火
Contents
TranslingualEdit
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|---|---|---|---|
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Alternative formsEdit
- 灬 (when used as a bottom Chinese radical)
Han characterEdit
火 (radical 86 火+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 火 (F), four-corner 90800)
- Kangxi radical #86, ⽕ (“fire”).
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 665, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18850
- Dae Jaweon: page 1073, character 19
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2187, character 1
- Unihan data for U+706B
ChineseEdit
| simp. and trad. |
火 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 火
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bamboo and silk script | Large seal script | Small seal script |
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Pictogram (象形) - pictographic representation of a fire.
EtymologyEdit
Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mej.
PronunciationEdit
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): fo2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fó
- Min Dong (BUC): huōi / huō
- Min Nan (POJ): hóe / hé / hér
- Wu (Wiktionary): hu (T2)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˇ
- Wade-Giles: ho3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huoo
- IPA (key): /xu̯ɔ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: fo2
- Yale: fó
- Cantonese Pinyin: fo2
- IPA (key): /fɔː³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fó
- Hakka Romanization System: fo`
- Hagfa Pinyim: fo3
- IPA: /fo³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: huōi / huō
- IPA (key): /huoi³³/, /huo³³/
- Note: huōi - colloquial; huō - literary.
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Magong, Hsinchu)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hé
- Tâi-lô: hé
- Phofsit Daibuun: hea
- IPA (Taipei): /he⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hér
- Tâi-lô: hér
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hə⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hóe
- Tâi-lô: hué
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoea
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hue⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hue⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Magong, Hsinchu)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: hu (T2)
- IPA (key): /hv̩ʷ³⁴/
- (Shanghainese)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 火 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (95) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 呼果切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/huɑX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/huɑX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/xuɑX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/hwaX/ |
| Li Rong |
/xuɑX/ |
| Wang Li |
/xuɑX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/xuɑX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
hǒ |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 火 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
huǒ |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ xwaX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[qʷʰ]ˤəjʔ/ |
| English | fire |
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 火 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5540 |
| Phonetic component |
火 |
| Rime group |
歌 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
火 |
| Old Chinese |
/*qʰʷaːlʔ/ |
DefinitionsEdit
火
- fire, flame
- anger, rage
- angry, furious
- temper
- to become enraged
- urgently
- (TCM) internal heat
- fiery
- thriving, brisk
- to become popular, to go viral
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 火
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DescendantsEdit
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
火
ReadingsEdit
CompoundsEdit
Compounds
Etymology 1Edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 火 |
| ひ Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese. /hi2/: [pɨ] > [ɸɨ] > [ɸi] > [çi].[1]
Possibly a later development from older form ho (see below).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms
IdiomsEdit
Idioms
|
Etymology 2Edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 火 |
| ほ Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese. /ho/: [po] > [ɸo] > [ho].[1]
Only used in compounds, whereas hi (see above) appears even in ancient texts as a standalone term. Probably the oldest form. Possibly cognate with Korean 불 (bul, “fire”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
- a fire
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms
Etymology 3Edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 火 |
| ふ Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese. Ancient dialect form in eastern Japan.[1] Found in compounds.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
- a fire
Derived termsEdit
- 葦火 (ashifu): ancient eastern Japanese dialect reading for 葦火 (ashibi): a fire using dried reeds as kindling or fuel
Etymology 4Edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 火 |
| か Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 火 (xwaX).[1]
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
火 (hiragana か, romaji ka, historical hiragana くわ)
- fire
- one of the five classical elements in traditional Chinese philosophy and medicine: see the "Wu Xing" entry on Wikipedia
- under the old Ritsuryō system of ancient Japan, a military grouping, consisting of 10 soldiers: a squad
IdiomsEdit
SynonymsEdit
- (squad): (modern Japanese) 分隊 (buntai)
Proper nounEdit
火 (hiragana か, romaji Ka, historical hiragana くわ)
- Tuesday
- Antares, in the constellation Scorpio
SynonymsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
- Sound (hangeul): 화 (revised: hwa, McCune-Reischauer: hwa, Yale: hwa)
- Name (hangeul): 불 (revised: bul, McCune-Reischauer: pul, Yale: pul)
CompoundsEdit
NounEdit
SynonymsEdit
- (Tuesday): 화요일 (hwayoil, “Tuesday”)
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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