowed from Japanese たん (tan). Also from the manga Binchō-tan, which features -tan suffix characters that are anthropomorphic representations of charcoal.
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): taan3
- Gan (Wiktionary): tan3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): tan3
- Northern Min (KCR): tui̿ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): táng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5the
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): tan4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tàn
- Wade–Giles: tʻan4
- Yale: tàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tann
- Palladius: тань (tanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰän⁵¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: тан (tan, III)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰæ̃⁴⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: taan3
- Yale: taan
- Cantonese Pinyin: taan3
- Guangdong Romanization: tan3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰaːn³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: tan3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰan²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: than
- Hakka Romanization System: tan
- Hagfa Pinyim: tan4
- Sinological IPA: /tʰan⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: tan3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰæ̃⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: tui̿ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰuiŋ³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: táng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɑŋ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- thàn - literary;
- thòaⁿ - vernacular.
- Middle Chinese: thanH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tʰ]ˤa[n]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*tŋ̊ʰaːns/
Definitions
edit炭
- charcoal
- 炭火 ― tànhuǒ ― charcoal fire
- charcoal-like substance
- charcoal fire; hot charcoal
- (dialectal) coal
- 肥炭 [Jin] ― xi1 tan3 [Wiktionary] ― bituminous coal
- 笨炭 [Jin] ― beng3 tan3 [Wiktionary] ― anthracite
- Alternative form of 碳 (tàn, “carbon”)
- (ACG, Internet slang) -tan
Synonyms
edit- (charcoal):
- (charcoal fire): 炭火 (tànhuǒ)
- (coal):
Compounds
edit- 冰炭 (bīngtàn)
- 冰炭不洽
- 吞炭
- 吞炭漆身
- 塗炭/涂炭 (tútàn)
- 塗炭生民/涂炭生民
- 塗炭生靈/涂炭生灵 (tútànshēnglíng)
- 戴炭簍子/戴炭篓子
- 打醋炭
- 握炭流湯/握炭流汤
- 木炭 (mùtàn)
- 木炭畫/木炭画 (mùtànhuà)
- 民墜塗炭/民坠涂炭
- 民生塗炭/民生涂炭
- 泥炭 (nítàn)
- 浮炭
- 漆身吞炭
- 瀝青炭/沥青炭
- 火炭 (huǒtàn)
- 灰炭
- 炭化 (tànhuà)
- 炭墼
- 炭層/炭层
- 炭敬
- 炭火 (tànhuǒ)
- 炭烤
- 炭疽病 (tànjūbìng)
- 炭盆 (tànpén)
- 炭窩/炭窝
- 炭窯/炭窑 (tànyáo)
- 炭筆/炭笔 (tànbǐ)
- 炭筆畫/炭笔画
- 炭簍子/炭篓子
- 炭米
- 炭精
- 炭精棒
- 炭精筆/炭精笔
- 炭精紙/炭精纸
- 焦炭 (jiāotàn)
- 煤炭 (méitàn)
- 熟炭
- 熛炭
- 熾炭/炽炭
- 燒炭/烧炭 (shāotàn)
- 爆炭
- 獸炭/兽炭
- 生民塗炭/生民涂炭
- 生炭
- 生靈塗炭/生灵涂炭 (shēnglíngtútàn)
- 白炭
- 石炭 (shítàn)
- 石炭紀/石炭纪 (Shítàn Jì)
- 紅頭黑炭/红头黑炭
- 草炭 (cǎotàn)
- 荼炭
- 蜃炭
- 褐炭
- 踐冰履炭/践冰履炭
- 雪中送炭 (xuězhōngsòngtàn)
- 雪裡送炭/雪里送炭
- 骨炭 (gǔtàn)
- 麩炭/麸炭
- 黑炭
Descendants
editOthers:
Japanese
editShinjitai | 炭 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
炭 炭 or 炭+ ︀ ?
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炭󠄁 炭+ 󠄁 ?(Adobe-Japan1) | ||
炭󠄃 炭+ 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
edit(Third grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 炭)
Readings
editCompounds
edit- 泥炭 (sukumo)
Etymology 1
editKanji in this term |
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炭 |
すみ Grade: 3 |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 炭 – see the following entry. | ||
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(This term, 炭, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 2
editKanji in this term |
---|
炭 |
たん Grade: 3 |
From Middle Chinese 炭 (MC thanH).
Pronunciation
editNoun
edit- (rare) charcoal
- (rare) coal (fossil fuel)
Usage notes
editThis reading is only very rarely used as a standalone noun. Much more commonly encountered in compounds.
Derived terms
editProper noun
edit- a surname
Further reading
edit- Entry in Gogen-Allguide (in Japanese)
References
editKorean
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Chinese 炭 (MC thanH). Recorded as Middle Korean 탄〯 (thǎn) (Yale: than) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
editCompounds
editReferences
edit- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit炭: Hán Nôm readings: thán, than, tro
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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