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Arabic
editEtymology 1
editFrom Nabataean 𐢝 (š), from Classical Syriac ܫ (š), from Aramaic ש (š), from Imperial Aramaic 𐡔 (š), from the Egyptian 𓌒.
This letter stood for /ʃ/ in Aramaic. 𐢖 was not adopted into the Arabic alphabet because of the following considerations:
Proto-Semitic has three fricatives that became sibilants in descendant languages: ś, š, s. In Arabic ś gave /ʃ/, but š and s merged to /s/. In Old Aramaic all three sibilants were distinguished, and s was represented by 𐢖 / ס / 𐡎 while 𐢝 / ש / 𐡔 represented both ś and š. This orthography persisted in later Aramaic even to the time of the Nabataeans, when the pronunciation of ś merged with that of s /s/.
So when a scribe wanted to write the Arabic sound /ʃ/ from ś, he did so by using 𐢝 / س purposefully in order to stick to a letter form that looks the same in the cognate Aramaic words. But when he wanted to write an Arabic sound /s/ from Proto-Semitic š, he would defy the Aramaic spelling for this Proto-Semitic phoneme were he to represent this Arabic phoneme by the sign 𐢖 / ס / 𐡎, whereas Arabic-Aramaic word pairs with the Proto-Semitic s are – somewhat by coincidence – rare and there was hence only negligible pressure to employ 𐢖 / ܣ / ס / 𐡎, in total. So the impression was that 𐢝 / ש / 𐡔 / س is the most typical sign to write /s/ while the other possible sign fell out of use.
Pronunciation
editLetter
editس / س / س / س • (sīn)
- The twelfth letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ز (z) and followed by ش (š).
- x, unknown mathematical variable
Symbol
editس / س / س / س • (sīn)
- The fifteenth letter in traditional abjad order, which is used in place of numerals for list numbering (abjad numerals). It is preceded by ن (n) and followed by ع (ʕ).
See also
edit- (Arabic script letters) ا (ʔalif), ب (bāʔ), ت (tāʔ), ث (ṯāʔ), ج (jīm), ح (ḥāʔ), خ (ḵāʔ), د (dāl), ذ (ḏāl), ر (rāʔ), ز (zāy), س (sīn), ش (šīn), ص (ṣād), ض (ḍād), ط (ṭāʔ), ظ (ẓāʔ), ع (ʕayn), غ (ḡayn), ف (fāʔ), ق (qāf), ك (kāf), ل (lām), م (mīm), ن (nūn), ه (hāʔ), و (wāw), ي (yāʔ)
- Wikipedia article on the Arabic alphabet
- Search for entries beginning with س
References
edit- Diem, Werner (1980) “Untersuchungen zur frühen Geschichte der arabischen Orthographie: II. Die Schreibung der Konsonanten”, in Orientalia (in German), volume 49, number 1, , pages 77–81
Etymology 2
editShortened form of سَوْفَ (sawfa).
Particle
editسَـ • (sa-)
- will (prefix indicating the future tense)
- يَقْرَأُ كِتَابًا، سَيَقْرَأُ كِتَابًا
- yaqraʔu kitāban, sayaqraʔu kitāban
- He is reading a book, he will read a book.
Synonyms
edit- سَوْفَ (sawfa)
Balti
editPronunciation
editLetter
editس (transliteration needed)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the Balti alphabet, written in the Perso-Arabic script
Burushaski
editPronunciation
editLetter
editس (transliteration needed)
- The twenty-third letter of the Burushaski alphabet, written in the Perso-Arabic script
Chinese
editPronunciation
editLetter
editس
- The sixteenth letter of the Xiao'erjing abjad.
Usage notes
edit- This letter is also used to represent Pinyin initials s- and sh-.
Kashmiri
editPronunciation
editLetter
editس • (s)
- The twenty-third letter of the traditional alphabet chart of Kashmiri.
Forms
editIsolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
س | ـس | ـسـ | سـ |
See also
editKazakh
editAlternative scripts | |
---|---|
Arabic | س |
Cyrillic | С, с |
Latin | S, s |
Yañalif | S, s |
Pronunciation
editLetter
editس • (s)
Forms
editIsolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
س | ـس | ـسـ | سـ |
See also
editKhowar
editPronunciation
editLetter
editس (sīn)
- The twenty-third letter of the Khowar abjad.
Forms
editIsolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
س | ـس | ـسـ | سـ |
See also
editMalay
editEtymology 1
editPronunciation
editLetter
editس / س / س / س
- The thirteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Arabic script.
See also
edit- (Arabic script letters) ا, ب, ت, ة, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ڠ, ف, ڤ, ق, ک, ݢ, ل, م, ن, و, ۏ, ه, ء, ي, ى, ڽ [edit]
Etymology 2
edit< ٠ | ١ | ٢ > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : س | ||
Shortened form of اسا, from Proto-Malayic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.
Alternative forms
editPronunciation
editNumeral
editس (Rumi spelling se)
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editPashto
editPronunciation
editLetter
editس • (sin)
- The twenty-first letter of the Pashto alphabet.
Forms
editIsolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
س | ـس | ـسـ | سـ |
See also
editPersian
editPronunciation
edit- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [siːn]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [siːn]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [sin]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | sīn |
Dari reading? | sīn |
Iranian reading? | sin |
Tajik reading? | sin |
Letter
editﺱ / ﺳ / ﺴ / ﺲ • (sin)
- The fifteenth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ژ and followed by ش. Its name is سین.
Punjabi
editAlternative forms
editPronunciation
editLetter
editس • (sīn)
Forms
editIsolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
س | ـس | ـسـ | سـ |
See also
editSindhi
editPronunciation
editLetter
editس • (sīn)
- The twenty-ninth letter of the Sindhi abjad.
Forms
editIsolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
س | ـس | ـسـ | سـ |
See also
editUrdu
editPronunciation
edit- (letter name): (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /siːn/
- (phoneme): (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /s/
Letter
editس • (sīn)
- The eighteenth letter of the Urdu abjad.
Forms
editIsolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
س | ـس | ـسـ | سـ |
See also
editUyghur
editPronunciation
editLetter
editس • (se)
- The thirteenth letter of the Uyghur alphabet.
Forms
editIsolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
س | ـس | ـسـ | سـ |
See also
editYoruba
editPronunciation
editLetter
editس (s)
Forms
editIsolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
---|---|---|---|
س | ـس | ـسـ | سـ |
See also
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